雁婆麻Helicteres hirsuta Lour.
雁婆麻Helicteres hirsuta Lour.
9.雁婆麻（海南）肖婆麻（海南）图版44：6-8
Helicteres hirsuta Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 530. 1790; DC. Prodr. 1: 426. 1824; Gagnep. in Lecte. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 490. 1911, Craib Fl. Siam. Enum. 1: 171. 19 25; Merr. in Lirgn. Sci. Journ. 5 (1-2): 127, 1927, et in Trans, Am. Philos. Soc. new ser. 24 (2): 264. 1935; 陈焕镛等, 海南植物志 2: 81. 1965; 中国高等植物图鉴 2: 830. 图3389, 1972. ——Helicteres spicata Colebr. ex Roxb. Hort: Beng. 97. 1814, nom. nud. ; Mast. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 366. 1874; Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 90. 1886; Dunn & Tutcher in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. Ser. 10: 50. 1912. ——Helicteres hispida F. ——Vill. Novis. App. 28. 1880.
灌木，高1-3米，小枝被星状柔毛。叶卵形或卵状矩圆形，长5-15厘米，宽2.5-5厘米，顶端渐尖或急尖，基部斜心形或截形，边缘有不规则的锯齿，两面均密被星状柔毛，尤于下面为甚，基生脉5条；叶柄长约2厘米，密被柔毛。聚伞花序腋生，伸长如穗状，不及叶长之半，通常仅有花数朵；花梗比花短，有关节，基部有早落的小苞片；萼管状，长12-15毫米，4-5裂，被短柔毛；花瓣5片，红色或红紫色，长2-2-5厘米；雌雄蕊柄无毛，雄蕊10枚，假雄蕊5枚，与花丝等长；子房5室，具乳头状小突起，花柱与子房等长，子房每室有胚珠约20-30个。成熟的蒴果圆柱状，长305, 4厘米，宽11-12毫米，顶端具喙，密被长绒毛和具乳头状突起；种子多数，直径约1-2毫米，表面多皱纹。花期4-9月。
产广东南部（茂名、海南）、广西南部（上金、明江）。生于旷野疏林中和灌丛中。印度、马来西亚、柬埔寨、老挝、越南、泰国，菲律宾等地也有分布。
本种的茎皮纤维可织麻袋和编绳。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Helicteres hirsuta Loureiro
雁婆麻 yan po ma
Helicteres spicata Colebrooke; H. spicata var. hainanensis Hance.
Shrubs, 1-3 m tall. Branchlets stellate. Petiole ca. 2 cm, densely tomentose; leaf blade ovate or ovate-oblong, 5-15 × 2.5-5 cm, both surfaces densely stellate puberulent, particularly abaxially, basal veins 5, base obliquely cordate or truncate, margin irregularly dentate, apex acuminate or acute. Inflorescence axillary, elongate, spikelike, one-sided, less than 1/2 as long as leaf blade, several-flowered. Pedicels shorter than flowers, articulate, with caducous epicalyx lobes at base. Calyx tubular, 12-15 mm, 4-5-lobed, puberulent. Petals red or red-purple, 2-2.5 cm, claw with pair of marginal teeth near apex. Androgyno-
phore glabrous. Stamens 10; staminodes 5, as long as filaments. Ovary verrucose; ovules 20-30 in each locule; style as long as ovary. Capsule long exserted on glabrous stalk, cylindric, 3.5-4 × 1.1-1.2 cm, apex beaked, densely villous and verrucose. Seeds numerous, 1-2 mm in diam., surface rugose. Fl. Apr-Sep.
Open forests, bushlands. Guangdong, S Guangxi, Hainan [Cambodia, India, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].
Helicteres hirsuta is sometimes cultivated.
别名：坡片麻公;硬毛山芝麻;大果山芝麻;肖婆麻;油麻甲;萧婆麻;坡油麻;坡麻;鞭爸;
科名：梧桐科 Sterculiaceae
属名：山芝麻属 Helicteres
9.雁婆麻（海南）肖婆麻（海南）图版44：6-8
Helicteres hirsuta Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 530. 1790; DC. Prodr. 1: 426. 1824; Gagnep. in Lecte. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 490. 1911, Craib Fl. Siam. Enum. 1: 171. 19 25; Merr. in Lirgn. Sci. Journ. 5 (1-2): 127, 1927, et in Trans, Am. Philos. Soc. new ser. 24 (2): 264. 1935; 陈焕镛等, 海南植物志 2: 81. 1965; 中国高等植物图鉴 2: 830. 图3389, 1972. ——Helicteres spicata Colebr. ex Roxb. Hort: Beng. 97. 1814, nom. nud. ; Mast. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 366. 1874; Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 90. 1886; Dunn & Tutcher in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. Ser. 10: 50. 1912. ——Helicteres hispida F. ——Vill. Novis. App. 28. 1880.
灌木，高1-3米，小枝被星状柔毛。叶卵形或卵状矩圆形，长5-15厘米，宽2.5-5厘米，顶端渐尖或急尖，基部斜心形或截形，边缘有不规则的锯齿，两面均密被星状柔毛，尤于下面为甚，基生脉5条；叶柄长约2厘米，密被柔毛。聚伞花序腋生，伸长如穗状，不及叶长之半，通常仅有花数朵；花梗比花短，有关节，基部有早落的小苞片；萼管状，长12-15毫米，4-5裂，被短柔毛；花瓣5片，红色或红紫色，长2-2-5厘米；雌雄蕊柄无毛，雄蕊10枚，假雄蕊5枚，与花丝等长；子房5室，具乳头状小突起，花柱与子房等长，子房每室有胚珠约20-30个。成熟的蒴果圆柱状，长305, 4厘米，宽11-12毫米，顶端具喙，密被长绒毛和具乳头状突起；种子多数，直径约1-2毫米，表面多皱纹。花期4-9月。
产广东南部（茂名、海南）、广西南部（上金、明江）。生于旷野疏林中和灌丛中。印度、马来西亚、柬埔寨、老挝、越南、泰国，菲律宾等地也有分布。
本种的茎皮纤维可织麻袋和编绳。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Helicteres hirsuta Loureiro
雁婆麻 yan po ma
Helicteres spicata Colebrooke; H. spicata var. hainanensis Hance.
Shrubs, 1-3 m tall. Branchlets stellate. Petiole ca. 2 cm, densely tomentose; leaf blade ovate or ovate-oblong, 5-15 × 2.5-5 cm, both surfaces densely stellate puberulent, particularly abaxially, basal veins 5, base obliquely cordate or truncate, margin irregularly dentate, apex acuminate or acute. Inflorescence axillary, elongate, spikelike, one-sided, less than 1/2 as long as leaf blade, several-flowered. Pedicels shorter than flowers, articulate, with caducous epicalyx lobes at base. Calyx tubular, 12-15 mm, 4-5-lobed, puberulent. Petals red or red-purple, 2-2.5 cm, claw with pair of marginal teeth near apex. Androgyno-
phore glabrous. Stamens 10; staminodes 5, as long as filaments. Ovary verrucose; ovules 20-30 in each locule; style as long as ovary. Capsule long exserted on glabrous stalk, cylindric, 3.5-4 × 1.1-1.2 cm, apex beaked, densely villous and verrucose. Seeds numerous, 1-2 mm in diam., surface rugose. Fl. Apr-Sep.
Open forests, bushlands. Guangdong, S Guangxi, Hainan [Cambodia, India, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].
Helicteres hirsuta is sometimes cultivated.