崖柳Salix floderusii Nakai
崖柳Salix floderusii Nakai
185．崖柳（东北）山柳（小兴安岭），王八柳（大兴安岭），狐柳（中国东北经济树木图说）图版85：3
Salix floderusii Nakai, Fl. Sylv. Kor. 18: 123. t. 23. 1930.——S. xerophila auct. non Flod.: Nas. in Kom. Fl. URSS, 5: 107. 1936; Kitag. in Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. 3: 162 (Lineam. Fl. Mansh.) 1939;刘慎谔等, 东北木本植物图志, 170.图版50: 下1-6. 1955, (incl. f. obovata Anderss.); 周以良等, 小兴安岭木本植物, 83.图版16. 1955; 周以良, 植物分类学报, 12 (1): 17. 1974, excl. tab. et S. hsinganica Y. L. Chang et Skv.; Kitag. Neo-Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 210. 1979.——S. floderusii Nakai f. manshurica Nakai, 1. c. 126. 1930. ——S. xerophila Flod. f. manshurica (Nakai) Kitag. 1. c. 211. 1979.
灌木，稀小乔木，高达4-6米。小枝较粗；幼枝有白绒毛，老枝无毛。芽有毛。叶形多变化，长椭圆形或披针状长椭圆形或倒卵状长椭圆形，稀倒披针形，长4-6(7)厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，先端急尖或短渐尖，基部圆形或广楔形，上面暗绿色，有绒毛，老叶则常近无毛或稍有短柔毛，下面淡绿色，被绢质白绒毛，或微被白绒毛，微有光泽，近全缘，稀有齿；叶柄长4-10毫米，有毛；托叶小，卵状长椭圆形或卵状披针形，有毛，脱落性，萌枝的托叶明显。花先叶开放或近与叶同时开放，无花序梗，轴有毛；雄花序长1.8-2.5厘米，粗约1-1.3厘米；雄蕊2，花丝无毛，花药黄色；苞片卵状长椭圆形，长2.5-2.7毫米，褐色，先端色较暗，或近黑色，两面有长毛；腺体1，腹生；雌花序较长，长3.5(-6)厘米，一般有花序梗，花稍稀疏（果序可更长）；子房狭卵状圆锥形，长(4)5-7毫米，有密绢毛，具长柄，长达5.5毫米，较腺体长5-10倍，花柱短而明显，柱头2深裂；苞片长圆形，长1.4-1.7毫米；腺体同雄花。蒴果卵状圆锥形，有绢毛。花期5月，果期6月。
产黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、河北北部及山西等地。生于沼泽地或较湿润山坡，为阳性树种。分布朝鲜和苏联东部地区。
用种子、扦插和埋条等法繁殖。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Salix floderusii Nakai
崖柳 ya liu
Salix floderusii Nakai f. manshurica Nakai; S. xerophila Floderus f. manshurica (Nakai) Kitagawa.
Shrubs, rarely small trees. Branchlets white tomentose when young, glabrescent. Buds pilose. Stipules ovate-elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, small (large on shoots), pilose, deciduous; petiole 4-10 mm; leaf blade long elliptic, lanceolate-elliptic, or obovate-elliptic, rarely oblanceolate, 4-6(-7) × 1.5-2.5 cm, abaxially greenish, silky tomentose or white tomentulose, slightly shiny, adaxially dull green, tomentose, when mature usually subglabrous or slightly pubescent, base rounded or broadly cuneate, margin subentire, rarely dentate, apex acute or shortly acuminate. Flowering precocious or nearly coetaneous. Male catkin sessile; bracts brown, ovate-elliptic, 2.5-2.7 cm, apex dark brown or nearly black, villous. Male flower: gland 1; stamens 2, glabrous; anthers yellow. Female catkin 3.5(-6) cm, pedunculate, elongated in fruit; bracts oblong, 1.4-1.7 mm, villous. Female flower: gland 1; ovary narrowly ovoid-conical, (4-)5-7 mm, sericeous; stipe ca. 5.5 mm, 6-10 × as long as gland; style conspicuous; stigma 2-parted. Capsule ovoid-conical, sericeous. Fl. May. fr. Jun.
Marshes, damp mountain slopes. N Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, E Nei Mongol, Shanxi [Korea, E Russia]
别名：狐柳;山柳;王八柳;
科名：杨柳科 Salicaceae
属名：柳属 Salix
185．崖柳（东北）山柳（小兴安岭），王八柳（大兴安岭），狐柳（中国东北经济树木图说）图版85：3
Salix floderusii Nakai, Fl. Sylv. Kor. 18: 123. t. 23. 1930.——S. xerophila auct. non Flod.: Nas. in Kom. Fl. URSS, 5: 107. 1936; Kitag. in Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. 3: 162 (Lineam. Fl. Mansh.) 1939;刘慎谔等, 东北木本植物图志, 170.图版50: 下1-6. 1955, (incl. f. obovata Anderss.); 周以良等, 小兴安岭木本植物, 83.图版16. 1955; 周以良, 植物分类学报, 12 (1): 17. 1974, excl. tab. et S. hsinganica Y. L. Chang et Skv.; Kitag. Neo-Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 210. 1979.——S. floderusii Nakai f. manshurica Nakai, 1. c. 126. 1930. ——S. xerophila Flod. f. manshurica (Nakai) Kitag. 1. c. 211. 1979.
灌木，稀小乔木，高达4-6米。小枝较粗；幼枝有白绒毛，老枝无毛。芽有毛。叶形多变化，长椭圆形或披针状长椭圆形或倒卵状长椭圆形，稀倒披针形，长4-6(7)厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，先端急尖或短渐尖，基部圆形或广楔形，上面暗绿色，有绒毛，老叶则常近无毛或稍有短柔毛，下面淡绿色，被绢质白绒毛，或微被白绒毛，微有光泽，近全缘，稀有齿；叶柄长4-10毫米，有毛；托叶小，卵状长椭圆形或卵状披针形，有毛，脱落性，萌枝的托叶明显。花先叶开放或近与叶同时开放，无花序梗，轴有毛；雄花序长1.8-2.5厘米，粗约1-1.3厘米；雄蕊2，花丝无毛，花药黄色；苞片卵状长椭圆形，长2.5-2.7毫米，褐色，先端色较暗，或近黑色，两面有长毛；腺体1，腹生；雌花序较长，长3.5(-6)厘米，一般有花序梗，花稍稀疏（果序可更长）；子房狭卵状圆锥形，长(4)5-7毫米，有密绢毛，具长柄，长达5.5毫米，较腺体长5-10倍，花柱短而明显，柱头2深裂；苞片长圆形，长1.4-1.7毫米；腺体同雄花。蒴果卵状圆锥形，有绢毛。花期5月，果期6月。
产黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、河北北部及山西等地。生于沼泽地或较湿润山坡，为阳性树种。分布朝鲜和苏联东部地区。
用种子、扦插和埋条等法繁殖。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Salix floderusii Nakai
崖柳 ya liu
Salix floderusii Nakai f. manshurica Nakai; S. xerophila Floderus f. manshurica (Nakai) Kitagawa.
Shrubs, rarely small trees. Branchlets white tomentose when young, glabrescent. Buds pilose. Stipules ovate-elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, small (large on shoots), pilose, deciduous; petiole 4-10 mm; leaf blade long elliptic, lanceolate-elliptic, or obovate-elliptic, rarely oblanceolate, 4-6(-7) × 1.5-2.5 cm, abaxially greenish, silky tomentose or white tomentulose, slightly shiny, adaxially dull green, tomentose, when mature usually subglabrous or slightly pubescent, base rounded or broadly cuneate, margin subentire, rarely dentate, apex acute or shortly acuminate. Flowering precocious or nearly coetaneous. Male catkin sessile; bracts brown, ovate-elliptic, 2.5-2.7 cm, apex dark brown or nearly black, villous. Male flower: gland 1; stamens 2, glabrous; anthers yellow. Female catkin 3.5(-6) cm, pedunculate, elongated in fruit; bracts oblong, 1.4-1.7 mm, villous. Female flower: gland 1; ovary narrowly ovoid-conical, (4-)5-7 mm, sericeous; stipe ca. 5.5 mm, 6-10 × as long as gland; style conspicuous; stigma 2-parted. Capsule ovoid-conical, sericeous. Fl. May. fr. Jun.
Marshes, damp mountain slopes. N Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, E Nei Mongol, Shanxi [Korea, E Russia]