栏目

假烟叶树Solanum verbascifolium Linn.

假烟叶树Solanum verbascifolium Linn.

科名:茄科 Solanaceae

属名:茄属 Solanum

《中国植物志》第67(1)卷072页
  2.假烟叶树(广东海南)野烟叶(广东徐闻、广西桂林);土烟叶(广东高州);臭屎花(广东海南);袖钮果(广西南宁);大黄叶(亨利植物汉名汇);酱权树;三权树;大毛叶(云南景洪、玉溪);臭枇把(云南河口);天蓬草(云南征江);洗碗叶(云南腾冲、思茅);毛叶(云南河口、建水);大发散(云南思茅);戈吗嘿(傣语)图版18:1-8
  Solanum verbascifolium L. Sp. Pl. ed. 1: 184. 1753, et ed. 2: 263. 1762; Wight, Icon. Pl. Ind. Or. 4: f. 1398. 1848; Dunal in DC. Prodr. 13 (1): 114. 1852; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学增补版1103. 1953; 侯宽昭等, 广州植物志, 571. 1956.
  小乔木,高1.5-10米,小枝密被白色具柄头状簇绒毛。叶大而厚,卵状长圆形,长10-29厘米,宽4-12厘米,先端短渐尖,基部阔楔形或钝,上面绿色,被具短柄的3-6不等长分枝的簇绒毛,下面灰绿色,毛被较上面厚,被具柄的10-20不等长分枝的簇绒毛,全缘或略作波状,侧脉每边7-9条,叶柄粗壮,长约1.5 -5.5厘米,密被与叶下面相似的毛被。聚伞花序多花,形成近顶生圆锥状平顶花序,总花梗长3-10厘米,花梗长3-5毫米,均密被与叶下面相似的毛被。花白色,直径约1.5厘米,萼钟形,直径约1厘米,外面密被与花梗相似的毛被,内面被疏柔毛及少数簇绒毛,5半裂,萼齿卵形,长约3毫米,中脉明显;花冠筒隐于萼内,长约2毫米,冠檐深5裂,裂片长圆形,端尖,长6-7毫米,宽3-4毫米,中脉明显,在外面被星状簇绒毛,雄蕊5枚,花丝长约1毫米,花药长约为花丝长度的2倍,顶孔略向内;子房卵形,直径约2毫米,密被硬毛状簇绒毛,花柱光滑,长约4-6毫米,柱头头状。浆果球状,具宿存萼,直径约1.2厘米,黄褐色,初被星状簇绒毛,后渐脱落。种子扁平,直径约1-2毫米。几全年开花结果。
  产四川、贵州、云南、广西、广东、福建和台湾诸省,常见于荒山荒地灌丛中,海拔300-2100米。广泛分布于热带亚洲,大洋洲,南美洲。
  根皮入药,性温、味苦、有毒。有消炎解毒、祛风散表之功。可以敷疮毒,洗癣疥。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 17 (1994)
Solanum erianthum  D. Don
假烟叶树   jia yan ye shu
Shrubs or small trees 1.5-10 m tall, unarmed, stellate tomentose overall. Petiole stout, 1.5-5.5 cm; leaf blade ovate-oblong or elliptic, 10-29 × 4-12 cm, base cuneate or obtuse, entire or sinuate, apex short acuminate. Inflorescences erect, appearing terminal, flat-topped or rounded panicles; peduncle 3-10 cm. Pedicel 3-5 mm. Calyx campanulate, ca. 1 cm in diam.; lobes ovate, ca. 3 mm. Corolla white; lobes oblong, 6-7 × 3-4 mm. Filaments ca. 1 mm; anthers ca. 2 mm. Style glabrous, 4-6 mm. Berry yellow-brown, globose, ca. 1.2 cm in diam. Seeds compressed, 1-2 mm in diam. Fl. and fr. nearly throughout the year.
Waste places, thickets; 300-2100 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, [native of South America, widespread in tropical Asia and Oceania]
This species was long known as Solanum verbascifolium Linnaeus, which has been shown to be a different plant now known as S. donianum Walpers.

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