细距堇菜Viola tenuicornis W. Beck.
细距堇菜Viola tenuicornis W. Beck.
28．细距堇菜（东北师范大学科学研究通报） 弱距堇菜（拉汉种子植物名称）
Viola tenuicornis W. Beck. in Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34 (2): 248. 1916; 竹内亮, 东北师范大学科学研究通报 1: 78. 1955; 东北植物检索表 230. 1959; 东北草本植物志 6: 105. 1977; 北京植物志 上册592. 1984; 汪劲武等, 植物研究8 (2): 128. 1988.——V. variegata Fisch. ex Link var. chinensis Bunge in Regel Pl. Radd. 1: 226. t. 10. f. 6 1861, excl. specim. Ussur. ; Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 324. 1939 et Neo-Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 460. 1979. ——V. variegata auct. non Fisch. ex Link: Bunge in Mem Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. Sav. Etrang. 2: 82. 1833; Baker et S. Morre in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 17: 379. 1879; Franch. Pl. David. 1: 42. 1884 et 2: 19. 1888, incl. var. chinensis; Forb. et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 56. 1886 p. p. ; Diels, in Bot. Jahrb. 29: 477. 1900.
《Flora of China》 Vol. 13 (2007)
Viola tenuicornis W. Becker
细距堇菜 xi ju jin cai
Herbs perennial, acaulescent, 2-13 cm tall. Rhizome usually erect, short, 2-10 mm, slender or slightly thick, densely noded, with several yellowish rootlets. Leaves 2 to numerous, basal; outer stipules submembranous, inner ones greenish, 2/3 adnate to petioles, free part linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, margin remotely fimbriate-dentate; petiole 1.5-6 cm, slender, wingless or very narrowly winged in upper part, usually puberulous or subglabrous; leaf blade abaxially dark purple to green, adaxially green, ovate or broadly ovate, 1-3 × 1-2 cm, accrescent at fruiting, to 6 × ca. 4.5 cm, glabrous or puberulous along veins or margin, base slightly cordate or subrounded, margin shallowly crenate, apex obtuse. Flowers purple-violet; pedicels slightly or not exceeding leaves, slender, puberulous or subglabrous, 2-bracteolate at or slightly below middle; bracteoles linear. Sepals usually green or purplish red, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 5-8 × 1.5-2 mm, glabrous or puberulous, 3-veined, margin narrowly membranous, apex acute, basal auricles short, 1-3 mm, apex truncate or rounded, rarely shallowly dentate. Petals obovate, upper ones 1-1.2 × ca. 6 mm, lateral ones 8-11 × 3-4.5 mm, slightly bearded or glabrous, anterior one 1.5-1.7(-2) cm (spur included); spur cylindric, 5-7(-9) mm, robust or slender, 1.2-3 mm in diam., apex rounded and curved upward. Anthers 1.5-2 mm; spur of 2 anterior stamens long, ca. 5.5 mm, slender, ca. 0.3 mm in diam., apex rounded and slightly curved. Ovary glabrous or puberulous; styles clavate, base geniculate forward, conspicuously thickened in upper part; stigmas conspicuously thickened on lateral sides and abaxially, slightly raised in central part, shortly beaked in front, with a stigma hole open upward at tip of beak. Capsule ellipsoid, 4-6 mm, glabrous.
Forests, forest margins, thickets, mountain slopes, dry places in open fields; below 2300 m. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi [Korea, Russia].
别名：弱距堇菜;那日衣布其-尼勒-其其格;
科名：堇菜科 Violaceae
属名：堇菜属 Viola
28．细距堇菜（东北师范大学科学研究通报） 弱距堇菜（拉汉种子植物名称）
Viola tenuicornis W. Beck. in Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34 (2): 248. 1916; 竹内亮, 东北师范大学科学研究通报 1: 78. 1955; 东北植物检索表 230. 1959; 东北草本植物志 6: 105. 1977; 北京植物志 上册592. 1984; 汪劲武等, 植物研究8 (2): 128. 1988.——V. variegata Fisch. ex Link var. chinensis Bunge in Regel Pl. Radd. 1: 226. t. 10. f. 6 1861, excl. specim. Ussur. ; Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 324. 1939 et Neo-Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 460. 1979. ——V. variegata auct. non Fisch. ex Link: Bunge in Mem Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. Sav. Etrang. 2: 82. 1833; Baker et S. Morre in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 17: 379. 1879; Franch. Pl. David. 1: 42. 1884 et 2: 19. 1888, incl. var. chinensis; Forb. et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 56. 1886 p. p. ; Diels, in Bot. Jahrb. 29: 477. 1900.
《Flora of China》 Vol. 13 (2007)
Viola tenuicornis W. Becker
细距堇菜 xi ju jin cai
Herbs perennial, acaulescent, 2-13 cm tall. Rhizome usually erect, short, 2-10 mm, slender or slightly thick, densely noded, with several yellowish rootlets. Leaves 2 to numerous, basal; outer stipules submembranous, inner ones greenish, 2/3 adnate to petioles, free part linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, margin remotely fimbriate-dentate; petiole 1.5-6 cm, slender, wingless or very narrowly winged in upper part, usually puberulous or subglabrous; leaf blade abaxially dark purple to green, adaxially green, ovate or broadly ovate, 1-3 × 1-2 cm, accrescent at fruiting, to 6 × ca. 4.5 cm, glabrous or puberulous along veins or margin, base slightly cordate or subrounded, margin shallowly crenate, apex obtuse. Flowers purple-violet; pedicels slightly or not exceeding leaves, slender, puberulous or subglabrous, 2-bracteolate at or slightly below middle; bracteoles linear. Sepals usually green or purplish red, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 5-8 × 1.5-2 mm, glabrous or puberulous, 3-veined, margin narrowly membranous, apex acute, basal auricles short, 1-3 mm, apex truncate or rounded, rarely shallowly dentate. Petals obovate, upper ones 1-1.2 × ca. 6 mm, lateral ones 8-11 × 3-4.5 mm, slightly bearded or glabrous, anterior one 1.5-1.7(-2) cm (spur included); spur cylindric, 5-7(-9) mm, robust or slender, 1.2-3 mm in diam., apex rounded and curved upward. Anthers 1.5-2 mm; spur of 2 anterior stamens long, ca. 5.5 mm, slender, ca. 0.3 mm in diam., apex rounded and slightly curved. Ovary glabrous or puberulous; styles clavate, base geniculate forward, conspicuously thickened in upper part; stigmas conspicuously thickened on lateral sides and abaxially, slightly raised in central part, shortly beaked in front, with a stigma hole open upward at tip of beak. Capsule ellipsoid, 4-6 mm, glabrous.
Forests, forest margins, thickets, mountain slopes, dry places in open fields; below 2300 m. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi [Korea, Russia].