栏目

唇萼薄荷Mentha pulegium Linn.

唇萼薄荷Mentha pulegium Linn.

别名:pennyroyal;普列薄荷;匐地薄荷;圆叶薄荷;伏地薄荷;

科名:唇形科 Labiatae

属名:薄荷属 Mentha

《中国植物志》第66卷273页
  12.唇萼薄荷
  Mentha pulegium Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1: 577. 1753; Benth. Labiat. Gen. et Sp. 182. 1836; et in DC. Prodr. 12: 175. 1848; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 3: 340. 1849; Boiss Fl. Or. 4: 545. 1867; Briq. in Engl. u. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4, 3a: 318. 1897; Hegi, Illustr. Fl. Mittel-Europa 5(4): 2339. 1909; Boriss. in Fl. URSS 21: 624. 1954——Pulegium vulgare Mill. Gard. Dict. 8: n. 1. 1768.
  多年生草本,芳香;地下枝具鳞叶,节上生根。茎大多上升,极稀直立或匍匐,高15-30 (50)厘米,钝四稜形,有微硬毛,具条纹,常染红紫色,多分枝,节间通常比叶长。茎叶具短柄,柄长2-3毫米,被微柔毛,叶片卵圆形或卵形,长8-13毫米,宽5-7毫米,先端钝,基部近圆形,边缘具疏圆齿,但常为全缘,草质,上面绿色,下面灰绿色,两面被微柔毛,侧脉1-3对,与中肋在上面凹陷下面多少显著;苞叶无柄,筒形,下弯,比轮伞花序短,细小。轮伞花序多花,具10-30花,圆球状,疏散,径1-1.5厘米,彼此远离;花梗长2-3毫米,被微硬毛。花萼管形,长2.5-3毫米,外面被微硬毛及腺点,内面在喉部被髯毛,10脉,多少显著,萼筒长1.5毫米,萼齿5,呈二唇形,上唇3齿,齿披针状三角形,长约1毫米,下唇2齿,齿钻形,长约1.5毫米。花冠鲜玫瑰红、紫色或稀有白色,长约4.5毫米,外面被微柔毛,内面近无毛,冠筒长3毫米,在上部骤然囊状增大,冠檐4裂,裂片长约1.5毫米,上裂片披针形,其余下方3裂片长圆形,全缘。雄蕊4,前对较长,均伸出,花丝丝状,无毛,花药长圆形,2室,室横裂。花柱稍伸出花冠,先端相等2浅裂。花盘平顶。子房无毛。花期9月。
  原产中欧及西亚,我国北京、南京等地有引种栽培。模式标本采自欧洲。
形态特征:多年生草本,芳香;地下枝具鳞叶,节上生根。茎大多上升,极稀直立或匍匐,高15—30(50)厘米,钝四棱形,有微硬毛,具条纹,常染红紫色,多分枝,节间通常比叶长。茎叶具短柄,柄长2—3毫米,被微柔毛,叶片卵圆形或卵形,长8—13毫米,宽5—7毫米,先端钝,基部近圆形,边缘具疏圆齿,但常为全缘,草质,上面绿色,下面灰绿色,两面被微柔毛,侧脉1—3对,与中肋在上面凹陷下面多少显著;苞叶无柄,筒形,下弯,比轮伞花序短,细小。轮伞花序多花,具10—30花,圆球状,疏散,径1—1.5厘米,彼此远离;花梗长2—3毫米,被微硬毛。花萼管形,长2.5—3毫米,外面被微硬毛及腺点,内面在喉部被髯毛,10脉,多少显著,萼简长1.5毫米,萼齿5,呈二唇形,上唇3齿,齿披针状三角形,长约1毫米,下唇2齿,齿钻形,长约1.5毫米。花冠鲜玫瑰红、紫色或稀有白色,长约4.5毫米,外面被微柔毛,内面近无毛,冠筒长3毫米,在上部骤然囊状增大,冠檐4裂,裂片长约1.5毫米,上裂片披针形,其余下方3裂片长圆形,全缘。雄蕊4,前对较长,均伸出,花丝丝状,无毛,花药长圆形,2室,室横裂。花柱稍伸出花冠,先端相等2浅裂。花盘平顶。子房无毛。花期9月。
产地分布:原产中欧及西亚,我国北京、南京等地有引种栽培。模式标本采自欧洲。
参考文献:MenthapulegiumLinn.Sp.Pl.ed.1:577.1753;Benth.Labiat.Gen.etSp.182.1836;etinDC.Prodr.12:175.1848;Ledeb.Fl.Ross,3:340.1849;BoissFl.Or.4:545.1867;Briq.inEngl.u.Prantl,Nat.Pfianzenfam.4,3a:318,1897;Hegi,Illustr.Fl.Mittel-Europa5(4):2339.1909;Boriss.inFlURSS21:624.1954——PulegiumvudgareMill.Gard.Dict.8:n.1.1768.
亚组概述:Subsect.Pulegium——Sect.1.EupulegiaBriq.inEngl.u.Prantl,Nat.Pflanzenfam.4,3a:318.1897.轮伞花序多花;花冠在喉部前方呈囊状膨大。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 17 (1994)
Mentha pulegium  Linnaeus
唇萼薄荷   chun e bo he
Pulegium vulgare Miller.
Herbs. Stolons with scalelike leaves. Stems ascending, rarely erect or trailing, 15-30(-50) cm, hirtellous, striate, tinged red-purple, much branched, internodes generally longer than leaves. Leaf blade ovate-orbicular to ovate, 0.8-1.3 cm × 5-7 mm, herbaceous, puberulent, base rounded, margin entire or sometimes remotely crenate, apex obtuse. Verticillasters 10-30-flowered, globose, 1-1.5 cm in diam., few, widely spaced; floral leaves sessile, recurved, shorter than verticillasters. Pedicel 2-3 mm. Calyx tubular, 2-lipped, 2.5-3 mm, hirtellous, glandular, throat bearded, ± conspicuously 10-veined, tube ca. 1.5 mm; upper lip 3-toothed, teeth lanceolate-triangular, ca. 1 mm; lower lip 2-toothed, teeth subulate, ca. 1.5 mm. Corolla rose, purple or rarely white, ca. 4.5 mm, puberulent; tube ca. 3 mm, abruptly saccate at apex; lobes oblong, ca. 1.5 mm, entire, upper lanceolate. Ovary glabrous. Fl. Sep.
Beijing Shi, Nanjing Shi, and other cities [Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan; SW Asia, Europe]
Cultivated in China. Source of oil of pennyroyal. Employed in the manufacture of soaps and synthetic menthol. Used medicinally for flatulent colic, stomach ailments, and as a diaphoretic.

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