六月雪Serissa japonica (Thunb.) Thunb. Nov. Gen.

别名：喷雪;白马骨;喷雪花;白丁花;路边金;日日有;野千年矮;野丁香;白雪丹;满天星;

科名：茜草科 Rubiaceae

属名：白马骨属 Serissa

《中国植物志》第71(2)卷160页
  1. 六月雪（花镜）图版43
  Serissa japonica (Thunb.) Thunb. Nov. Gen. Pl. 9: 132. 1798; Hara, Enum. Sperm. Jap. 2: 30. 1952; Hara et Gould in Hara et al. Enum. Flow. Pl. Nepal. 2: 207. 1979. ——Lyxium japonicum Thunb. in Nov. Act. Reg. S. Sci. Upsal. 3: 207. 1780. ——Lycium foetidum Linn. f. Suppl. Pl. 150. 1781. ——Serissa foetida (Linn. f.) Lam. Tab. Encycl. 2: 211. 1819.
  小灌木，高60-90厘米，有臭气。叶革质，卵形至倒披针形，长6-22毫米，宽3-6毫米，顶端短尖至长尖，边全缘，无毛；叶柄短。花单生或数朵丛生于小枝顶部或腋生，有被毛、边缘浅波状的苞片；萼檐裂片细小，锥形，被毛；花冠淡红色或白色，长6-12毫米，裂片扩展，顶端3裂；雄蕊突出冠管喉部外；花柱长突出，柱头2，直，略分开。花期5-7月。
  产江苏、安徽、江西、浙江、福建、广东、香港、广西、四川、云南。生于河溪边或丘陵的杂木林内。分布于日本、越南。有时栽培。
形态特征：常绿灌木，高可达1米；枝粗壮，灰白色。叶对生，或由于小枝短缩而成丛一状，卵形或长椭圆形，长2-3厘米，宽7-12毫米，先端钝或钝汰，基部渐狭成1短柄，上面中脉、边缘、下面叶脉及叶柄均有白色微毛。花通常数朵簇生于枝顶或叶腋；萼5裂，裂片披针形，边缘有细齿，中肋隆起，长2毫米，花冠白色，漏斗状，筒内喉部有毛，5裂，长约5毫米，花冠管与萼片近等长；雄蕊与花冠裂片同数；子房下位，2室。核果球形，花期8-9月，果期9-10月。
分    布：各地均有
生    境：林边、灌丛中
繁殖方式：种子
习    性：阳生
药用部位：全株
药用功能：舒肝泻湿、消肿拔毒
药用主治：用于咳血、吐血、尿血、黄疸肝炎、肾炎、肠炎、痢疾、白带、痈肿疔毒。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Serissa japonica  (Thunberg) Thunberg Nov. Gen. Pl. 132. 1798.
六月雪   liu yue xue
Lycium japonicum Thunberg, Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 3: 207. 1780; L. foetidum Linnaeus f.; Serissa foetida (Linnaeus f.) Lamarck.
Small shrubs, 60-90 cm tall, presumably evergreen; branches weakly flattened to terete, puberulent to villosulous or hirtellous in interpetiolar lines to sometimes uniformly puberulent throughout. Leaves subsessile or with petiole to 2 mm, glabrous or puberulent to villosulous; blade drying leathery to stiffly papery, ovate to oblanceolate, elliptic, elliptic-oblong, or lanceolate, 0.6-2.2 × 0.3-0.6 cm, both surfaces glabrous to hispidulous or villosulous on principal veins to throughout, often shiny adaxially, base obtuse to acute, apex acute to obtuse or acuminate; secondary veins 2-4 pairs; stipules 0.5-2 mm, puberulent to villosulous, truncate to triangular, with bristles 0.5-4 mm. Flowers solitary to several; bracts narrowly triangular to spatulate, 1-6 mm, glabrous to villosulous, acute, margins entire to ciliate or hispidulous. Calyx glabrous to puberulent or hirtellous; ovary portion obconic, 1-1.5 mm; limb lobed essentially to base; lobes narrowly triangular to lanceolate or linear, 1-5 mm, entire to ciliolate or hispid. Corolla outside glabrous to puberulent or villosulous; tube 4-8 mm; lobes narrowly triangular to ovate, 2-2.5 mm. Drupes 2-3 mm; pyrenes 2-2.5 mm. Fl. Apr-Oct, fr. Jun-Nov.
● Streamsides or broad-leaved forests on hills; 100-1600 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [widely cultivated elsewhere].
The Fl. Taiwan (ed. 2, 4: 324-325. 1998) treated one species of Serissa, which was called S. serissoides but which keys out to S. japonica in the classification of W. C. Ko (in FRPS 71(2): 160. 1999); that report is accordingly listed here based on this re-identification.The Fl. Taiwan (ed. 2, 4: 324-325. 1998) treated one species of Serissa, which was called S. serissoides but which keys out to S. japonica in the classification of W. C. Ko (in FRPS 71(2): 160. 1999); that report is accordingly listed here based on this re-identification.

【拼音名】 Liù Yuè Xuě
【别名】 白马骨、满天星[江苏、广东]、路边姜、天星木、路边荆、鸡骨柴
【来源】 为茜草科六月雪属植物六月雪Serissa serissoides （DC.） Druce，以全株入药。全年可采。洗净鲜用或切段晒干。
注：同属植物白马骨Serissa foetida Comm.亦作六月雪入药，功效相似。
【原形态】 常绿小灌木，高通常1米，多分枝，根细长，外皮黄色。枝粗壮，灰白色或青灰色，嫩枝有微毛，揉之有臭味。叶对生或丛生于短枝上，近革质，倒卵形，椭圆形或倒披针形。8月开白色小花。核果小，球形。
【性味】 淡、微辛，凉。
【功能主治】 疏风解表，清热利湿，舒筋活络。用于感冒，咳嗽，牙痛，急性扁桃体炎，咽喉炎，急、慢性肝炎，肠炎，痢疾，小儿疳积，高血压头痛，偏头痛，风湿性关节痛，白带；茎烧灰点眼治眼翳。
【用法用量】 0.5～1两。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》