栏目

有柄水苦荬Veronica beccabunga Linn.

有柄水苦荬Veronica beccabunga Linn.

别名:有柄水苦蒉;直柄水苦荬;有柄婆婆纳;有柄水甘荬;European speedwell;

科名:玄参科 Scrophulariaceae

属名:婆婆纳属 Veronica

《中国植物志》第67(2)卷323页
  61.有柄水苦荬(中国高等植物图鉴)图87
  Veronica beccabunga L. Sp. Pl. 12, 1753; Benth. in DC. Prodr. 10: 468. 1846;中国高等植物图鉴, 4: 44.图5501. 1975.
  多年生草本,全体无毛,植株高10-20厘米。根茎长。茎下部倾卧,节上生根,上部上升,分枝或不分枝。叶都有很短但又明显的柄,叶片卵形,矩圆形或披针形,长1-3.5厘米,宽0.5-2厘米,全缘或有浅刻的锯齿或圆齿。总状花序短,长3-6厘米,有花10-20朵;花梗长3-10毫米,直或弯曲,几乎横叉开;花萼裂片卵状披针形,果期反折或多少离开蒴果;花冠淡紫色或淡蓝色,直径约5毫米。蒴果近圆形,长2-3毫米,宽2-4毫米,顶端凹口明显,花柱长1.5-2毫米。种子膨胀,有浅网纹。花期4-9月。2n=34。
  分布于新疆、云南西北部、四川西南部(木里)。广布于欧洲,北美及亚洲的温带和亚热带山区。生水边。
  本种以叶全部具明显的短柄极易和本组其他种分开,此外植株较矮、花序较短、蒴果顶端凹口明显也不同于其他种。
形态特征:多年生草本。根茎长。茎下部倾卧,节上生根,上部倾斜,高10~20厘米,分枝或不分枝。叶卵形,长圆形或披针形;长1~3.5厘米,宽0.5~2厘米,全缘或有浅刻的锯齿或圆齿,柄短而明显。总状花序长3~6厘米,有花10~20朵,花梗长3~10 毫米,直或弯曲,几乎横叉开,花萼裂片卵状披针形,果期反折或多少离开蒴果,花冠淡紫色或淡蓝色,直径约5毫米。蒴果近圆形,长2~3毫米,宽2~4毫米,顶端凹口明显,花柱长1.5~2毫米,种子膨胀,有线网纹。
生长环境:生长在水边,溪边。
花期果期:花期4~9月。
用    途:

《Flora of China》 Vol. 18 (1998)
Veronica beccabunga subsp. muscosa  (Korshinsky) Elenevsky
有柄水苦荬   you bing shui ku mai
Veronica beccabunga var. muscosa Korshinsky, Zap. Imp. Akad. Nauk. Fiz.-Mat. Otd. 4(4): 96. 1896; V. hjuleri Paulsen.
Perennials, 2-10 cm tall, glabrous. Rhizomes elongated. Stems repent, 10-30 cm, apically slightly ascending, branched, succulent. Petiole 1-5 mm, conspicuous; leaf blade suborbicular, ovate, or oblong, 0.5-2.5 X 0.3-1.5 cm, margin subentire or shallowly serrulate to crenulate and 5-9-toothed per side. Racemes axillary, 1-3 cm, 3-15-flowered; peduncle 0.3-1.5 (-2) cm in fruit, to 1/2 as long as subtending leaf. Pedicel 3-8 mm, straight, almost horizontally patent. Calyx 4-lobed; lobes ovate-lanceolate, equal in size, reflexed or distant from capsule. Corolla pale purple to pale blue, rotate, ca. 5 mm in diam., tube short; lobes slightly unequal in width. Capsule subrounded, slightly compressed, 3-4 X 3-5 mm, apex notch inconspicuous. Style 1-2 mm. Seeds ca. 30 per capsule, slightly flattened, convex on both sides; seed coat shallowly reticulate. Fl. Apr-Sep.
By water; 1200-2500 m. SW Sichuan (Muli Zangzu Zizhixian), Xinjiang, NW Yunnan, [Afghanistan, Kashmir, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Nepal, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; SW Asia (E Iran)].
Veronica beccabunga subsp. abscondita M. A. Fischer occurs in the mountains of SW Asia, whereas V. beccabunga subsp. beccabunga occurs widely in Europe to N and W Turkey and is naturalized in North America.

TOP