花点草Nanocnide japonica Bl.
花点草Nanocnide japonica Bl.
1.花点草（江苏植物名录）高墩草（云南）图版4: 1-5
Nanocnide japonica Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2: 155, t. 17. 1856; Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. 290, t. 9B. 1856, et in DC. Prodr. 16 (1): 69. 1869; Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 22: 241. 1876; C. H. Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 473. 1899; Pritz. in Bot. Jahrb. 29: 300. 1900; Matsum. et Hayata in Journ. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 22: 381. 1906; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 117. 1929; Plei in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sei. Soc. China 8: 92. 1932; Belval, Fl. Ngan-Hoei. 123. 1933; Chien in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. China 9: 258. 1934, p. p.; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 438. 1956; 江苏南部种子植物手册225, 图349. 1956; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 506, 图1011. 1972; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 103, 图87. 1974; 湖北植物志1: 159, 图203. 1976; T. S. Liu et W. D. Huang in Fl. Taiwan 2: 200, pl. 266. 1976; 云南种子植物名录, 上册, 727. 1984; 安徽植物志2: 116, 图380. 1986; 贵州植物志4: 6, 图版2. 1989. ——N. dichotomaChien in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China 9 (2): 142, f. 16. 1934, syn. nov.
多年生小草本。茎直立，自基部分枝，下部多少匍匐，高10-25（-45)厘米，常半透明，黄绿色，有时上部带紫色，被向上倾斜的微硬毛。叶三角状卵形或近扇形，长1. 5-3（-4）厘米，宽1. 3-2.7 (-4)厘米，先端钝圆，基部宽楔形、圆形或近截形，边缘每边具4-7枚圆齿或粗牙齿，茎下部的叶较小，扇形或三角形，基部截形或浅心形，上面翠绿色，疏生紧贴的小刺毛，下面浅绿色，有时带紫色，疏生短柔毛，钟乳体短杆状，两面均明显，基出脉3-5条，次级脉与细脉呈二叉状分枝；茎下部的叶柄较长；托叶膜质，宽卵形，长约1-1.5毫米，具缘毛。雄花序为多回二歧聚伞花序，生于枝的顶部叶腋，直径1.5-4厘米，疏松，具长梗，长过叶，花序梗被向上倾斜的毛；雌花序密集成团伞花序，直径3-6毫米，具短梗。雄花具梗，紫红色，直径2-3毫米；花被5深裂，裂片卵形，长约1.5毫米，背面近中部有横向的鸡冠状突起物，其上缘生长毛；雄蕊5枚；退化雌蕊宽倒卵形，长约0.5毫米。雌花长约1毫米，花被绿色，不等４深裂，外面一对生于雌蕊的背腹面，较大，倒卵状船形，稍长于子房，具龙骨状突起，先端有1-2根透明长刺毛，背面和边缘疏生短毛；内面一对裂片，生于雌蕊的两侧，长倒卵形，较窄小，顶生一根透明长刺毛。瘦果卵形，黄褐色，长约1毫米，有疣点状突起。花期4-5月，果期6-7月。
产台湾、福建、浙江、江苏、安徽、江西、湖北、湖南、贵州、云南东部、四川、陕西和甘肃。生于山谷林下和石缝阴湿处，海拔100-1 600米。也分布于日本和朝鲜。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 5 (2003)
Nanocnide japonica Blume
花点草 hua dian cao
Nanocnide dichotoma S. S. Chien.
Herbs perennial. Stems yellow-green, but purplish near base, erect, often basally branched, 10-45 cm tall, somewhat succulent; stems and petioles antrorsely hirsute. Stipules broadly ovate, 1-1.5 mm, ciliate; petiole 1-5 cm; leaf blade triangular-ovate or rhombic-ovate, 1.5-4 × 1.3-4 cm, proximal leaves subflabellate, small, 3-5-veined, secondary and final veins dichotomously branched, adaxial surface greenish, sparsely covered with short, appressed stinging hairs, abaxial surface light green, sometimes purplish, sparsely puberulent, base broadly cuneate, rounded, or truncate, margin deeply 4-7-crenate-dentate, apex obtuse; cystoliths botuliform, conspicuous on both surfaces. Male inflorescences in distal axils, cymose, many times dichotomously branched, longer than leaves, long pedunculate, antrorsely hirsute on axes. Female inflorescences in clusters, shortly pedunculate, 3-6 mm in diam. Male flowers purplish, pedicellate, in bud 2-3 mm; perianth lobes 5, ovate, ca. 1.5 mm, setulose below apex; stamens 5; rudimentary ovary broadly ovoid, ca. 0.5 mm. Female flowers greenish, ca. 1 mm; perianth lobes 4, unequal, outer 2 larger, boat-shaped, keeled, 1.2 mm, apex with 1 or 2 stinging hairs, inner 2 narrowly obovate, ca. 1 mm, apex with 1 or 2 stinging hairs. Achene broadly ovoid, ca. 1 mm, verrucose. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jun-Jul.
Shady, moist places in forests, rock crevices, along streams; 100-1600 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, E Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].
【拼音名】 Huā Diǎn Cǎo
【别名】 幼油草
【来源】 荨麻科花点草属植物花点草Nanocnide japonica Blume的全草。夏秋采收，晒干。
【性味】 酸，温。
【功能主治】 化痰止咳，止血。用于咳嗽，咯血。
【用法用量】 1～2两。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》
别名：倒剥麻;高墩草;日本花点草;幼油草;
科名：荨麻科 Urticaceae
属名：花点草属 Nanocnide
1.花点草（江苏植物名录）高墩草（云南）图版4: 1-5
Nanocnide japonica Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2: 155, t. 17. 1856; Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. 290, t. 9B. 1856, et in DC. Prodr. 16 (1): 69. 1869; Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 22: 241. 1876; C. H. Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 473. 1899; Pritz. in Bot. Jahrb. 29: 300. 1900; Matsum. et Hayata in Journ. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 22: 381. 1906; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 117. 1929; Plei in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sei. Soc. China 8: 92. 1932; Belval, Fl. Ngan-Hoei. 123. 1933; Chien in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. China 9: 258. 1934, p. p.; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 438. 1956; 江苏南部种子植物手册225, 图349. 1956; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 506, 图1011. 1972; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 103, 图87. 1974; 湖北植物志1: 159, 图203. 1976; T. S. Liu et W. D. Huang in Fl. Taiwan 2: 200, pl. 266. 1976; 云南种子植物名录, 上册, 727. 1984; 安徽植物志2: 116, 图380. 1986; 贵州植物志4: 6, 图版2. 1989. ——N. dichotomaChien in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China 9 (2): 142, f. 16. 1934, syn. nov.
多年生小草本。茎直立，自基部分枝，下部多少匍匐，高10-25（-45)厘米，常半透明，黄绿色，有时上部带紫色，被向上倾斜的微硬毛。叶三角状卵形或近扇形，长1. 5-3（-4）厘米，宽1. 3-2.7 (-4)厘米，先端钝圆，基部宽楔形、圆形或近截形，边缘每边具4-7枚圆齿或粗牙齿，茎下部的叶较小，扇形或三角形，基部截形或浅心形，上面翠绿色，疏生紧贴的小刺毛，下面浅绿色，有时带紫色，疏生短柔毛，钟乳体短杆状，两面均明显，基出脉3-5条，次级脉与细脉呈二叉状分枝；茎下部的叶柄较长；托叶膜质，宽卵形，长约1-1.5毫米，具缘毛。雄花序为多回二歧聚伞花序，生于枝的顶部叶腋，直径1.5-4厘米，疏松，具长梗，长过叶，花序梗被向上倾斜的毛；雌花序密集成团伞花序，直径3-6毫米，具短梗。雄花具梗，紫红色，直径2-3毫米；花被5深裂，裂片卵形，长约1.5毫米，背面近中部有横向的鸡冠状突起物，其上缘生长毛；雄蕊5枚；退化雌蕊宽倒卵形，长约0.5毫米。雌花长约1毫米，花被绿色，不等４深裂，外面一对生于雌蕊的背腹面，较大，倒卵状船形，稍长于子房，具龙骨状突起，先端有1-2根透明长刺毛，背面和边缘疏生短毛；内面一对裂片，生于雌蕊的两侧，长倒卵形，较窄小，顶生一根透明长刺毛。瘦果卵形，黄褐色，长约1毫米，有疣点状突起。花期4-5月，果期6-7月。
产台湾、福建、浙江、江苏、安徽、江西、湖北、湖南、贵州、云南东部、四川、陕西和甘肃。生于山谷林下和石缝阴湿处，海拔100-1 600米。也分布于日本和朝鲜。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 5 (2003)
Nanocnide japonica Blume
花点草 hua dian cao
Nanocnide dichotoma S. S. Chien.
Herbs perennial. Stems yellow-green, but purplish near base, erect, often basally branched, 10-45 cm tall, somewhat succulent; stems and petioles antrorsely hirsute. Stipules broadly ovate, 1-1.5 mm, ciliate; petiole 1-5 cm; leaf blade triangular-ovate or rhombic-ovate, 1.5-4 × 1.3-4 cm, proximal leaves subflabellate, small, 3-5-veined, secondary and final veins dichotomously branched, adaxial surface greenish, sparsely covered with short, appressed stinging hairs, abaxial surface light green, sometimes purplish, sparsely puberulent, base broadly cuneate, rounded, or truncate, margin deeply 4-7-crenate-dentate, apex obtuse; cystoliths botuliform, conspicuous on both surfaces. Male inflorescences in distal axils, cymose, many times dichotomously branched, longer than leaves, long pedunculate, antrorsely hirsute on axes. Female inflorescences in clusters, shortly pedunculate, 3-6 mm in diam. Male flowers purplish, pedicellate, in bud 2-3 mm; perianth lobes 5, ovate, ca. 1.5 mm, setulose below apex; stamens 5; rudimentary ovary broadly ovoid, ca. 0.5 mm. Female flowers greenish, ca. 1 mm; perianth lobes 4, unequal, outer 2 larger, boat-shaped, keeled, 1.2 mm, apex with 1 or 2 stinging hairs, inner 2 narrowly obovate, ca. 1 mm, apex with 1 or 2 stinging hairs. Achene broadly ovoid, ca. 1 mm, verrucose. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jun-Jul.
Shady, moist places in forests, rock crevices, along streams; 100-1600 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, E Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].
【拼音名】 Huā Diǎn Cǎo
【别名】 幼油草
【来源】 荨麻科花点草属植物花点草Nanocnide japonica Blume的全草。夏秋采收，晒干。
【性味】 酸，温。
【功能主治】 化痰止咳，止血。用于咳嗽，咯血。
【用法用量】 1～2两。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》