栏目

木瓜红Rehderodendron macrocarpum Hu

木瓜红Rehderodendron macrocarpum Hu

别名:大果芮德木;大果芮特木;马边木瓜红;硕果芮德木;野草果;

科名:安息香科 Styracaceae

属名:木瓜红属 Rehderodendron

《中国植物志》第60(2)卷136页
  2.木瓜红(四川峨眉)野草果(云南文山),大果芮德木、硕果芮德木(中国植物图谱)图版46:7-10
  Rehderodendron macrocarpum Hu in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 3: 78. 321. Pl. 1. 1932 et 6: 175. 1935; Hu et Chun, Icon. Pl. Sm. 5:45. Pl. 245. 1937; Fang, Icon. Pl. Omei 1(1):Pl. 49. 1942: 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学 1001. 1937; 中国高等植物图鉴3: 333. 图4620. 1974; S. M. Hwang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(2): 166. 1980. ——R. mapienense Hu, op. cit. 3: 79. Pl. 2. 1932.
  小乔木,高7-10米,胸径约20厘米;树皮灰黑色;小枝紫红色,被毛,老枝灰黄色或灰褐色,无毛;冬芽卵形或长卵形,最外的鳞片被短柔毛。叶纸质至薄革质,长卵形、椭圆形或长圆状椭圆形,长9-13厘米,宽4-5.5厘米,顶端急尖或短渐尖,基部楔形或宽楔形,边缘有疏锯齿,上面绿色,下面灰绿色,叶脉常呈紫红色,除嫩叶脉上被星状柔毛外,其余无毛,侧脉每边7-13条,和网脉在两面均明显隆起;叶柄长1-1.5厘米,疏被星状柔毛。总状花序有花6-8朵,生于小枝下部叶腋,长4-5厘米;花序梗、花梗和小苞片外面均密被灰黄色星状柔毛;花白色,与叶同时开放;花梗长3-10毫米;小苞片披针形,着生于花梗近中部,长约5毫米,早落;花萼高约4毫米,宽约3毫米,萼齿三角形,顶端渐尖,长约2毫米,密被星状短柔毛;花冠裂片椭圆形或倒卵形,长1.5-1.8厘米,宽5-8毫米,顶端钝圆,两面均密被细绒毛;雄蕊长者较花冠稍长,短者与花冠近相等;花柱棒状,较雄蕊稍长。果实长圆形或长卵形,稍弯,长3.5-9厘米,宽2.5-3.5厘米,有8-10棱,棱间平滑,无毛,熟时红褐色,顶端收狭成脐状凸起,外果皮厚1.5毫米,中果皮纤维状木栓质,厚约10毫米,内果皮木质,向中果皮放射成许多间隙;种子长圆状线形,栗棕色,长2-2.5厘米。花期3-4月,果期7-9月。
  产四川(马边、峨眉、峨边)、云南(金平、文山、彝良)和广西(凌云)。生于海拔1000-15 00米密林中。模式标本采自四川峨眉山。
  木材致密,可作家具用材;果红色,花白色,美丽芳香,可作绿化观赏树种。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 15 (1996)
Rehderodendron macrocarpum  Hu
木瓜红   mu gua hong
Rehderodendron mapienense Hu.
Trees 7--10 m tall. Trunk to 20 cm d.b.h., bark dark gray. Branchlets purple stellate pubescent or glabrous. Winter buds ovate to oblong-ovate. Petiole 1--1.5 cm; leaf blade oblong-ovate, elliptic, or oblong-elliptic, 9--13 X 4--5.5 cm, abaxially glabrous but veins slightly pubescent, adaxially glabrescent, base cuneate, margin remotely serrate, apex acute to shortly acuminate, secondary veins 7--13 pairs, tertiary veins reticulate and conspicuously raised. Racemes 6--8-flowered, 4--5 cm, densely grayish stellate pubescent. Pedicel 3--10 mm. Flowers opening at same time as leaves. Calyx ca. 4 X 3 mm, densely stellate pubescent; teeth deltoid, ca. 2 mm, apex acuminate. Corolla lobes elliptic to obovate, 1.5--1.8 X 0.5--0.8 cm, apex obtuse. Fruit red-brown, cylindrical to cylindrical-ovoid, slightly curved, 3.5--9 X 2.5--3.5 cm, 8--10-ribbed, smooth between ribs, glabrous, exocarp ca. 1.5 mm thick, mesocarp ca. 1 cm thick, endocarp 3--4 mm thick. Seeds brown, 2--2.5 cm. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. Jul-Sep.
Dense forests; 1000--1500 m. Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan [Vietnam].

TOP