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爬岩红Veronicastrum axillare (Sieb. et Zucc.) Yamazaki

爬岩红Veronicastrum axillare (Sieb. et Zucc.) Yamazaki

别名:仙桥草;肥水草;两头粘;腹水草;钓鱼杆;光叶腹水草;两头爬;爬红岩;仙人搭桥;腋生腹水草;腋花腹水草;钓竿藤;两头镇;钓鱼竿;多穗草;两头生根;

科名:玄参科 Scrophulariaceae

属名:腹水草属 Veronicastrum

《中国植物志》第67(2)卷239页
  6. 爬岩红(浙江地方名、中国高等植物图鉴) 钓鱼杆、多穗草 图66
  Veronicastrum axillare (Sieb. et Zucc.) Yamazaki, Journ. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, sect. 3. 7: 130. f. 20. 5 et 6, 1957. ——Paederota axillaris Sieb. et Zucc. Alh. Akad. Muech. 4, 3: 144. 1846. ——Calorhobdos axillaris (Sieb. et Zucc.) Benth. et Hook. f. ex S. Moore, Journ. Bot, 230. 1875, excl. specim.——Botryopleuron axillare (Sieb. et Zucc.) Hemsl. Hook. Icon. Pl. sub tab. 2670, 1900. quoad. nom. ——Calorhabdos venosa Hemsl. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 197. 1890. P. P. quoad specim. Chekiang. ——Botryopleuron venosum Hemsl. Hook. Icon. Pl. sub tab. 2670, 1900. p. p. ——Calorhabdos simadai Masamune, Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formos. 32: 3. 1942. ——Veronicastrum simadai (Masamune) Yamazaki, 1. c. sect. 3. 7: 128. f. 20, 1 et 2, 1957. ——Botryopleuron formosanum Masamune, Journ. Trop. Agr. 3: 114. 1931.
  根状茎短而横走。茎弓曲,顶端着地生根,圆柱形,中上部有条棱,无毛或极少在棱处有疏毛。叶互生,叶片纸质,无毛,卵形至卵状披针形,长5-12厘米,顶端渐尖,边缘具偏斜的三角状锯齿。花序腋生,极少顶生于侧枝上,长1-3厘米;苞片和花萼裂片条状披针形至钻形,无毛或有疏睫毛;花冠紫色或紫红色,长4-5毫米,裂片长近2毫米,狭三角形;雄蕊略伸出至伸出达2毫米,花药长0.6-1.5毫米。萼果卵球状,长约3毫米。种子矩圆状,长0.6毫米,有不甚明显的网纹。花期7-9月。
  分布于江苏南部、安徽(舒城)、浙江、江西、福建、广东(乳源)、台湾(新竹)。日本也有。生于林下、林缘草地及山谷阴湿处。
  药用,对血吸虫病引起的腹水有一定疗效。
  过去这个种与腹水草相混,其实本种花冠较深裂,裂片狭三角形,至于花序长短则与腹水草虽有差异,但有重叠,不可单独用作识别特征。Hemsley 把产于浙江的这个种和产于湖北的细穗腹水草中的短穗类型混合在一起,作为 Calorhabdos venosa 发表,大概就是过分看重花序长短之故。本种与腹水草(亚种)分布区有部分重叠,但本种不仅花冠较深裂,而且茎上无毛或仅棱上偶有疏毛,棱也较明显,与细穗腹水草这一亚种不仅异域而且不连续分布形态也不同,显然系两个自然的种。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 18 (1998)
Veronicastrum axillare  (Siebold & Zuccarini) T. Yamazaki
爬岩红   pa yan hong
Paederota axillaris Siebold & Zuccarini, Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(3): 144. 1846; Botryopleuron formosanum Masamune; Calorhabdos simadai Masamune.
Rhizomes short, horizontal. Stems arching and rooting apically, basally terete, angular in middle and apically, glabrous, rarely sparsely hairy on angles. Leaves alternate; petiole short; leaf blade ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 5-12 cm, papery, glabrous, margin obliquely deltoid dentate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences axillary, rarely terminal, 1-3 cm. Bracts and calyx lobes linear-lanceolate to subulate, glabrous or ciliate. Corolla purple to purple-red, 4-5 mm, straight; limb actinomorphic; lobes ca. 2 mm, narrowly triangular. Stamens slightly to conspicuously exserted, exceeding corolla by ca. 2 mm; filaments hairy; anthers 0.6-1.5 mm. Capsule ovoid-globose, ca. 3 mm. Seeds oblong, ca. 0.6 mm; seed coat obscurely reticulate. Fl. Jul-Sep.
Forests, grasslands at forest margins, shaded places in valleys; low elevations. Anhui (Shucheng Xian), Fujian, Guangdong (Ruyuan Yao Zizhi Xian), S Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Taiwan (Xinzhu Xian), Zhejiang [Japan].

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