红皮糙果茶Camellia crapnelliana Tutch
红皮糙果茶Camellia crapnelliana Tutch
15. 红皮糙果茶 图版4: 1-5
Camellia crapnelliana Tutch. in Journ. Linn. Soc. London 37:63. 1904; Sealy Rev. Gen. Camellia 153. 1958;——Thea crapnelliana (Tutch.) Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 5: 238. 1924;——C. gigantocarpa Hu et Huang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10: 133. 1965; ——C. octopetala Hu l. c. 135. 1965; 杭州植物园通讯3: 30. 1986.
小乔木，高5-7米，树皮红色，嫩枝无毛。叶硬革质，倒卵状椭圆形至椭圆形，长8-12厘米，宽4-5厘米，先端短尖，尖头钝，基部楔形，上面深绿色，下面灰绿色，无毛，侧脉约6对，在上面不明显，在下面明显突起，边缘有细钝齿，叶柄长6-10毫米，无毛。花顶生，单花，直径7-10厘米，近无柄；苞片3片，紧贴着萼片；萼片5片，倒卵形，长1-1.7厘米，宽2厘米，外侧有茸毛，脱落；花冠白色，长4-4.5厘米，花瓣6-8片，倒卵形，长3-4厘米，宽1-2.2厘米，基部连生约4-5毫米，最外侧1-2片近离生，基部稍厚，革质，背面有毛；雄蕊长1.2厘米，多轮，无毛，外轮花丝与花瓣连生约5毫米；子房有毛，花柱3条，长1.5厘米，有毛。胚珠每室4-6个。蒴果球形，直径6-10厘米，果皮厚1-2厘米，干后疏松多孔隙，3室，每室有种子3-5个。
产香港、广西南部、福建、江西及浙江南部。模式标本采自香港栢架山海拔150米处。
本种近似糙果茶 C. furfuracea (Merr.) Coh. St, 但叶片椭圆形，花较大，直径7-10厘米，蒴果较大，直径6-10厘米，果皮最厚达2.5厘米，呈疏松的木栓质。种子供榨油，据称油质比普通油茶 C. oleifera Abel好，50公斤种子可榨油10公斤。
关于八瓣糙果茶C. octopetala Hu和本种的关系，除了花略小之外，叶片的质地，果实的大小，果皮的厚度，都很一致，而且香港产的标本，并非全属大花（8-10厘米）。中山大学标本室保存有刘榕森(Y. S. Lau) 1328，采自九龙西贡茅坪的标本，花的直径只有6厘米，叶片发亮，它和章绍尧7002采自浙江龙泉的标本C. octopetala Hu十分一致。因此本志仍把八瓣糙果茶作为红皮糙果茶的异名。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Camellia crapnelliana Tutcher
红皮糙果茶 hong pi cao guo cha
Camellia gigantocarpa Hu & T. C. Huang; C. latilimba Hu; C. multibracteata Hung T. Chang; C. octopetala Hu; Thea crapnelliana (Tutcher) Rehder.
Shrubs or trees, 2-10 m tall. Year-old branchlets reddish brown; current year branchlets green, glabrous. Petiole 6-12 mm, glabrous, adaxially channeled; leaf blade elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 7-19 × 3-6 cm, rigidly leathery, abaxially pale green and brown glandular punctate, adaxially dark green, midvein abaxially elevated and adaxially impressed, secondary veins 7-9 on each side of midvein, abaxially raised, and adaxially obscure, base cuneate to broadly cuneate, margin widely and obscurely denticulate, apex bluntly cuspidate. Flowers axillary or subterminal, solitary or paired, 4-10 cm in diam., subsessile. Bracteoles and sepals 7-13, ± persistent, semiorbicular to suborbicular, 0.3-2 cm, outside tawny tomentellate, inside glabrous. Petals 6-8, white, obovate to obovate-oblong, 3.5-6.5 × 2-4 cm, basally connate for 2-5 mm, apex rounded to emarginate. Stamens very numerous, 1.5-1.7 cm; filaments glabrous; outer filament whorl basally connate for ca. 5 mm. Ovary ca. 2 mm in diam., densely tomentose, 3-5-loculed; styles 3-5, distinct, ca. 1.5 cm, basally pubescent to tomentose. Capsule grayish brown, subglobose, 5-7(-12) cm in diam., 3(-5)-loculed with 3-5 seeds per locule; pericarp 5-10 mm thick, woody, furfuraceous, splitting into 3-5 valves; columella persistent, thick. Seeds brown, semiglobose, 1.5-2 cm in diam., glabrous. Fl. Dec-Jan, fr. Sep-Oct. 2n = 30*.
● Forests; 100-800 m. Fujian, Guangdong, S Guangxi, E Jiangxi, S Zhejiang.
别名：克氏茶;八瓣糙果茶;博白大果油茶;红皮油茶;
科名：山茶科 Theaceae
属名：山茶属 Camellia
15. 红皮糙果茶 图版4: 1-5
Camellia crapnelliana Tutch. in Journ. Linn. Soc. London 37:63. 1904; Sealy Rev. Gen. Camellia 153. 1958;——Thea crapnelliana (Tutch.) Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 5: 238. 1924;——C. gigantocarpa Hu et Huang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10: 133. 1965; ——C. octopetala Hu l. c. 135. 1965; 杭州植物园通讯3: 30. 1986.
小乔木，高5-7米，树皮红色，嫩枝无毛。叶硬革质，倒卵状椭圆形至椭圆形，长8-12厘米，宽4-5厘米，先端短尖，尖头钝，基部楔形，上面深绿色，下面灰绿色，无毛，侧脉约6对，在上面不明显，在下面明显突起，边缘有细钝齿，叶柄长6-10毫米，无毛。花顶生，单花，直径7-10厘米，近无柄；苞片3片，紧贴着萼片；萼片5片，倒卵形，长1-1.7厘米，宽2厘米，外侧有茸毛，脱落；花冠白色，长4-4.5厘米，花瓣6-8片，倒卵形，长3-4厘米，宽1-2.2厘米，基部连生约4-5毫米，最外侧1-2片近离生，基部稍厚，革质，背面有毛；雄蕊长1.2厘米，多轮，无毛，外轮花丝与花瓣连生约5毫米；子房有毛，花柱3条，长1.5厘米，有毛。胚珠每室4-6个。蒴果球形，直径6-10厘米，果皮厚1-2厘米，干后疏松多孔隙，3室，每室有种子3-5个。
产香港、广西南部、福建、江西及浙江南部。模式标本采自香港栢架山海拔150米处。
本种近似糙果茶 C. furfuracea (Merr.) Coh. St, 但叶片椭圆形，花较大，直径7-10厘米，蒴果较大，直径6-10厘米，果皮最厚达2.5厘米，呈疏松的木栓质。种子供榨油，据称油质比普通油茶 C. oleifera Abel好，50公斤种子可榨油10公斤。
关于八瓣糙果茶C. octopetala Hu和本种的关系，除了花略小之外，叶片的质地，果实的大小，果皮的厚度，都很一致，而且香港产的标本，并非全属大花（8-10厘米）。中山大学标本室保存有刘榕森(Y. S. Lau) 1328，采自九龙西贡茅坪的标本，花的直径只有6厘米，叶片发亮，它和章绍尧7002采自浙江龙泉的标本C. octopetala Hu十分一致。因此本志仍把八瓣糙果茶作为红皮糙果茶的异名。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Camellia crapnelliana Tutcher
红皮糙果茶 hong pi cao guo cha
Camellia gigantocarpa Hu & T. C. Huang; C. latilimba Hu; C. multibracteata Hung T. Chang; C. octopetala Hu; Thea crapnelliana (Tutcher) Rehder.
Shrubs or trees, 2-10 m tall. Year-old branchlets reddish brown; current year branchlets green, glabrous. Petiole 6-12 mm, glabrous, adaxially channeled; leaf blade elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 7-19 × 3-6 cm, rigidly leathery, abaxially pale green and brown glandular punctate, adaxially dark green, midvein abaxially elevated and adaxially impressed, secondary veins 7-9 on each side of midvein, abaxially raised, and adaxially obscure, base cuneate to broadly cuneate, margin widely and obscurely denticulate, apex bluntly cuspidate. Flowers axillary or subterminal, solitary or paired, 4-10 cm in diam., subsessile. Bracteoles and sepals 7-13, ± persistent, semiorbicular to suborbicular, 0.3-2 cm, outside tawny tomentellate, inside glabrous. Petals 6-8, white, obovate to obovate-oblong, 3.5-6.5 × 2-4 cm, basally connate for 2-5 mm, apex rounded to emarginate. Stamens very numerous, 1.5-1.7 cm; filaments glabrous; outer filament whorl basally connate for ca. 5 mm. Ovary ca. 2 mm in diam., densely tomentose, 3-5-loculed; styles 3-5, distinct, ca. 1.5 cm, basally pubescent to tomentose. Capsule grayish brown, subglobose, 5-7(-12) cm in diam., 3(-5)-loculed with 3-5 seeds per locule; pericarp 5-10 mm thick, woody, furfuraceous, splitting into 3-5 valves; columella persistent, thick. Seeds brown, semiglobose, 1.5-2 cm in diam., glabrous. Fl. Dec-Jan, fr. Sep-Oct. 2n = 30*.
● Forests; 100-800 m. Fujian, Guangdong, S Guangxi, E Jiangxi, S Zhejiang.