珠芽艾麻Laportea bulbifera (Sieb. et Zucc.) Wedd.
珠芽艾麻Laportea bulbifera (Sieb. et Zucc.) Wedd.
1.珠芽艾麻（东北草本植物志）零余子荨麻（中国植物图鉴），铁秤铊、火麻（陕西、甘肃），珠芽螫麻（秦岭植物志），顶花螫麻（湖北植物志）图版5：1-5
Laportea bulbifera (Sieb. et Zucc.) Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. 139. 1856, et in DC. Prodr. 16 (1): 82. 1869; Kom. Fl. Mansh. 2: 97. 1903; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 117. 1929; Chien in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China 9: 258. 1934; A. Jarmolenko in Kom. Fl. URSS 5: 395. 1936; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 436. 1956; 东北草本植物志2: 6, 图5. 1959; Chew in Gard. Bull. Singapore 25: 121, f. 2. 1969; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 507.图1013. 1972; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 104, 图88. 1974; 湖北植物志1: 161, 图206. 1976, p. p. excl. syn. F. interrupta; 西藏植物志1: 533; 图170 (6-9). 1982, p. p.; 安徽植物志2: 113. 1986; 贵州植物志4: 10, 图版3 (1-4). 1989; ——U. bulbi fera Sieb. et Zucc. in Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Math. Phys. 4 (3): 214. 1846. ——L. terminalis Wight, Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. 6: 9, t. 1972. 1853; Wedd. 1. c. 125, t. 2, c. 1856; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 549. 1888; Hand.-Mazz. 1. c. 116. 1929; Hara, Fl. E. Himal. 60. 1966; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 105. 1974; Grierson et Long, Fl. Bhutan t (1): 110. fig. 11 (9). 1983; 河南植物志1: 288. 1981; 云南种子植物名录, 上册, 725. 1984.——L. oleracea Wedd. 1. c. 141. 1856, et 87. 1869; Hook. f. 1. c. 5: 549. 1888; C. H. Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 474. 1899; Chien in Bull. Chin. Bot. Soc. 1 (1): 2. 1935; 云南种子植物名录, 上册, 725. 1984. ——L. sinensis C. H. Wright 1. c. 474. 1899; Hand.-Mazz. 1. c. 117. 1929; Chien in 1. c. 9: 256. 1934.——Boehmeria bodinieri Levl. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 550. 1913. ——L. bulbifera (Sieb. et Zucc.) Wedd. var. sinensis Chien in Bull. Chin. Bot. Soc. 1 (1): 1. 1935, syn. nov. ——L. dielsii auct. non Pampan.: 湖北植物志1: 161, 图205. 1976, p. min. p.
《Flora of China》 Vol. 5 (2003)
Laportea bulbifera (Siebold & Zuccarini) Weddell
珠芽艾麻 zhu ya ai ma
Urtica bulbifera Siebold & Zuccarini, Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. K?nigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(3): 214. 1846; Boehmeria bodinieri H. Léveillé; Laportea bulbifera subsp. dielsii (Pampanini) C. J. Chen; L. bulbifera subsp. latiuscula C. J. Chen; L. bulbifera subsp. rugosa C. J. Chen; L. bulbifera var. sinensis S. S. Chien; L. dielsii Pampanini; L. elevata C. J. Chen; L. oleracea Weddell; L. sinensis C. H. Wright; L. terminalis Wight.
Herbs monoecious, rarely dioecious. Stems often caespitose, slightly woody at base, 50-150 cm tall, upper stems often zigzagged, 5-angled, rarely branched, axils often with 1-3 woody bulbils, 3-6 mm in diam.; upper stems and petioles pubescent and sparsely armed with stinging hairs, particularly at nodes and apically, glabrescent. Leaves whorled at stem apex or not; stipules early caducous, oblong-lanceolate, 5-10 mm, apex 2-cleft 1/2 of length; petiole 1.5-10 cm; leaf blade light green abaxially, lanceolate to ovate or cordate, sometimes orbicular, 6-16 × 2.5-8 cm, papery, 3-veined, lateral basal pair reaching middle margin, lateral veins 4-6 each side of midvein, reaching teeth or anastomosing before margin, abaxial surface pubescent, veins sparsely armed with stinging hairs, particularly at base, adaxial surface appressed hirtellous and with sparse, stinging hairs, base broadly cuneate, rounded, rarely shallowly cordate, margin crenate, dentate or serrate, apex acuminate; cystoliths minutely punctiform, adaxially conspicuous. Male inflorescences in proximal axils, paniculate, 3-10 cm; female inflorescences terminal or in subterminal axils, 10-25 cm, peduncle 3-10 cm, often with flowers along 1 side. Male flowers pedicellate or subsessile, in bud ca. 1 mm; perianth lobes 5, oblong-ovate, puberulent, apex not corniculate; stamens 5; rudimentary ovary obpyramidal, 0.5 mm. Female flowers: pedicel 2-4 mm, strongly laterally winged; perianth lobes 4, almost free, strongly unequal, dorsal lobe concave, ca. 0.5 mm, 2 lateral larger, enclosing the ovary, oblong-ovate, 1/3-1 × as long as achene, abaxially setulose with stinging hairs, ventral lobe smallest, triangular-ovate, ca. 0.3 mm. Ovary stipitate, asymmetrically ovoid; stigma reflexed, filiform, 2-4 mm. Achene minutely purplish spotted, broadly obovoid or semiorbicular, strongly compressed, 1.5-3 mm in diam., smooth, rarely rugose-striate; pedicel winged, spatulate to obovate, stipe ca. 0.5 mm, strongly reflexed; persistent lateral perianth lobes slightly enlarged, ca. 1.5 mm, investing ca. 1/2 of achene. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Aug-Dec.
Forest margins, thickets, roadsides, often partly shady, moist places; 700-3500 m. Anhui, N Fujian, Gansu, N Guangdong, N Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Heilongjiang, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Russia, Sikkim, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
别名：红活麻;珠芽螫麻;珠芽螯麻;治痹草;野绿麻根;野绿麻;小蜂麻;螫麻;麻子;零馀子荨麻;艾麻;红藿麻;红禾麻;禾麻草;顶花螫麻;零余子荨麻;艾麻草;珠芽桑叶麻;华中艾麻;珠牙螫麻;螯麻子;顶花艾麻;螯野麻;珠牙艾麻;中华艾麻;蜇麻;火麻;牡丹三七;米糙;麻风草;零余子菜麻;食用艾麻;核果艾麻;鸡爪活麻;红小麻;螫麻子;铁秤砣;
科名：荨麻科 Urticaceae
属名：艾麻属 Laportea
1.珠芽艾麻（东北草本植物志）零余子荨麻（中国植物图鉴），铁秤铊、火麻（陕西、甘肃），珠芽螫麻（秦岭植物志），顶花螫麻（湖北植物志）图版5：1-5
Laportea bulbifera (Sieb. et Zucc.) Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. 139. 1856, et in DC. Prodr. 16 (1): 82. 1869; Kom. Fl. Mansh. 2: 97. 1903; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 117. 1929; Chien in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China 9: 258. 1934; A. Jarmolenko in Kom. Fl. URSS 5: 395. 1936; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 436. 1956; 东北草本植物志2: 6, 图5. 1959; Chew in Gard. Bull. Singapore 25: 121, f. 2. 1969; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 507.图1013. 1972; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 104, 图88. 1974; 湖北植物志1: 161, 图206. 1976, p. p. excl. syn. F. interrupta; 西藏植物志1: 533; 图170 (6-9). 1982, p. p.; 安徽植物志2: 113. 1986; 贵州植物志4: 10, 图版3 (1-4). 1989; ——U. bulbi fera Sieb. et Zucc. in Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Math. Phys. 4 (3): 214. 1846. ——L. terminalis Wight, Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. 6: 9, t. 1972. 1853; Wedd. 1. c. 125, t. 2, c. 1856; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 549. 1888; Hand.-Mazz. 1. c. 116. 1929; Hara, Fl. E. Himal. 60. 1966; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 105. 1974; Grierson et Long, Fl. Bhutan t (1): 110. fig. 11 (9). 1983; 河南植物志1: 288. 1981; 云南种子植物名录, 上册, 725. 1984.——L. oleracea Wedd. 1. c. 141. 1856, et 87. 1869; Hook. f. 1. c. 5: 549. 1888; C. H. Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 474. 1899; Chien in Bull. Chin. Bot. Soc. 1 (1): 2. 1935; 云南种子植物名录, 上册, 725. 1984. ——L. sinensis C. H. Wright 1. c. 474. 1899; Hand.-Mazz. 1. c. 117. 1929; Chien in 1. c. 9: 256. 1934.——Boehmeria bodinieri Levl. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 550. 1913. ——L. bulbifera (Sieb. et Zucc.) Wedd. var. sinensis Chien in Bull. Chin. Bot. Soc. 1 (1): 1. 1935, syn. nov. ——L. dielsii auct. non Pampan.: 湖北植物志1: 161, 图205. 1976, p. min. p.
《Flora of China》 Vol. 5 (2003)
Laportea bulbifera (Siebold & Zuccarini) Weddell
珠芽艾麻 zhu ya ai ma
Urtica bulbifera Siebold & Zuccarini, Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. K?nigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(3): 214. 1846; Boehmeria bodinieri H. Léveillé; Laportea bulbifera subsp. dielsii (Pampanini) C. J. Chen; L. bulbifera subsp. latiuscula C. J. Chen; L. bulbifera subsp. rugosa C. J. Chen; L. bulbifera var. sinensis S. S. Chien; L. dielsii Pampanini; L. elevata C. J. Chen; L. oleracea Weddell; L. sinensis C. H. Wright; L. terminalis Wight.
Herbs monoecious, rarely dioecious. Stems often caespitose, slightly woody at base, 50-150 cm tall, upper stems often zigzagged, 5-angled, rarely branched, axils often with 1-3 woody bulbils, 3-6 mm in diam.; upper stems and petioles pubescent and sparsely armed with stinging hairs, particularly at nodes and apically, glabrescent. Leaves whorled at stem apex or not; stipules early caducous, oblong-lanceolate, 5-10 mm, apex 2-cleft 1/2 of length; petiole 1.5-10 cm; leaf blade light green abaxially, lanceolate to ovate or cordate, sometimes orbicular, 6-16 × 2.5-8 cm, papery, 3-veined, lateral basal pair reaching middle margin, lateral veins 4-6 each side of midvein, reaching teeth or anastomosing before margin, abaxial surface pubescent, veins sparsely armed with stinging hairs, particularly at base, adaxial surface appressed hirtellous and with sparse, stinging hairs, base broadly cuneate, rounded, rarely shallowly cordate, margin crenate, dentate or serrate, apex acuminate; cystoliths minutely punctiform, adaxially conspicuous. Male inflorescences in proximal axils, paniculate, 3-10 cm; female inflorescences terminal or in subterminal axils, 10-25 cm, peduncle 3-10 cm, often with flowers along 1 side. Male flowers pedicellate or subsessile, in bud ca. 1 mm; perianth lobes 5, oblong-ovate, puberulent, apex not corniculate; stamens 5; rudimentary ovary obpyramidal, 0.5 mm. Female flowers: pedicel 2-4 mm, strongly laterally winged; perianth lobes 4, almost free, strongly unequal, dorsal lobe concave, ca. 0.5 mm, 2 lateral larger, enclosing the ovary, oblong-ovate, 1/3-1 × as long as achene, abaxially setulose with stinging hairs, ventral lobe smallest, triangular-ovate, ca. 0.3 mm. Ovary stipitate, asymmetrically ovoid; stigma reflexed, filiform, 2-4 mm. Achene minutely purplish spotted, broadly obovoid or semiorbicular, strongly compressed, 1.5-3 mm in diam., smooth, rarely rugose-striate; pedicel winged, spatulate to obovate, stipe ca. 0.5 mm, strongly reflexed; persistent lateral perianth lobes slightly enlarged, ca. 1.5 mm, investing ca. 1/2 of achene. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Aug-Dec.
Forest margins, thickets, roadsides, often partly shady, moist places; 700-3500 m. Anhui, N Fujian, Gansu, N Guangdong, N Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Heilongjiang, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Russia, Sikkim, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].