变红蛇根草Ophiorrhiza subrubescens Drake
变红蛇根草Ophiorrhiza subrubescens Drake
28. 变红蛇根草（海南植物志）图版33：1-8
Ophiorrhiza subrubescens Drake in Morot, Journ. de Bot. 9: 215. 1895; Pitard in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 3: 163. 1923; 海南植物志3: 310. 1974; Lo in Bull. Bot. Res. 10 (2): 37. 1990.
草本，近直立或基部卧地，高15-60厘米；嫩枝被柔毛。叶薄纸质，披针形至卵形，长3-11厘米，宽1-4厘米或稍过之，顶端圆钝，渐尖或短尖，基部楔形，边全缘或浅波状，上面无毛或被散生稀疏糙毛，下面中脉和侧脉上被柔毛，干时两面变红色或上面灰绿色；中脉和侧脉在下面压扁状，侧脉每边7-13条，网状小脉在下面稍明显；叶柄长通常0.5-2厘米，很少达4厘米，被密柔毛；托叶基部阔三角形，向上骤尖呈丝状，长2-3毫米，有时脱落。花序顶生，密被短柔毛，花多而稠密，总梗长1-6厘米，分枝螺状，长通常不及1厘米，但结果时明显伸长；花二型，花柱异长；短柱花：花梗短或近无梗；无小苞片或小苞片极小；萼管近倒心形，有5棱，长约1毫米，密被短柔毛，萼裂片近三角形，长约0.5毫米；花冠狭管状，通常长6-8毫米，有时可达12毫米，芽时有5棱，外面被短柔毛，里面中部有一环白色长毛，喉部和裂片里面被鳞片状毛，裂片三角状近卵形，背面有狭翅，顶部有一短距状附属体；雄蕊着生处距冠管基部约1.5毫米，花丝无毛，花药狭长，长约2毫米；花柱长2-2.2毫米，柱头2裂，裂片薄，狭卵形，长约1.8毫米；长柱花：雄蕊着生处距管基部约1.5毫米，花丝极短，花药长约3毫米；花柱长约6毫米，柱头薄，狭椭圆形，长约2毫米。蒴果倒心形，宽7-8毫米，长约3毫米，被短柔毛，干时变淡紫红色。花期4-7月。
产于云南沧源、西双版纳、绿春、河口、西畴、麻栗坡，广西百色、龙州，海南各地；生于林下阴湿处。国外分布于越南北部。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Ophiorrhiza subrubescens Drake J. Bot. (Morot). 9: 215. 1895.
变红蛇根草 bian hong she gen cao
Herbs, weak to suberect, to 60 cm tall; stems glabrous to pubescent. Leaves in subequal pairs; petiole 0.5-2(-4) cm, densely pilose; blade drying thinly papery, red on both surfaces or grayish green adaxially, lanceolate to ovate, 3-11 × 1-4 cm, glabrous or sparsely strigose adaxially, ?pilose along principal veins abaxially, base cuneate, margins entire or undulate, apex rounded-obtuse to acuminate or acute; secondary veins 7-13 pairs; stipules sometimes caducous, broadly triangular then strongly narrowed, 2-3 mm. Inflorescence congested-cymose, many flowered, densely pubescent; peduncle 1-6 cm; axes helicoid, up to 1 cm, elongating as fruit develop; bracts absent, minute, or caducous. Flowers reportedly distylous, subsessile. Calyx densely pubescent; hypanthium subobcordate, ca. 1 mm, 5-ribbed; lobes subtriangular, ca. 0.5 mm. Corolla slenderly tubular, 6-8(-12) mm, outside pubescent and 5-ribbed at least in bud, inside with white villous ring at middle and scaly pubescent in throat and onto lobes; lobes triangular to subovate, dorsally narrowly winged and with very short horn. Capsules drying purplish red, obcordate, ca. 3 × 7-8 mm, pubescent. Fl. Apr-Jul.
Shady and wet places in forests. Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [N Vietnam].
The circumscription of this species here follows that of H. S. Lo in FRPS (71(1): 139. 1999), which partly differs from that of other authors and also conflicts with the protologue in some details. The protologue described the plants as glabrous with filiform stipules and bracts that fall before the fruit mature, while H. S. Lo said they are pubescent with narrowly triangular stipules and lacking bracts. Lo described the flowers as distylous with the corollas apparently similar in both floral forms but unusual in anther position: the forms were described as differing in style length, ca. 2 mm vs. ca. 6 mm, and anther size, ca. 2 mm vs. ca. 3 mm, but with the anthers in both forms positioned near the base of the corolla, at ± the same height as the short-styled stigmas but well below the long-styled stigmas. However, the figure in FRPS (p. 140, t. 33, f. 1-8) differs from Lo’s description in its depiction of well-developed bracts that persist with the flowers, deeply bilobed stipules, corollas with only 1 ring of internal pubescence, glabrous fruit, and flower forms with the anthers of the short-styled flowers exserted on well-developed filaments.The circumscription of this species here follows that of H. S. Lo in FRPS (71(1): 139. 1999), which partly differs from that of other authors and also conflicts with the protologue in some details. The protologue described the plants as glabrous with filiform stipules and bracts that fall before the fruit mature, while H. S. Lo said they are pubescent with narrowly triangular stipules and lacking bracts. Lo described the flowers as distylous with the corollas apparently similar in both floral forms but unusual in anther position: the forms were described as differing in style length, ca. 2 mm vs. ca. 6 mm, and anther size, ca. 2 mm vs. ca. 3 mm, but with the anthers in both forms positioned near the base of the corolla, at ± the same height as the short-styled stigmas but well below the long-styled stigmas. However, the figure in FRPS (p. 140, t. 33, f. 1-8) differs from Lo’s description in its depiction of well-developed bracts that persist with the flowers, deeply bilobed stipules, corollas with only 1 ring of internal pubescence, glabrous fruit, and flower forms with the anthers of the short-styled flowers exserted on well-developed filaments.
别名：红脉蛇根草;
科名：茜草科 Rubiaceae
属名：蛇根草属 Ophiorrhiza
28. 变红蛇根草（海南植物志）图版33：1-8
Ophiorrhiza subrubescens Drake in Morot, Journ. de Bot. 9: 215. 1895; Pitard in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 3: 163. 1923; 海南植物志3: 310. 1974; Lo in Bull. Bot. Res. 10 (2): 37. 1990.
草本，近直立或基部卧地，高15-60厘米；嫩枝被柔毛。叶薄纸质，披针形至卵形，长3-11厘米，宽1-4厘米或稍过之，顶端圆钝，渐尖或短尖，基部楔形，边全缘或浅波状，上面无毛或被散生稀疏糙毛，下面中脉和侧脉上被柔毛，干时两面变红色或上面灰绿色；中脉和侧脉在下面压扁状，侧脉每边7-13条，网状小脉在下面稍明显；叶柄长通常0.5-2厘米，很少达4厘米，被密柔毛；托叶基部阔三角形，向上骤尖呈丝状，长2-3毫米，有时脱落。花序顶生，密被短柔毛，花多而稠密，总梗长1-6厘米，分枝螺状，长通常不及1厘米，但结果时明显伸长；花二型，花柱异长；短柱花：花梗短或近无梗；无小苞片或小苞片极小；萼管近倒心形，有5棱，长约1毫米，密被短柔毛，萼裂片近三角形，长约0.5毫米；花冠狭管状，通常长6-8毫米，有时可达12毫米，芽时有5棱，外面被短柔毛，里面中部有一环白色长毛，喉部和裂片里面被鳞片状毛，裂片三角状近卵形，背面有狭翅，顶部有一短距状附属体；雄蕊着生处距冠管基部约1.5毫米，花丝无毛，花药狭长，长约2毫米；花柱长2-2.2毫米，柱头2裂，裂片薄，狭卵形，长约1.8毫米；长柱花：雄蕊着生处距管基部约1.5毫米，花丝极短，花药长约3毫米；花柱长约6毫米，柱头薄，狭椭圆形，长约2毫米。蒴果倒心形，宽7-8毫米，长约3毫米，被短柔毛，干时变淡紫红色。花期4-7月。
产于云南沧源、西双版纳、绿春、河口、西畴、麻栗坡，广西百色、龙州，海南各地；生于林下阴湿处。国外分布于越南北部。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Ophiorrhiza subrubescens Drake J. Bot. (Morot). 9: 215. 1895.
变红蛇根草 bian hong she gen cao
Herbs, weak to suberect, to 60 cm tall; stems glabrous to pubescent. Leaves in subequal pairs; petiole 0.5-2(-4) cm, densely pilose; blade drying thinly papery, red on both surfaces or grayish green adaxially, lanceolate to ovate, 3-11 × 1-4 cm, glabrous or sparsely strigose adaxially, ?pilose along principal veins abaxially, base cuneate, margins entire or undulate, apex rounded-obtuse to acuminate or acute; secondary veins 7-13 pairs; stipules sometimes caducous, broadly triangular then strongly narrowed, 2-3 mm. Inflorescence congested-cymose, many flowered, densely pubescent; peduncle 1-6 cm; axes helicoid, up to 1 cm, elongating as fruit develop; bracts absent, minute, or caducous. Flowers reportedly distylous, subsessile. Calyx densely pubescent; hypanthium subobcordate, ca. 1 mm, 5-ribbed; lobes subtriangular, ca. 0.5 mm. Corolla slenderly tubular, 6-8(-12) mm, outside pubescent and 5-ribbed at least in bud, inside with white villous ring at middle and scaly pubescent in throat and onto lobes; lobes triangular to subovate, dorsally narrowly winged and with very short horn. Capsules drying purplish red, obcordate, ca. 3 × 7-8 mm, pubescent. Fl. Apr-Jul.
Shady and wet places in forests. Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [N Vietnam].
The circumscription of this species here follows that of H. S. Lo in FRPS (71(1): 139. 1999), which partly differs from that of other authors and also conflicts with the protologue in some details. The protologue described the plants as glabrous with filiform stipules and bracts that fall before the fruit mature, while H. S. Lo said they are pubescent with narrowly triangular stipules and lacking bracts. Lo described the flowers as distylous with the corollas apparently similar in both floral forms but unusual in anther position: the forms were described as differing in style length, ca. 2 mm vs. ca. 6 mm, and anther size, ca. 2 mm vs. ca. 3 mm, but with the anthers in both forms positioned near the base of the corolla, at ± the same height as the short-styled stigmas but well below the long-styled stigmas. However, the figure in FRPS (p. 140, t. 33, f. 1-8) differs from Lo’s description in its depiction of well-developed bracts that persist with the flowers, deeply bilobed stipules, corollas with only 1 ring of internal pubescence, glabrous fruit, and flower forms with the anthers of the short-styled flowers exserted on well-developed filaments.The circumscription of this species here follows that of H. S. Lo in FRPS (71(1): 139. 1999), which partly differs from that of other authors and also conflicts with the protologue in some details. The protologue described the plants as glabrous with filiform stipules and bracts that fall before the fruit mature, while H. S. Lo said they are pubescent with narrowly triangular stipules and lacking bracts. Lo described the flowers as distylous with the corollas apparently similar in both floral forms but unusual in anther position: the forms were described as differing in style length, ca. 2 mm vs. ca. 6 mm, and anther size, ca. 2 mm vs. ca. 3 mm, but with the anthers in both forms positioned near the base of the corolla, at ± the same height as the short-styled stigmas but well below the long-styled stigmas. However, the figure in FRPS (p. 140, t. 33, f. 1-8) differs from Lo’s description in its depiction of well-developed bracts that persist with the flowers, deeply bilobed stipules, corollas with only 1 ring of internal pubescence, glabrous fruit, and flower forms with the anthers of the short-styled flowers exserted on well-developed filaments.