臭檀吴萸Evodia daniellii (Benn.) Hemsl.
臭檀吴萸Evodia daniellii (Benn.) Hemsl.
18.臭檀吴萸 臭檀（河北）
Evodia daniellii (Benn.) Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 22: 104. 1886; Dode in Bull Soc. Bot. Fr. 55: 706. 1908; Pamp. in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. 18: 125. 1911; Rehd. et Wils. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2: 135. 1914; Loesn. in Bot. Centralb. Beih. 37, pl. 2: 147. 1919; Chung in Mem. Sci. Soc. China 1: 124. 1924; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 7: 185. 1926; Huang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 6: 126, Pl. 35-36. 1957;中国高等植物图鉴2: 549. 图2827. 1972.——Zanthoxylum daniellii Benn. ex Daniell in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, 10: 201, t. 5. 1862.——Evodia hupehensis Dode, l. c. 55: 707. 1908.——E. daniellii var. hupehensis (Dode) Huang, l. c. 6:131, Pl. 36H. 1957.——E. labordei Dode, l. c. 55: 707. 1908; Dunn in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 39: 448. 1911.——E. daniellii var. labordei (Dode) Huang, l. c. 6: 130, Pl. 36B. 1957.——E. baberi Rehd. et Wils. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2: 131. 1914, pro parte, quoad Wilson nos 3569, 3570.——Tetradium daniellii (Benn.) Hartley in Gard. Bull. Sing 34:105. 1981.
高可达20米，胸径约1米的落叶乔木。叶有小叶5-11片，小叶纸质，有时颇薄，阔卵形，卵状椭圆形，长6-15厘米，宽3-7厘米，顶部长渐尖或短尖，基部圆或阔楔形，有时一侧略偏斜，散生少数油点或油点不显，叶缘有细钝裂齿，有时且有缘毛，叶面中脉被疏短毛，叶背中脉两侧被长柔毛或仅脉腋有丛毛，嫩叶有时两面被疏柔毛；小叶柄长2-6毫米。伞房状聚伞花序，花序轴及分枝被灰白色或棕黄色柔毛，花蕾近圆球形；萼片及花瓣均5片；萼片卵形，长不及1毫米；花瓣长约3毫米；雄花的退化雌蕊圆锥状，顶部5-4裂，裂片约与不育子房等长，被毛；雌花的退化雄蕊约为子房长的1/4，鳞片状。分果瓣紫红色，干后变淡黄或淡棕色，长5-6毫米，背部无毛，两侧面被疏短毛，顶端有长1-2.5(3)毫米的芒尖，内、外果皮均较薄，内果皮干后软骨质，蜡黄色，每分果瓣有2种子；种子卵形，一端稍尖，长3-4毫米，宽约3毫米，褐黑色，有光泽，种脐线状纵贯种子的腹面。花期6-8月，果期9-11月。
产辽宁以南至长江沿岸各地。生于平地及山坡向阳地方，耐干旱，砂质壤土中生长迅速。朝鲜北部也有。
模式标本采自北京市郊。
染色体数2n＝72。▽深根性、喜阳光的冬季落叶树，高10-15米，树皮平滑，灰或褐黑色，厚4-5毫米，散生微凸起的皮孔，内皮灰黄色，松软，纤维网状。木材的心边材略分明，心材灰棕色，有光泽，纹理美观，比重0.55，适作家具及细工材。▽分布于东北地区的本种，花序特大，雄花序宽达30厘米，花序轴密被灰白色甚短的粉状细毛；雄花的退化雌蕊甚短小，这些特征分布于朝鲜的尤为典型。分布至陕西东南部一带的，其花序轴上的毛远较长且扩展，小叶沿中脉两侧有少数在扩大镜下可见的油点，分布至河南西南部的其分果瓣长有达7毫米，喙状芒尖长近3毫米。分布于江苏北部的其叶有小叶较多，位于花序基部的一对叶有小叶达11片。小叶两面均有疏柔毛，顶部渐狭长渐尖。分布至湖北西部、陕西南部的其小叶的边缘近全缘，质地较厚；成熟分果瓣最短长（4-）5毫米，喙状芒尖长（0.5-）1毫米，看来都是一些不同地理分布的生态型。▽花含香豆素：xanthotoxin、xanthotoxol、bergapten、isopimpinellin、isoimperat-orin。种子含少量rutaevin，又含油39.7%。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 11 (2008)
Tetradium daniellii (Bennett) T. G. Hartley
臭檀吴萸 chou tan wu yu
Zanthoxylum daniellii Bennett, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, 10: 201. 1862; Ampacus daniellii (Bennett) Kuntze; Euodia baberi Rehder & E. H. Wilson, p.p. as to E. H. Wilson 1164 p.p. Jul 1908 (see also synonymy of Tetradium ruticarpum); E. daniellii (Bennett) Hemsley; E. daniellii var. delavayi (Dode) C. C. Huang; E. daniellii var. henryi (Dode) C. C. Huang; E. daniellii var. hupehensis (Dode) C. C. Huang; E. daniellii var. labordei (Dode) C. C. Huang; E. daniellii var. villicarpa (Rehder & E. H. Wilson) C. C. Huang; E. delavayi Dode; E. henryi Dode; E. henryi var. villicarpa Rehder & E. H. Wilson; E. hupehensis Dode; E. labordei Dode; E. sutchuenensis Dode, p.p. as to R. P. Farges 1284 p.p. (see also synonymy of Phellodendron chinense var. chinense ); E. velutina Rehder & E. H. Wilson; E. vestita W. W. Smith; Z. bretschneideri Maximowicz.
Shrubs or trees, to 20 m tall. Leaves 15-44 cm, 5-9(or 11)-foliolate; leaflet blades broadly ovate to lanceolate or rarely elliptic or elliptic-oblong, 5-18.5 × 2.5-10.5 cm, abaxially sometimes ± glaucous and not papillate, secondary veins 7-14 on each side of midvein, reticulate veinlets abaxially usually inconspicuous, base in lateral leaflets narrowly cuneate, subtruncate, subrounded, or subcordate and in terminal leaflet narrowly cuneate, cuneate, or occasionally rounded, margin subentire to crenulate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences 3.5-19 cm. Flowers (4 or)5-merous. Sepals 0.5-1.5 mm. Petals white or whitish but drying whitish or pale brown, (2.5-)3-5 mm, outside glabrous, inside sparsely or sometimes densely pubescent or villous. Ovary pubescent between carpels, otherwise ± densely pubescent to glabrous; ovules 2 per carpel, superposed. Fruit (including abortive carpels, if any) usually 5-carpelled; follicles narrowly pyriform, 5-11 mm, sparsely to ± densely spreading pubescent, apex beaked; endocarp glabrous. Seeds 2 per follicle, superposed, black, ovoid to ellipsoid, shiny, attached in dehisced fruit to axile strip of pergamentaceous pericarp tissue; basal seed sterile, usually 1.5-3.5 mm, containing what appears to be endosperm but no embryo; apical seed fertile, 2.5-4 mm; seed coat sclerenchymatous, lacking spongy tissue, in fertile seed thick and resistant to breakage, in sterile seed thin and brittle. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Aug-Nov. 2n = 76, 78.
Forests, forest margins, open slopes; near sea level to 3200 m. Anhui, S Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Liaoning, S Ningxia, E Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, SE Xizang, Yunnan [Korea].
别名：bee-bee tree;臭檀吴茱萸;臭檀吴蓃;
科名：芸香科 Rutaceae
属名：吴茱萸属 Evodia
18.臭檀吴萸 臭檀（河北）
Evodia daniellii (Benn.) Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 22: 104. 1886; Dode in Bull Soc. Bot. Fr. 55: 706. 1908; Pamp. in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. 18: 125. 1911; Rehd. et Wils. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2: 135. 1914; Loesn. in Bot. Centralb. Beih. 37, pl. 2: 147. 1919; Chung in Mem. Sci. Soc. China 1: 124. 1924; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 7: 185. 1926; Huang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 6: 126, Pl. 35-36. 1957;中国高等植物图鉴2: 549. 图2827. 1972.——Zanthoxylum daniellii Benn. ex Daniell in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, 10: 201, t. 5. 1862.——Evodia hupehensis Dode, l. c. 55: 707. 1908.——E. daniellii var. hupehensis (Dode) Huang, l. c. 6:131, Pl. 36H. 1957.——E. labordei Dode, l. c. 55: 707. 1908; Dunn in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 39: 448. 1911.——E. daniellii var. labordei (Dode) Huang, l. c. 6: 130, Pl. 36B. 1957.——E. baberi Rehd. et Wils. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2: 131. 1914, pro parte, quoad Wilson nos 3569, 3570.——Tetradium daniellii (Benn.) Hartley in Gard. Bull. Sing 34:105. 1981.
高可达20米，胸径约1米的落叶乔木。叶有小叶5-11片，小叶纸质，有时颇薄，阔卵形，卵状椭圆形，长6-15厘米，宽3-7厘米，顶部长渐尖或短尖，基部圆或阔楔形，有时一侧略偏斜，散生少数油点或油点不显，叶缘有细钝裂齿，有时且有缘毛，叶面中脉被疏短毛，叶背中脉两侧被长柔毛或仅脉腋有丛毛，嫩叶有时两面被疏柔毛；小叶柄长2-6毫米。伞房状聚伞花序，花序轴及分枝被灰白色或棕黄色柔毛，花蕾近圆球形；萼片及花瓣均5片；萼片卵形，长不及1毫米；花瓣长约3毫米；雄花的退化雌蕊圆锥状，顶部5-4裂，裂片约与不育子房等长，被毛；雌花的退化雄蕊约为子房长的1/4，鳞片状。分果瓣紫红色，干后变淡黄或淡棕色，长5-6毫米，背部无毛，两侧面被疏短毛，顶端有长1-2.5(3)毫米的芒尖，内、外果皮均较薄，内果皮干后软骨质，蜡黄色，每分果瓣有2种子；种子卵形，一端稍尖，长3-4毫米，宽约3毫米，褐黑色，有光泽，种脐线状纵贯种子的腹面。花期6-8月，果期9-11月。
产辽宁以南至长江沿岸各地。生于平地及山坡向阳地方，耐干旱，砂质壤土中生长迅速。朝鲜北部也有。
模式标本采自北京市郊。
染色体数2n＝72。▽深根性、喜阳光的冬季落叶树，高10-15米，树皮平滑，灰或褐黑色，厚4-5毫米，散生微凸起的皮孔，内皮灰黄色，松软，纤维网状。木材的心边材略分明，心材灰棕色，有光泽，纹理美观，比重0.55，适作家具及细工材。▽分布于东北地区的本种，花序特大，雄花序宽达30厘米，花序轴密被灰白色甚短的粉状细毛；雄花的退化雌蕊甚短小，这些特征分布于朝鲜的尤为典型。分布至陕西东南部一带的，其花序轴上的毛远较长且扩展，小叶沿中脉两侧有少数在扩大镜下可见的油点，分布至河南西南部的其分果瓣长有达7毫米，喙状芒尖长近3毫米。分布于江苏北部的其叶有小叶较多，位于花序基部的一对叶有小叶达11片。小叶两面均有疏柔毛，顶部渐狭长渐尖。分布至湖北西部、陕西南部的其小叶的边缘近全缘，质地较厚；成熟分果瓣最短长（4-）5毫米，喙状芒尖长（0.5-）1毫米，看来都是一些不同地理分布的生态型。▽花含香豆素：xanthotoxin、xanthotoxol、bergapten、isopimpinellin、isoimperat-orin。种子含少量rutaevin，又含油39.7%。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 11 (2008)
Tetradium daniellii (Bennett) T. G. Hartley
臭檀吴萸 chou tan wu yu
Zanthoxylum daniellii Bennett, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, 10: 201. 1862; Ampacus daniellii (Bennett) Kuntze; Euodia baberi Rehder & E. H. Wilson, p.p. as to E. H. Wilson 1164 p.p. Jul 1908 (see also synonymy of Tetradium ruticarpum); E. daniellii (Bennett) Hemsley; E. daniellii var. delavayi (Dode) C. C. Huang; E. daniellii var. henryi (Dode) C. C. Huang; E. daniellii var. hupehensis (Dode) C. C. Huang; E. daniellii var. labordei (Dode) C. C. Huang; E. daniellii var. villicarpa (Rehder & E. H. Wilson) C. C. Huang; E. delavayi Dode; E. henryi Dode; E. henryi var. villicarpa Rehder & E. H. Wilson; E. hupehensis Dode; E. labordei Dode; E. sutchuenensis Dode, p.p. as to R. P. Farges 1284 p.p. (see also synonymy of Phellodendron chinense var. chinense ); E. velutina Rehder & E. H. Wilson; E. vestita W. W. Smith; Z. bretschneideri Maximowicz.
Shrubs or trees, to 20 m tall. Leaves 15-44 cm, 5-9(or 11)-foliolate; leaflet blades broadly ovate to lanceolate or rarely elliptic or elliptic-oblong, 5-18.5 × 2.5-10.5 cm, abaxially sometimes ± glaucous and not papillate, secondary veins 7-14 on each side of midvein, reticulate veinlets abaxially usually inconspicuous, base in lateral leaflets narrowly cuneate, subtruncate, subrounded, or subcordate and in terminal leaflet narrowly cuneate, cuneate, or occasionally rounded, margin subentire to crenulate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences 3.5-19 cm. Flowers (4 or)5-merous. Sepals 0.5-1.5 mm. Petals white or whitish but drying whitish or pale brown, (2.5-)3-5 mm, outside glabrous, inside sparsely or sometimes densely pubescent or villous. Ovary pubescent between carpels, otherwise ± densely pubescent to glabrous; ovules 2 per carpel, superposed. Fruit (including abortive carpels, if any) usually 5-carpelled; follicles narrowly pyriform, 5-11 mm, sparsely to ± densely spreading pubescent, apex beaked; endocarp glabrous. Seeds 2 per follicle, superposed, black, ovoid to ellipsoid, shiny, attached in dehisced fruit to axile strip of pergamentaceous pericarp tissue; basal seed sterile, usually 1.5-3.5 mm, containing what appears to be endosperm but no embryo; apical seed fertile, 2.5-4 mm; seed coat sclerenchymatous, lacking spongy tissue, in fertile seed thick and resistant to breakage, in sterile seed thin and brittle. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Aug-Nov. 2n = 76, 78.
Forests, forest margins, open slopes; near sea level to 3200 m. Anhui, S Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Liaoning, S Ningxia, E Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, SE Xizang, Yunnan [Korea].