细柱柳Salix gracilistyla Miq.
细柱柳Salix gracilistyla Miq.
222．细柱柳（东北木本植物图志）红毛柳（黑龙江）图版101：1-5
Salix gracilistyla Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 3: 26. 1867; Nakai, Fl. Sylv. Kor. 18: 164, t. 16. 1930; Hao in Fedde, Rep. Beih. 93: 165, 1936; Nas. in Kom. Fl. URSS, 5: 129. t. 7. f. 4. 1936; 刘慎谔等, 东北木本植物图志, 177, 图版58: 下1-9, 图版59: 82. 1955; 中国高等植物图鉴, 1: 371. 图741. 1972; Kitag. Neo-Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 205. 1979.——S. thunbergiana Blume ex Anderss. in DC. Prodr. 16 (2): 271. 1868; Kom. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 22: 30, 1903; Seemen, Salic. Jap. 61. t. 14, f. A-E. 1903. ——S. cinerea auct. non L: Kom. 1. c. 22, 1903.——S. gracilistyla Miq. var. latifolia Skv., 刘慎谔等, 同上, 178. 图版58: 下10. 1955.——S. gracilistyla Miq. var. acuminata Skv.刘慎谔等, 同上, 178. 图版58: 下11. 1955.
灌木。小枝黄褐色或红褐色，初有绒毛，后无毛。芽长圆状卵形，先端尖，黄褐色，有柔毛。叶椭圆状长圆形或倒卵状长圆形，或长圆形，长约5 (12)厘米，宽1.5-2(3.5)厘米，先端急尖，基部楔形，上面深绿色，无毛，下面灰色，有绢质柔毛（春与初夏开展的幼叶无毛或近无毛，夏、秋开展的叶下面密被绢毛），叶脉明显凸起，边缘有锯齿；叶柄明显；托叶大，半心形。花序先叶开花，无花序梗，长2.5-3.5厘米，粗1-1.5厘米（果序长可达8厘米）；雄蕊2，花药红色或红黄色，花丝合生为1，无毛，长达6毫米；苞片椭圆状披针形，先端急尖，上部黑色，两面密生长毛；腺体1，腹生，细长，红黄色；子房椭圆形，被绒毛，无柄，花柱细长，柱头2裂；苞片和腺体的特征同雄花，但较短小。蒴果被密毛。花期4月，果期5月上旬。
产黑龙江、吉林、辽宁。生于山区溪流旁。分布苏联东部、朝鲜、日本。
栽培作护堤、观赏、编织等用。用播种、插条等法繁殖。
附：根据日本学者Kimura等的研究，认为本种与Salix bakko Kimura（我国不产）杂交产生的一个杂交种——棉花柳（银柳）Salix ×leucopithecia Kimura,在我国上海有栽培，已有五、六十年的历史。并于每年春节前在市场上出售，作为“插花”。此杂交种花芽大而多，小枝粗壮，均为暗红色；尤其是花芽萌发，花序呈现银白色，有光泽，似棉团，故称“棉花柳”或“银柳”。花序并可染成各种颜色，十分美观，颇受人们欢迎。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Salix gracilistyla Miquel
细柱柳 xi zhu liu
Salix gracilistyla var. acuminata Skvortzov; S. gracilistyla var. latifolia Skvortzov.
Shrubs. Branchlets yellowish brown or russet; at first tomentose, glabrescent. Buds yellowish brown, oblong-ovoid, downy, apex acute. Stipules semiovate, large; petiole present; leaf blade elliptic-oblong or obovate-oblong, rarely oblong, 5 (-12) × 1.5-2(-3.5) cm, abaxially gray, silky downy (young leaves in spring and early summer glabrous or subglabrous, densely sericeous in summer and early autumn), adaxially dull green, glabrous, base cuneate, margin serrate, apex acute; veins raised abaxially. Flowering precocious. Catkins sessile, 2.5-3.5 × 1-1.5 cm; bracts black distally, elliptic-lanceolate, long pubescent, apex acute. Male flower: adaxial gland russet, slender; stamens 2; filaments connate throughout, ca. 6 mm, glabrous; anthers red or russet. Fruiting catkin to 8 cm. Female flower: ovary ellipsoid, tomentose, sessile; style slender; stigma 2-cleft. Capsule densely pilose. Fl. Apr, fr. May. 2n = 38.
Along streams. E Heilongjiang [Japan, Korea, Russia]
Grown to protect embankments and as an ornamental plant; used for weaving wicker baskets.
别名：rose-gold pussy willow;红毛柳;银芽柳;银柳;猫柳;
科名：杨柳科 Salicaceae
属名：柳属 Salix
222．细柱柳（东北木本植物图志）红毛柳（黑龙江）图版101：1-5
Salix gracilistyla Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 3: 26. 1867; Nakai, Fl. Sylv. Kor. 18: 164, t. 16. 1930; Hao in Fedde, Rep. Beih. 93: 165, 1936; Nas. in Kom. Fl. URSS, 5: 129. t. 7. f. 4. 1936; 刘慎谔等, 东北木本植物图志, 177, 图版58: 下1-9, 图版59: 82. 1955; 中国高等植物图鉴, 1: 371. 图741. 1972; Kitag. Neo-Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 205. 1979.——S. thunbergiana Blume ex Anderss. in DC. Prodr. 16 (2): 271. 1868; Kom. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 22: 30, 1903; Seemen, Salic. Jap. 61. t. 14, f. A-E. 1903. ——S. cinerea auct. non L: Kom. 1. c. 22, 1903.——S. gracilistyla Miq. var. latifolia Skv., 刘慎谔等, 同上, 178. 图版58: 下10. 1955.——S. gracilistyla Miq. var. acuminata Skv.刘慎谔等, 同上, 178. 图版58: 下11. 1955.
灌木。小枝黄褐色或红褐色，初有绒毛，后无毛。芽长圆状卵形，先端尖，黄褐色，有柔毛。叶椭圆状长圆形或倒卵状长圆形，或长圆形，长约5 (12)厘米，宽1.5-2(3.5)厘米，先端急尖，基部楔形，上面深绿色，无毛，下面灰色，有绢质柔毛（春与初夏开展的幼叶无毛或近无毛，夏、秋开展的叶下面密被绢毛），叶脉明显凸起，边缘有锯齿；叶柄明显；托叶大，半心形。花序先叶开花，无花序梗，长2.5-3.5厘米，粗1-1.5厘米（果序长可达8厘米）；雄蕊2，花药红色或红黄色，花丝合生为1，无毛，长达6毫米；苞片椭圆状披针形，先端急尖，上部黑色，两面密生长毛；腺体1，腹生，细长，红黄色；子房椭圆形，被绒毛，无柄，花柱细长，柱头2裂；苞片和腺体的特征同雄花，但较短小。蒴果被密毛。花期4月，果期5月上旬。
产黑龙江、吉林、辽宁。生于山区溪流旁。分布苏联东部、朝鲜、日本。
栽培作护堤、观赏、编织等用。用播种、插条等法繁殖。
附：根据日本学者Kimura等的研究，认为本种与Salix bakko Kimura（我国不产）杂交产生的一个杂交种——棉花柳（银柳）Salix ×leucopithecia Kimura,在我国上海有栽培，已有五、六十年的历史。并于每年春节前在市场上出售，作为“插花”。此杂交种花芽大而多，小枝粗壮，均为暗红色；尤其是花芽萌发，花序呈现银白色，有光泽，似棉团，故称“棉花柳”或“银柳”。花序并可染成各种颜色，十分美观，颇受人们欢迎。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Salix gracilistyla Miquel
细柱柳 xi zhu liu
Salix gracilistyla var. acuminata Skvortzov; S. gracilistyla var. latifolia Skvortzov.
Shrubs. Branchlets yellowish brown or russet; at first tomentose, glabrescent. Buds yellowish brown, oblong-ovoid, downy, apex acute. Stipules semiovate, large; petiole present; leaf blade elliptic-oblong or obovate-oblong, rarely oblong, 5 (-12) × 1.5-2(-3.5) cm, abaxially gray, silky downy (young leaves in spring and early summer glabrous or subglabrous, densely sericeous in summer and early autumn), adaxially dull green, glabrous, base cuneate, margin serrate, apex acute; veins raised abaxially. Flowering precocious. Catkins sessile, 2.5-3.5 × 1-1.5 cm; bracts black distally, elliptic-lanceolate, long pubescent, apex acute. Male flower: adaxial gland russet, slender; stamens 2; filaments connate throughout, ca. 6 mm, glabrous; anthers red or russet. Fruiting catkin to 8 cm. Female flower: ovary ellipsoid, tomentose, sessile; style slender; stigma 2-cleft. Capsule densely pilose. Fl. Apr, fr. May. 2n = 38.
Along streams. E Heilongjiang [Japan, Korea, Russia]
Grown to protect embankments and as an ornamental plant; used for weaving wicker baskets.