密花柽柳Tamarix arceuthoides Bunge
密花柽柳Tamarix arceuthoides Bunge
6.密花柽柳（中国高等植物图鉴）图版42：13-16
Tamarix arceuthoides Bunge in Mem. Acad sci. St. Petersb. Sav. Etr. 7: 295 (Beitr. Kenntn. Fl. Russl. Stepp. Centr. -As. 119. 1852.) 1854; Boiss. Fl. or.: 775. 1867; Rusan., Tamarisk of Centr. Asia 67. 1949; Gorschk, in Fl. URSS. 15: 312. 1949;中国高等植物图鉴2: 892 .图3514.1972。
灌木或为小乔木，高2-4（-5）米，老枝树皮浅红黄色或淡灰色，小枝开展，密生，一年生枝多向上直伸，树皮红紫色。绿色营养枝上的叶几抱茎，卵形、卵状披针形或几三角状卵形，长1-2毫米，宽0.6毫米，长渐尖或骤尖，鳞片状贴生或以直角向外伸，略下延，鲜绿色，边缘常为软骨质；木质化生长枝上的叶半抱茎，长卵形，短渐尖，多向外伸，略圆或锐下延，微具耳；总状花序主要生在当年生枝条上，长3-6（-9）厘米，宽2.5-4毫米，花小而着花极密，通常集生成簇，有时成稀疏的顶生圆锥花序，夏初出现，直到九月，有时（在山区）总状花序春天出生在去年的枝条上；苞片卵状钻形或条状披针形，针状渐尖，长1-1.5毫米，与花萼等长或甚至比花萼（包括花梗）长；花梗长0.5-0.7毫米，比花萼短或几等长；花萼深5裂，萼片卵状三角形，略钝，长0.5-0.7毫米，几短于花瓣的1/2，宽约0.3毫米，边缘膜质白色透亮，近全缘，外面两片较内面三片钝，花后紧包子房；花瓣5，充分开展，倒卵形或椭圆形，长1-1.7（-2）毫米，宽0.5毫米，花白色或粉红色至紫色，早落；花盘深5裂，每裂片顶端常凹缺或再深裂成10裂片，裂片常呈紫红色；雄蕊5，花丝细长，常超出花瓣1.2-2倍，通常着生花盘二裂片间，花药小，钝或有时具短尖头；雌蕊子房长圆锥形，长0.7-1.3毫米，花柱3，短，约为子房长的1/2-1/3；蒴果小而狭细，长约3毫米，粗0.7毫米，高出紧贴蒴果的萼片4-6倍。花期5-9月，6月最 盛。
产新疆（天山及山前）、甘肃（河西祁连山山前）。生山地和山前河流两旁的沙砾戈壁滩上及季节性流水的干砂、砾质河床上，地下水为埋藏不深的淡水。分布于苏联（中亚）、伊拉克、伊朗、阿富汗、巴基斯坦和蒙古。模式标本采自苏联哈萨克斯坦。
本种是荒漠山区和山前开花时间最长，最美丽的树种，可作山区和山前河流两岸.砂砾质戈壁滩上优良的绿化造林树种。枝叶是羊的好饲料，亦可作薪材用。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 13 (2007)
Tamarix arceuthoides Bunge
密花柽柳 mi hua cheng liu
Shrubs or small trees, 2-4(-5) m tall. Branchlets spreading, dense; branches of current year mostly ascending. Leaves of vegetative branches subamplexicaul, ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or nearly triangular-ovate, 1-2 × ca. 0.6 mm, base slightly decurrent, margin often cartilaginous, apex long acuminate or acute; those of growing branches semiamplexicaul, narrowly ovate, base subrounded or decurrent, faintly auriculate, apex shortly acuminate. Racemes mostly in branches of current year, 3-6(-9) cm × 2.5-4 mm; flowers small and dense, usually clustered in fascicles, sometimes in lax terminal panicles, appearing in early summer and lasting to September, sometimes (in mountain areas) racemes appearing in spring on branches of previous year; bracts ovate-subulate or linear-lanceolate, 1-1.5 mm, equaling or exceeding calyx, apex acuminate. Pedicels 0.5-0.7 mm, shorter than or subequaling calyx. Calyx 5-fid; sepals ovate-triangular, 0.5-0.7 × ca. 0.3 mm, ca. 1/2 shorter than petals, margin membranous, subentire, apex slightly obtuse; outer 2 more obtuse than inner 3, tightly enveloping ovary after anthesis. Petals 5, completely open, white or pink to purple, obovate or elliptic, 1-1.7(-2) × ca. 0.5 mm, deciduous after anthesis. Disk often purple-red, 5-fid; lobes often retuse at apex or deeply subdivided into 10 lobules. Stamens 5; filaments long, often 1.2-2 × exceeding petals, slender, usually inserted between disk lobes; anthers small, apex obtuse or sometimes mucronate. Ovary narrowly conic, 0.7-1.3 mm; styles 3, short, 1/3-1/2 as long as ovary. Capsule small, ca. 3 mm, narrow. Fl. May-Sep. 2n = 24*.
River banks in Gobi Desert. Gansu, Xinjiang [Afghanistan, Mongolia, Pakistan; C and SW Asia].
别名：桧状柽柳;山川柽柳;
科名：柽柳科 Tamaricaceae
属名：柽柳属 Tamarix
6.密花柽柳（中国高等植物图鉴）图版42：13-16
Tamarix arceuthoides Bunge in Mem. Acad sci. St. Petersb. Sav. Etr. 7: 295 (Beitr. Kenntn. Fl. Russl. Stepp. Centr. -As. 119. 1852.) 1854; Boiss. Fl. or.: 775. 1867; Rusan., Tamarisk of Centr. Asia 67. 1949; Gorschk, in Fl. URSS. 15: 312. 1949;中国高等植物图鉴2: 892 .图3514.1972。
灌木或为小乔木，高2-4（-5）米，老枝树皮浅红黄色或淡灰色，小枝开展，密生，一年生枝多向上直伸，树皮红紫色。绿色营养枝上的叶几抱茎，卵形、卵状披针形或几三角状卵形，长1-2毫米，宽0.6毫米，长渐尖或骤尖，鳞片状贴生或以直角向外伸，略下延，鲜绿色，边缘常为软骨质；木质化生长枝上的叶半抱茎，长卵形，短渐尖，多向外伸，略圆或锐下延，微具耳；总状花序主要生在当年生枝条上，长3-6（-9）厘米，宽2.5-4毫米，花小而着花极密，通常集生成簇，有时成稀疏的顶生圆锥花序，夏初出现，直到九月，有时（在山区）总状花序春天出生在去年的枝条上；苞片卵状钻形或条状披针形，针状渐尖，长1-1.5毫米，与花萼等长或甚至比花萼（包括花梗）长；花梗长0.5-0.7毫米，比花萼短或几等长；花萼深5裂，萼片卵状三角形，略钝，长0.5-0.7毫米，几短于花瓣的1/2，宽约0.3毫米，边缘膜质白色透亮，近全缘，外面两片较内面三片钝，花后紧包子房；花瓣5，充分开展，倒卵形或椭圆形，长1-1.7（-2）毫米，宽0.5毫米，花白色或粉红色至紫色，早落；花盘深5裂，每裂片顶端常凹缺或再深裂成10裂片，裂片常呈紫红色；雄蕊5，花丝细长，常超出花瓣1.2-2倍，通常着生花盘二裂片间，花药小，钝或有时具短尖头；雌蕊子房长圆锥形，长0.7-1.3毫米，花柱3，短，约为子房长的1/2-1/3；蒴果小而狭细，长约3毫米，粗0.7毫米，高出紧贴蒴果的萼片4-6倍。花期5-9月，6月最 盛。
产新疆（天山及山前）、甘肃（河西祁连山山前）。生山地和山前河流两旁的沙砾戈壁滩上及季节性流水的干砂、砾质河床上，地下水为埋藏不深的淡水。分布于苏联（中亚）、伊拉克、伊朗、阿富汗、巴基斯坦和蒙古。模式标本采自苏联哈萨克斯坦。
本种是荒漠山区和山前开花时间最长，最美丽的树种，可作山区和山前河流两岸.砂砾质戈壁滩上优良的绿化造林树种。枝叶是羊的好饲料，亦可作薪材用。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 13 (2007)
Tamarix arceuthoides Bunge
密花柽柳 mi hua cheng liu
Shrubs or small trees, 2-4(-5) m tall. Branchlets spreading, dense; branches of current year mostly ascending. Leaves of vegetative branches subamplexicaul, ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or nearly triangular-ovate, 1-2 × ca. 0.6 mm, base slightly decurrent, margin often cartilaginous, apex long acuminate or acute; those of growing branches semiamplexicaul, narrowly ovate, base subrounded or decurrent, faintly auriculate, apex shortly acuminate. Racemes mostly in branches of current year, 3-6(-9) cm × 2.5-4 mm; flowers small and dense, usually clustered in fascicles, sometimes in lax terminal panicles, appearing in early summer and lasting to September, sometimes (in mountain areas) racemes appearing in spring on branches of previous year; bracts ovate-subulate or linear-lanceolate, 1-1.5 mm, equaling or exceeding calyx, apex acuminate. Pedicels 0.5-0.7 mm, shorter than or subequaling calyx. Calyx 5-fid; sepals ovate-triangular, 0.5-0.7 × ca. 0.3 mm, ca. 1/2 shorter than petals, margin membranous, subentire, apex slightly obtuse; outer 2 more obtuse than inner 3, tightly enveloping ovary after anthesis. Petals 5, completely open, white or pink to purple, obovate or elliptic, 1-1.7(-2) × ca. 0.5 mm, deciduous after anthesis. Disk often purple-red, 5-fid; lobes often retuse at apex or deeply subdivided into 10 lobules. Stamens 5; filaments long, often 1.2-2 × exceeding petals, slender, usually inserted between disk lobes; anthers small, apex obtuse or sometimes mucronate. Ovary narrowly conic, 0.7-1.3 mm; styles 3, short, 1/3-1/2 as long as ovary. Capsule small, ca. 3 mm, narrow. Fl. May-Sep. 2n = 24*.
River banks in Gobi Desert. Gansu, Xinjiang [Afghanistan, Mongolia, Pakistan; C and SW Asia].