兔儿尾苗Veronica longifolia Linn.
兔儿尾苗Veronica longifolia Linn.
8.兔儿尾苗（救荒本草）（植物名实图考）、长尾婆婆纳（东北植物检索表）图73
Veronica longifolia L. Sp. Pl. 10, 1753;中国高等植物图鉴, 4: 37.图5487. 1975 ——V. maritima L. Sp. Pl. 10, 1753.——V. pseudolongifolia Printz, Contr. Fl. Asiae, 3: 380, fig. 105, tab. 10 et fig. 2, tab. 11, 1921.——V. exortiva Kitagawa, Journ. Jap. Bot. 26: 17, 1951, p. p. excl. specim. Saghalien. ——Pseudolysimachion longifolium Opiz. Seznam Rostlin Kveteng Ceske. 80, 1852.
茎单生或数支丛生，近于直立，不分枝或上部分枝，高40厘米至1米余，无毛或上部有极疏的白色柔毛。叶对生，偶3-4枚轮生，节上有一个环连接叶柄基部，叶腋有不发育的分枝，叶柄长2-4毫米，偶达1厘米，叶片披针形，渐尖，基部圆钝至宽楔形，有时浅心形，长4-15厘米，宽1-3厘米，边缘为深刻的尖锯齿，常夹有重锯齿，两面无毛或有短曲毛。总状花序常单生，少复出，长穗状，各部分被白色短曲毛；花梗直，长约2毫米；花冠紫色或蓝色，长5-6毫米，筒部长占2/5-1/2，裂片开展，后方一枚卵形，其余长卵形；雄蕊伸出。蒴果长约3毫米，无毛，花柱长7毫米。花期6-8月。2n＝34、64、68、70
分布于新疆和黑龙江、吉林（汪清）。欧洲至苏联远东地区及朝鲜北部也有。生于草甸、山坡草地、林缘草地、桦木林下。海拔达1500米左右。嫩苗可食（据《植物名实图考》）。
本种和大婆婆纳的界限是很清楚的，被毛、叶形、叶缘性状及叶柄长短均明显有别，分布区也只是部分重叠。但在黑龙江西北部，我们看到个别标本，兼有两种的性状，可能是它们的杂交后代。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 18 (1998)
Pseudolysimachion longifolium (Linnaeus) Opiz
兔儿尾苗 tu er wei miao
Veronica longifolia Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 10. 1753; V. exortiva Kitagawa, p.p. excl. specim. Saghal; V. longifolia var. exortiva (Kitagawa) Kitagawa.
Stems erect, 1 or several and cespitose, 40-100 cm tall or more, usually simple, with sterile branches in leaf axils, with a ring at each node connecting petiole bases, glabrous or apically very sparsely white villous. Leaves opposite, occasionally in whorls of 3 or 4; petiole 2-4(-10) mm; leaf blade lanceolate, 4-15 X 1-3 cm, glabrous or with short curly hairs, base rounded to broadly cuneate to sometimes cordate, margin deeply serrate, and often partly double serrate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences 1 or several, never in a large panicle, with white short curly hairs. Pedicel straight, ca. 2 mm. Corolla purple to blue, 5-6 mm; tube 2/5-1/2 of corolla length; lobes patent, upper lobe ovate, other 3 lobes narrowly ovate. Stamens conspicuously exserted. Capsule ca. 3 mm, glabrous. Persistent style ca. 7 mm. Fl. Jun-Aug. 2n = 34, 64, 68, 70.
Steppes, grassy mountain slopes, meadows at forest edges, Betulaforests; below 1500 m. Heilongjiang, Jilin (Wangqing Xian), Nei Mongol, N Xinjiang [Kazakhstan, N Korea, Mongolia, Russia; SW Asia, Europe].
别名：longleaf speedwell;
科名：玄参科 Scrophulariaceae
属名：婆婆纳属 Veronica
8.兔儿尾苗（救荒本草）（植物名实图考）、长尾婆婆纳（东北植物检索表）图73
Veronica longifolia L. Sp. Pl. 10, 1753;中国高等植物图鉴, 4: 37.图5487. 1975 ——V. maritima L. Sp. Pl. 10, 1753.——V. pseudolongifolia Printz, Contr. Fl. Asiae, 3: 380, fig. 105, tab. 10 et fig. 2, tab. 11, 1921.——V. exortiva Kitagawa, Journ. Jap. Bot. 26: 17, 1951, p. p. excl. specim. Saghalien. ——Pseudolysimachion longifolium Opiz. Seznam Rostlin Kveteng Ceske. 80, 1852.
茎单生或数支丛生，近于直立，不分枝或上部分枝，高40厘米至1米余，无毛或上部有极疏的白色柔毛。叶对生，偶3-4枚轮生，节上有一个环连接叶柄基部，叶腋有不发育的分枝，叶柄长2-4毫米，偶达1厘米，叶片披针形，渐尖，基部圆钝至宽楔形，有时浅心形，长4-15厘米，宽1-3厘米，边缘为深刻的尖锯齿，常夹有重锯齿，两面无毛或有短曲毛。总状花序常单生，少复出，长穗状，各部分被白色短曲毛；花梗直，长约2毫米；花冠紫色或蓝色，长5-6毫米，筒部长占2/5-1/2，裂片开展，后方一枚卵形，其余长卵形；雄蕊伸出。蒴果长约3毫米，无毛，花柱长7毫米。花期6-8月。2n＝34、64、68、70
分布于新疆和黑龙江、吉林（汪清）。欧洲至苏联远东地区及朝鲜北部也有。生于草甸、山坡草地、林缘草地、桦木林下。海拔达1500米左右。嫩苗可食（据《植物名实图考》）。
本种和大婆婆纳的界限是很清楚的，被毛、叶形、叶缘性状及叶柄长短均明显有别，分布区也只是部分重叠。但在黑龙江西北部，我们看到个别标本，兼有两种的性状，可能是它们的杂交后代。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 18 (1998)
Pseudolysimachion longifolium (Linnaeus) Opiz
兔儿尾苗 tu er wei miao
Veronica longifolia Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 10. 1753; V. exortiva Kitagawa, p.p. excl. specim. Saghal; V. longifolia var. exortiva (Kitagawa) Kitagawa.
Stems erect, 1 or several and cespitose, 40-100 cm tall or more, usually simple, with sterile branches in leaf axils, with a ring at each node connecting petiole bases, glabrous or apically very sparsely white villous. Leaves opposite, occasionally in whorls of 3 or 4; petiole 2-4(-10) mm; leaf blade lanceolate, 4-15 X 1-3 cm, glabrous or with short curly hairs, base rounded to broadly cuneate to sometimes cordate, margin deeply serrate, and often partly double serrate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences 1 or several, never in a large panicle, with white short curly hairs. Pedicel straight, ca. 2 mm. Corolla purple to blue, 5-6 mm; tube 2/5-1/2 of corolla length; lobes patent, upper lobe ovate, other 3 lobes narrowly ovate. Stamens conspicuously exserted. Capsule ca. 3 mm, glabrous. Persistent style ca. 7 mm. Fl. Jun-Aug. 2n = 34, 64, 68, 70.
Steppes, grassy mountain slopes, meadows at forest edges, Betulaforests; below 1500 m. Heilongjiang, Jilin (Wangqing Xian), Nei Mongol, N Xinjiang [Kazakhstan, N Korea, Mongolia, Russia; SW Asia, Europe].