秀苞败酱Patrinia speciosa Hand.-Mazz.
秀苞败酱Patrinia speciosa Hand.-Mazz.
3. 秀苞败酱（中国高等植物图鉴）图版3：5-7
Patrinia speciosa Hand. -Mazz., Pl. Nov. Sinenses 3, f. 24. 1924; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 328, 图6070. 1975.
多年生草本，高8-18 (-30) 厘米；根状茎细长。叶基生，叶片长圆状倒披针形或卵状椭圆形，长3-7 (-10) 厘米，宽2-3厘米，无毛或上面疏被糙毛，下面稍呈苍白色，羽状深裂，侧生裂片3-5对，向前伸展，卵形或长圆状披针形，顶尖，顶生裂片较长大，边缘有少数缺刻状粗大锯齿，基部下延于叶柄呈翼状；叶柄长1-2厘米，较宽阔，基部扩大成鞘状。花茎1-3枝由叶丛中抽出，疏被白色糙毛，不具或具1对茎生叶，卵形或卵状长圆形至长圆形，羽状分裂，长达6厘米，宽达2厘米；聚伞花序组成三级对生分枝的顶生伞房花序，密生小花，花序宽3-6 (-10) 厘米，花序梗疏生长糙毛；每级分枝处各具1对总苞叶，总苞叶椭圆形、长圆形、卵状长圆形至披针形，长达2-6厘米，宽达2厘米，不分裂而具锯齿或羽状浅裂至深裂，向上渐小；小苞片卵状长圆形至倒卵形，长2.5-3毫米，宽1.4-1.7毫米，上部常不等2浅裂或仅具一裂片；萼齿宽短，果熟时常有1-2片明显增大，卵状披针形、卵形、倒卵形至倒披针形，长 (0.2-) 0.5-1.6毫米；花冠黄色，钟状，长5.5-6毫米，花冠筒比裂片稍长，长3毫米，上部宽2.6-2.8毫米，下部宽1.1-1.5毫米，基部一侧有囊肿，筒内面有柔毛，花冠裂片椭圆形、倒卵形至卵圆形，稍直立，长2.5毫米，宽1毫米；雄蕊和花柱伸出，花药长圆形，长1.2-1.4毫米，近蜜囊2花丝长7.5毫米，下部有柔毛，外方一对花丝长6.5毫米，无毛。瘦果椭圆形或长圆形，长达3毫米，宽达2.5毫米，无毛；果苞长达1-1.2厘米，宽0.8-1 (-1.3) 厘米，不规则歪卵形或不规则倒卵形，顶端不规则浅3裂，有时仅一侧有1小裂片，网脉常具3主脉，极少有时4-5主脉。花期（7月下旬-）8月上旬-9月，果熟期9-10月。
产西藏东南部至云南西北部（怒江流域）。生于岩坡、沙质山坡上、多石草坡中及北坡灌丛中或高山荒坡上，海拔3100-3700 (-4050) 米。模式标本采自云南贡山。
本种与西伯利亚败酱 P. sibirica (Linn.) Juss. 近似，但后者根茎常较粗壮，基生叶不同形，全缘不裂叶与羽状分裂叶或缺刻状齿裂叶并存；花柱较短，长仅3.7毫米，易于区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Patrinia speciosa Handel-Mazzetti Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 61: 21. 1924.
秀苞败酱 xiu bao bai jiang
Herbs, perennial, 8-30 cm tall. Rhizomes slender. Stems solitary, simple or sometimes branched, leafless or with 1 pair of leaves, sparsely villous. Basal leaves rosulate; petiole 1-2 cm, base sheathing; blade oblong-oblanceolate or ovate-elliptic, 3-10 × 2-3 cm, slightly glaucous abaxially, glabrous or sparsely villous adaxially, pinnatifid; segments 3-5-pairs, ovate or oblong-lanceolate, base decurrent, margin coarsely serrate, apex acute; terminal lobe larger. Cauline leaves ovate or ovate-oblong to oblong, 3-8 × 1.5-2.5 cm, pinnatifid. Inflorescence corymbiform, 3-10 cm in diam. at anthesis; lateral branches in ca. 3 pairs; peduncles sparsely hirsute; involucral bracts elliptic, oblong, or ovate-oblong to lanceolate, 2-6 × ca. 2 cm, serrate, pinnatilobate or pinnatifid, reduced apically; bracts ovate-oblong to obovate, 2.5-3 × 1.4-1.7 mm, apex usually unequally 2-lobed. Calyx lobes ovate-lanceolate, ovate, obovate, or oblanceolate, 0.2-1.6 mm, usually 1 or 2 prominently enlarged in fruit. Corolla yellow, campanulate, 5.5-6 mm; tube ca. 3 mm, 2.6-2.8 mm in diam. distally; lobes elliptic or obovate to ovate, ca. 2.5 × 2.5-3 mm. Stamens 4, exserted; longer filaments ca. 7.5 mm, shorter filaments ca. 6.5 mm; anthers oblong, 1.2-1.4 mm. Achenes ellipsoid or oblong, 3-4 × 2-3 mm; bracteoles irregularly obliquely ovate or obliquely obovate, occasionally 10-12 × 8-13 mm, 3(-5)-veined, apex shallowly 3-lobed, sometimes only one lateral side with 2 lobes. Fl. late Jul-Sep, fr. Sep-Oct.
● Stony, grassy, and/or sandy slopes, thickets; 3100-4100 m. SE Xizang (Bomi, Mêdog, Zayü), NW Yunnan (Gongshan).
别名：透色败酱;
科名：败酱科 Valerianaceae
属名：败酱属 Patrinia
3. 秀苞败酱（中国高等植物图鉴）图版3：5-7
Patrinia speciosa Hand. -Mazz., Pl. Nov. Sinenses 3, f. 24. 1924; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 328, 图6070. 1975.
多年生草本，高8-18 (-30) 厘米；根状茎细长。叶基生，叶片长圆状倒披针形或卵状椭圆形，长3-7 (-10) 厘米，宽2-3厘米，无毛或上面疏被糙毛，下面稍呈苍白色，羽状深裂，侧生裂片3-5对，向前伸展，卵形或长圆状披针形，顶尖，顶生裂片较长大，边缘有少数缺刻状粗大锯齿，基部下延于叶柄呈翼状；叶柄长1-2厘米，较宽阔，基部扩大成鞘状。花茎1-3枝由叶丛中抽出，疏被白色糙毛，不具或具1对茎生叶，卵形或卵状长圆形至长圆形，羽状分裂，长达6厘米，宽达2厘米；聚伞花序组成三级对生分枝的顶生伞房花序，密生小花，花序宽3-6 (-10) 厘米，花序梗疏生长糙毛；每级分枝处各具1对总苞叶，总苞叶椭圆形、长圆形、卵状长圆形至披针形，长达2-6厘米，宽达2厘米，不分裂而具锯齿或羽状浅裂至深裂，向上渐小；小苞片卵状长圆形至倒卵形，长2.5-3毫米，宽1.4-1.7毫米，上部常不等2浅裂或仅具一裂片；萼齿宽短，果熟时常有1-2片明显增大，卵状披针形、卵形、倒卵形至倒披针形，长 (0.2-) 0.5-1.6毫米；花冠黄色，钟状，长5.5-6毫米，花冠筒比裂片稍长，长3毫米，上部宽2.6-2.8毫米，下部宽1.1-1.5毫米，基部一侧有囊肿，筒内面有柔毛，花冠裂片椭圆形、倒卵形至卵圆形，稍直立，长2.5毫米，宽1毫米；雄蕊和花柱伸出，花药长圆形，长1.2-1.4毫米，近蜜囊2花丝长7.5毫米，下部有柔毛，外方一对花丝长6.5毫米，无毛。瘦果椭圆形或长圆形，长达3毫米，宽达2.5毫米，无毛；果苞长达1-1.2厘米，宽0.8-1 (-1.3) 厘米，不规则歪卵形或不规则倒卵形，顶端不规则浅3裂，有时仅一侧有1小裂片，网脉常具3主脉，极少有时4-5主脉。花期（7月下旬-）8月上旬-9月，果熟期9-10月。
产西藏东南部至云南西北部（怒江流域）。生于岩坡、沙质山坡上、多石草坡中及北坡灌丛中或高山荒坡上，海拔3100-3700 (-4050) 米。模式标本采自云南贡山。
本种与西伯利亚败酱 P. sibirica (Linn.) Juss. 近似，但后者根茎常较粗壮，基生叶不同形，全缘不裂叶与羽状分裂叶或缺刻状齿裂叶并存；花柱较短，长仅3.7毫米，易于区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Patrinia speciosa Handel-Mazzetti Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 61: 21. 1924.
秀苞败酱 xiu bao bai jiang
Herbs, perennial, 8-30 cm tall. Rhizomes slender. Stems solitary, simple or sometimes branched, leafless or with 1 pair of leaves, sparsely villous. Basal leaves rosulate; petiole 1-2 cm, base sheathing; blade oblong-oblanceolate or ovate-elliptic, 3-10 × 2-3 cm, slightly glaucous abaxially, glabrous or sparsely villous adaxially, pinnatifid; segments 3-5-pairs, ovate or oblong-lanceolate, base decurrent, margin coarsely serrate, apex acute; terminal lobe larger. Cauline leaves ovate or ovate-oblong to oblong, 3-8 × 1.5-2.5 cm, pinnatifid. Inflorescence corymbiform, 3-10 cm in diam. at anthesis; lateral branches in ca. 3 pairs; peduncles sparsely hirsute; involucral bracts elliptic, oblong, or ovate-oblong to lanceolate, 2-6 × ca. 2 cm, serrate, pinnatilobate or pinnatifid, reduced apically; bracts ovate-oblong to obovate, 2.5-3 × 1.4-1.7 mm, apex usually unequally 2-lobed. Calyx lobes ovate-lanceolate, ovate, obovate, or oblanceolate, 0.2-1.6 mm, usually 1 or 2 prominently enlarged in fruit. Corolla yellow, campanulate, 5.5-6 mm; tube ca. 3 mm, 2.6-2.8 mm in diam. distally; lobes elliptic or obovate to ovate, ca. 2.5 × 2.5-3 mm. Stamens 4, exserted; longer filaments ca. 7.5 mm, shorter filaments ca. 6.5 mm; anthers oblong, 1.2-1.4 mm. Achenes ellipsoid or oblong, 3-4 × 2-3 mm; bracteoles irregularly obliquely ovate or obliquely obovate, occasionally 10-12 × 8-13 mm, 3(-5)-veined, apex shallowly 3-lobed, sometimes only one lateral side with 2 lobes. Fl. late Jul-Sep, fr. Sep-Oct.
● Stony, grassy, and/or sandy slopes, thickets; 3100-4100 m. SE Xizang (Bomi, Mêdog, Zayü), NW Yunnan (Gongshan).