栏目

楠藤Mussaenda erosa Champ.

楠藤Mussaenda erosa Champ.

别名:南藤;火烧藤;椭圆玉叶金花;白花藤;齿状玉叶金花;大茶根;大洋藤;野白纸扇;啮叶玉叶金花;啮状玉叶金花;胶鸟藤;胶岛藤;厚叶玉叶金花;大叶白纸扇;马仔藤;厚叶白纸扇;啮状白纸扇;

科名:茜草科 Rubiaceae

属名:玉叶金花属 Mussaenda

《中国植物志》第71(1)卷293页
  14. 楠藤(海南)厚叶白纸扇(海南植物志)图版78: 4-6
  Mussaenda erosa Champ. in Journ. Bot. Kew Misc. 4: 193. 1852; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 153. 1861; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 378. 1888; Hutchins. in Sargent, Pl. Wils. 3: 398. 1916; Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 173; 海南植物志3: 313, 图742. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 196, 图5806. 1975; 云南种子植物名录, 下册: 1263. 1984.
  攀援灌木,高3米;小枝无毛。叶对生,纸质,长圆形、卵形至长圆状椭圆形,长6-12厘米,宽3.5-5厘米,顶端短尖至长渐尖,基部楔形,嫩叶仅上面沿脉上略被毛,下面有稀疏的贴伏毛,老叶则两面无毛;侧脉4-6对;叶柄长1-1.5厘米;托叶长三角形,长约8毫米,无毛或有短硬毛,深2裂。伞房状多歧聚伞花序顶生,花序梗较长,花疏生;苞片线状披针形,长3-4毫米,几无毛;花梗短;花萼管椭圆形,长3-3.5毫米,无毛,萼裂片线状披针形,长2-2.5毫米,基部被稀疏的短硬毛;花叶阔椭圆形,长4-6厘米,宽3-4厘米,有纵脉5-7条,顶端圆或短尖,基部骤窄,柄长0.9-1厘米,无毛;花冠橙黄色,花冠管外面有柔毛,喉部内面密被棒状毛,花冠裂片卵形,长约5毫米,宽与长近相等,顶端锐尖,内面有黄色小疣突。浆果近球形或阔椭圆形,长10-13毫米,直径8-10毫米,无毛,顶部有萼檐脱落后的环状疤痕,果柄长3-4毫米。花期4-7月,果期9-12月。
  产于广东、香港、广西、云南、四川、贵州、福建、海南和台湾;常攀援于疏林乔木树冠上。国外分布于中南半岛和琉球群岛。模式标本采自香港。
  茎、叶和果均入药,有清热消炎功效,可治疥疮积热;海南民间常用于治猪的各种炎症。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Mussaenda erosa  Champion ex Bentham Hooker’s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 4: 193. 1852.
楠藤   nan teng
Climbing shrubs, to 5 m tall; branches glabrous, terete, sparsely lenticellate. Leaves opposite; petiole 0.3-1.5 cm, glabrous; blade drying thickly papery, brown, ovate, oblanceolate, lanceolate, or oblong-elliptic, 5.5-14 × 2.4-6 cm, both surfaces glabrous or sparsely strigose on principal veins, base acute, cuneate, or occasionally obtuse, apex acute to acuminate; secondary veins 4-6 pairs, without domatia, tertiary venation only sparsely visible abaxially; stipules caducous exposing a fringe of persistent reddish brown trichomes, narrowly triangular, 3-8 mm, glabrous, deeply 2-parted, lobes acute to acuminate. Inflorescence compound-cymose to compound-corymbiform, 2-8 × 2-12 cm, congested when young becoming lax with age, glabrous, pedunculate or sessile and 3- or 5-partite; peduncles 1-2.5 cm; bracts triangular to linear-lanceolate, 1.5-7 mm, sparsely strigillose to glabrous; pedicels 1-5 mm. Flowers pedicellate, biology not noted. Calyx with hypanthium portion ellipsoid, 2.5-3.5 mm, glabrous; lobes linear-lanceolate to narrowly triangular, 2-4.5 mm, often unequal on an individual flower, strigillose or hispidulous, with 1 lobe on 1-6 flowers per inflorescence expanded into white calycophyll, blade broadly elliptic to ovate, 3.5-6.5 × 3-5 cm, glabrous except sparsely strigillose on principal veins, base cuneate, rounded, or truncate, stipe 9-20 mm, apex rounded to acute. Corolla yellow to orange-yellow, outside densely strigillose to strigose; tube 22-24 mm; lobes ovate, 4-5 mm, adaxially yellow papillose, rounded then abruptly shortly acuminate. Berry ellipsoid to subglobose, 10-13 × 8-10 mm, glabrous, smooth or sparsely lenticellate, calyx limb deciduous. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. Sep-Dec.
Sparse evergreen forests, streamsides, along roads; 300-800 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Vietnam].

【拼音名】 Nán Ténɡ
【别名】 大茶根、大洋藤、玉叶金花、胶鸟藤、大白纸扇、火烧藤
【来源】 药材基源:为茜草科植物楠藤的茎叶。
拉丁植物动物矿物名:Mussaenda erosa Champ.
采收和储藏:夏秋采收,鲜用或晒干。
【原形态】 楠藤,木质藤本。茎皮红褐色,小枝四方形,无毛,具托叶环。叶对生;叶柄长1-1.5cm;托叶为延伸的三角形,长约8mm,顶部2深裂;叶片长圆形、卵形至卵状椭圆形,长6-12cm,宽3.5-5cm,先端渐尖或锐尖,基部阔楔形,两面均无毛或近无毛,侧脉4-6对。花序顶生,为多花、稍广展、伞房花序式的聚伞花序;苞片条状披针形,长约3-4mm;花具短梗;萼筒椭圆形,长3-3.5cm,萼裂片5,条状披针形,其中1片常扩大力倒卵圆形的叶片状,白色,具柄,长7-8cm,宽5-6cm;花冠漏斗状,黄色,外被丝状毛,裂片5,卵形,里面具乳头状小凸点;雄蕊5,花盘肉质;子房下位,2室。浆果椭圆形或近球形,长10-13mm,直径8-10mm,先端具环纹,果柄长约1cm,红褐色。花期3-4月,果期5-8月。
【生境分布】 生态环境:生于土山坡、山谷、河边灌丛和疏林中。
资源分布:分布于华南、西南等地。
【性味】 微甘;凉
【功能主治】 清热解毒。主疥疮;疮疡肿毒;烧烫伤
【用法用量】 内服:煎汤,鲜品15-30g。外用:适量,鲜品捣汁涂;或煎水洗。
【摘录】 《中华本草》

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