红皮柳Salix sinopurpurea C. Wang et C. Y. Yang
红皮柳Salix sinopurpurea C. Wang et C. Y. Yang
236．红皮柳（中国植木分类学）图版107：1-5
Salix sinopurpurea C. Wang et Ch. Y. Yang,东北林学院植物研究室汇刊, 9: 98. 1980.——S. purpurea auct. non L. : 秦岭植物志1 (2): 45. 图22. 1974. S. purpurea L. var. longipetiolata C. Y. Yu,秦岭植物志1 (2): 601. 1974.
灌木，高3-4米。小枝淡绿或淡黄色，无毛；当年枝初有短绒毛，后无毛。芽长卵形或长圆形，棕褐色，初有毛，后无毛。叶对生或斜对生，披针形，长5-10厘米，宽1-1.2厘米；萌条叶长至11厘米，宽2-3厘米，先端短渐尖，基部楔形，边缘有腺锯齿，上面淡绿色，下面苍白色，中脉淡黄色，侧脉呈钝角开展，幼时有短绒毛，脉上尤密，成叶两面无毛；叶柄长3-10毫米，上面有绒毛；托叶卵状披针形或斜卵形，几等于叶柄长，边缘有凹缺腺齿，下面苍白色。花先叶开放，花序圆柱形，长2-3厘米，粗约5-6毫米，对生或互生，无花序梗，基部具2-3枚下面密被长毛的椭圆形鳞片；苞片卵形，先端钝或微尖，黑色，两面有长柔毛；腺体1,腹生；雄蕊2,花丝合生，纤细，无毛，花药4室，圆形，黄色或淡红色；子房卵形，密被灰绒毛，柄短，花柱长0.1-0.2毫米，柱头头状。花期4月，果期5月。
产甘肃、陕西、山西、河北、河南、湖北等省。生于海拔1000-1600米的山地灌木丛中，或沿河生长。模式标本采自陕西。
欧洲产的红皮柳S. purpurea L.,现经大量的标本和对国外新近资料的研究，我国并无野生分布，过去国内书刊中所指的红皮柳，除本种被误指外，还误指了筐柳（蒙古柳）S. linearistipularis (Franch.) Hao与簸箕柳S. suchowensis Cheng,将另行阐述。《秦岭植物志》指的红皮柳，即是此种。它与欧洲的红皮柳的主要区别：高大灌木，当年枝被绒毛；叶披针形，较宽大，花序梗的鳞片下面密被长毛；花柱长；花药黄色等，而欧洲产的红皮柳是矮小丛生灌木；枝叶无毛；叶线状倒披针形，花序梗鳞片无毛，花柱短，花药紫色等。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Salix sinopurpurea C. Wang & Chang Y. Yang
红皮柳 hong pi liu
Salix purpurea Linnaeus var. longipetiolatea C. Y. Yu.
Shrubs to 4 m tall. Branchlets greenish or yellowish, glabrous; juvenile branchlets tomentulose at first, glabrescent. Buds russet, long ovoid or oblong, at first pilose, glabrescent. Leaves opposite or obliquely opposite; stipules ovate-lanceolate or obliquely ovate; petiole 3-10 mm, tomentose; leaf blade lanceolate, 5-10 × 1-1.2 cm, to 11 × 2-3 cm on shoots, tomentulose when young, glabrescent, abaxially glaucous, adaxially greenish, base cuneate, margin glandular serrate, apex shortly acuminate; lateral veins diverging from yellowish midvein at obtuse angle. Flowering precocious. Catkins opposite or alternate, terete. Male catkin ellipsoid, 2-3 cm × 5-6 mm, sessile; leaflets 2 or 3, scalelike, with long hairs at base abaxially; bracts black, ovate, villous, apex obtuse or subacute sharp. Male flower: stamens 2, connate throughout; filaments slender, glabrous; anthers 4-loculed, yellow or reddish, globose. Female flower: ovary ovoid, densely gray tomentose, shortly stipitate; style 0.1-0.2 mm; stigma capitate. Fl. Apr, fr. May.
* Thickets, along rivers; 1000-1600 m. Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Shanxi
Similar to the mainly European species Salix purpurea Linnaeus, but shrubs taller and larger; juvenile branchlets tomentulose; leaf blade lanceolate, larger; catkin leaflets with long hairs at base abaxially; anthers yellow or reddish; style long.
别名：条柳;紫柳;鬼柳;红柳;筐柳;杞柳;黄花柳;
科名：杨柳科 Salicaceae
属名：柳属 Salix
236．红皮柳（中国植木分类学）图版107：1-5
Salix sinopurpurea C. Wang et Ch. Y. Yang,东北林学院植物研究室汇刊, 9: 98. 1980.——S. purpurea auct. non L. : 秦岭植物志1 (2): 45. 图22. 1974. S. purpurea L. var. longipetiolata C. Y. Yu,秦岭植物志1 (2): 601. 1974.
灌木，高3-4米。小枝淡绿或淡黄色，无毛；当年枝初有短绒毛，后无毛。芽长卵形或长圆形，棕褐色，初有毛，后无毛。叶对生或斜对生，披针形，长5-10厘米，宽1-1.2厘米；萌条叶长至11厘米，宽2-3厘米，先端短渐尖，基部楔形，边缘有腺锯齿，上面淡绿色，下面苍白色，中脉淡黄色，侧脉呈钝角开展，幼时有短绒毛，脉上尤密，成叶两面无毛；叶柄长3-10毫米，上面有绒毛；托叶卵状披针形或斜卵形，几等于叶柄长，边缘有凹缺腺齿，下面苍白色。花先叶开放，花序圆柱形，长2-3厘米，粗约5-6毫米，对生或互生，无花序梗，基部具2-3枚下面密被长毛的椭圆形鳞片；苞片卵形，先端钝或微尖，黑色，两面有长柔毛；腺体1,腹生；雄蕊2,花丝合生，纤细，无毛，花药4室，圆形，黄色或淡红色；子房卵形，密被灰绒毛，柄短，花柱长0.1-0.2毫米，柱头头状。花期4月，果期5月。
产甘肃、陕西、山西、河北、河南、湖北等省。生于海拔1000-1600米的山地灌木丛中，或沿河生长。模式标本采自陕西。
欧洲产的红皮柳S. purpurea L.,现经大量的标本和对国外新近资料的研究，我国并无野生分布，过去国内书刊中所指的红皮柳，除本种被误指外，还误指了筐柳（蒙古柳）S. linearistipularis (Franch.) Hao与簸箕柳S. suchowensis Cheng,将另行阐述。《秦岭植物志》指的红皮柳，即是此种。它与欧洲的红皮柳的主要区别：高大灌木，当年枝被绒毛；叶披针形，较宽大，花序梗的鳞片下面密被长毛；花柱长；花药黄色等，而欧洲产的红皮柳是矮小丛生灌木；枝叶无毛；叶线状倒披针形，花序梗鳞片无毛，花柱短，花药紫色等。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Salix sinopurpurea C. Wang & Chang Y. Yang
红皮柳 hong pi liu
Salix purpurea Linnaeus var. longipetiolatea C. Y. Yu.
Shrubs to 4 m tall. Branchlets greenish or yellowish, glabrous; juvenile branchlets tomentulose at first, glabrescent. Buds russet, long ovoid or oblong, at first pilose, glabrescent. Leaves opposite or obliquely opposite; stipules ovate-lanceolate or obliquely ovate; petiole 3-10 mm, tomentose; leaf blade lanceolate, 5-10 × 1-1.2 cm, to 11 × 2-3 cm on shoots, tomentulose when young, glabrescent, abaxially glaucous, adaxially greenish, base cuneate, margin glandular serrate, apex shortly acuminate; lateral veins diverging from yellowish midvein at obtuse angle. Flowering precocious. Catkins opposite or alternate, terete. Male catkin ellipsoid, 2-3 cm × 5-6 mm, sessile; leaflets 2 or 3, scalelike, with long hairs at base abaxially; bracts black, ovate, villous, apex obtuse or subacute sharp. Male flower: stamens 2, connate throughout; filaments slender, glabrous; anthers 4-loculed, yellow or reddish, globose. Female flower: ovary ovoid, densely gray tomentose, shortly stipitate; style 0.1-0.2 mm; stigma capitate. Fl. Apr, fr. May.
* Thickets, along rivers; 1000-1600 m. Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Shanxi
Similar to the mainly European species Salix purpurea Linnaeus, but shrubs taller and larger; juvenile branchlets tomentulose; leaf blade lanceolate, larger; catkin leaflets with long hairs at base abaxially; anthers yellow or reddish; style long.