鸡眼藤Morinda parvifolia Bartl. et DC.
鸡眼藤Morinda parvifolia Bartl. et DC.
19. 鸡眼藤（种子植物名称）小叶羊角藤（广州植物志），细叶巴戟天（海南植物志），百眼藤（中国高等植物图鉴），土藤、糠藤（海南）图版47: 3-5
Morinda parvifolia Bartl. ex DC. Prodr. 4: 499. 1830; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (Bot. 438): 160. 1908. et 13 (c): 160. 1918 et in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 178. 1927 et in Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. new ser. 24 (2): 373. 1935; 海南植物志3: 333. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 243, 图5900. 1975; 台湾植物志4: 308. 1978.
攀援、缠绕或平卧藤本；嫩枝密被短粗毛，老枝棕色或稍紫蓝色，具细棱。叶形多变，生旱阳裸地者叶为倒卵形，具大、小二型叶，生疏阴旱裸地者叶为线状倒披针形或近披针形，攀援于灌木者叶为倒卵状倒披针形、倒披针形、倒卵状长圆形，长2-5 (-7)厘米，宽0.3-3厘米，顶端急尖、渐尖或具小短尖，基部楔形，边全缘或具疏缘毛，上面初时被稍密粗毛，后变被疏粒状短粗毛（糙毛）或无毛，中脉通常被粒状短毛，下面初时被柔毛，后变无毛，中脉通常被短硬毛；侧脉在上面不明显，下面明显，每边3-4(-6)条，脉腋有毛；叶柄长3-8毫米，被短粗毛；托叶筒状，干膜质，长2-4毫米，顶端截平，每侧常具刚毛状伸出物1-2，花序(2-)3-9伞状排列于枝顶；花序梗长0.6-2.5厘米，被短细毛，基部常具钻形或线形总苞片1枚；头状花序近球形或稍呈圆锥状，罕呈柱状，直径5-8毫米，具花3-15(-17)朵；花4-5基数，无花梗；花萼下部各花彼此合生，上部环状，顶截平，常具1-3针状或波状齿，有时无齿，背面常具毛状或钻状苞片1枚；花冠白色，长6-7毫米，管部长约2毫米，直径2-3毫米，略呈4-5棱形，棱处具裂缝，顶部稍收狭，内面无毛，檐部4-5裂，裂片长圆形，顶部向外隆出和向内钩状弯折，内面中部以下至喉部密被髯毛；雄蕊与花冠裂片同数，着生于裂片侧基部，花药长圆形，长1.5-2毫米，外露，花丝长1.8-3毫米；花柱外伸，柱头长圆形，二裂，外反，或无花柱，柱头圆锥状，二裂或不裂，直接着生于子房顶或其凹洞内，子房下部与花萼合生，2-4室，每室胚珠1颗；胚珠扁长圆形，着生子房隔侧基部。聚花核果近球形，直径6-10(-15)毫米，熟时橙红至桔红色；核果具分核2-4；分核三棱形，外侧弯拱，具种子1颗。种子与分核同形，角质，无毛。花期4-6月，果期7-8月。
产江西、福建、台湾、广东、香港、海南、广西等省区。生于平原路旁、沟边等灌丛中或平卧于裸地上；丘陵地的灌丛中或疏林下亦常见，但通常不分布至山地林内。分布于菲律宾和越南。
据载全株药用，有清热利湿、化痰止咳等药效。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Morinda parvifolia Bartling ex Candolle Prodr. 4: 449. 1830.
鸡眼藤 ji yan teng
Lianas, climbing, twining, or prostrate; branches surrounded at base by persistent leafless stipules, when young glabrous, puberulent, or densely hispidulous-hirtellous, becoming weakly angled, brown to slightly purplish blue. Leaves opposite; petiole 3-8 mm, glabrous, puberulent, or hispidulous-hirtellous; blade drying papery, on both surfaces matte and yellowish green, yellowish brown, or yellowish gray, obovate, linear-oblanceolate, sublanceolate, obovate-oblanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate-oblong, 2-5(-7) × 0.3-3 cm, both surfaces glabrous or infrequently moderately to sparsely hirsute or hirtellous, base cuneate to acute, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded and shortly abruptly acuminate or mucronulate; secondary veins 3 or 4(-6) pairs, with pilosulous domatia; stipules fused into a spathe or tube, 2-4 mm, membranous, glabrous, puberulent, or hispidulous, truncate and on each side with 1 or 2, sometimes caducous bristles 0.5-1 mm. Inflorescence terminal; peduncles (2 or)3-9, umbellate to fasciculate, 0.6-2 cm, densely puberulent to hispidulous, as a group often subtended by 1 to several stipuliform bracts; heads 1 per peduncle, subglobose, oblate, conical, or rarely cylindrical, 5-8 mm in diam., 3-15(-17)-flowered, often with 1 to several linear bracts 0.5-1 mm. Flowers fused at base, biology not noted. Calyx puberulent to glabrescent; limb 0.5-0.8 mm, truncate to sinuate or denticulate. Corolla white, campanulate, outside puberulent to glabrous; tube 1.5-2 mm, inside densely villous from middle to throat; lobes 4 or 5, narrowly oblong, 3-4 mm, apically thickened and rostrate. Drupecetum subglobose to oblate, 6-15 mm in diam. Drupes fully fused, orange, subglobose, 4-5 mm. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Jun-Aug.
Thickets at roadsides or ditch sides, prostrate on bare land, thickets or forests on hills; sea level to 400 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Jiangxi, Taiwan [Philippines, Vietnam].
Y. Z. Ruan (in FRPS 71(2): 194. 1999) commented that leaf shape in this species varies based to some degree on ecology, with obovate and dimorphic leaves in dry, sunny, bare habitat; linear-oblanceolate or sublanceolate leaves in shady, dry, bare habitat; and obovate-oblanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate-oblong leaves when climbing on shrubs.Y. Z. Ruan (in FRPS 71(2): 194. 1999) commented that leaf shape in this species varies based to some degree on ecology, with obovate and dimorphic leaves in dry, sunny, bare habitat; linear-oblanceolate or sublanceolate leaves in shady, dry, bare habitat; and obovate-oblanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate-oblong leaves when climbing on shrubs.
别名：泥藤草;细叶巴戟天;小叶伞花树;小叶鸡眼藤;红珠藤;大甘草;糠藤;土藤;百眼藤;咸鱼头;小叶羊角藤;小叶巴戟;小叶巴戟天;五眼子;爬山虎;
科名：茜草科 Rubiaceae
属名：巴戟天属 Morinda
19. 鸡眼藤（种子植物名称）小叶羊角藤（广州植物志），细叶巴戟天（海南植物志），百眼藤（中国高等植物图鉴），土藤、糠藤（海南）图版47: 3-5
Morinda parvifolia Bartl. ex DC. Prodr. 4: 499. 1830; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (Bot. 438): 160. 1908. et 13 (c): 160. 1918 et in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 178. 1927 et in Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. new ser. 24 (2): 373. 1935; 海南植物志3: 333. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 243, 图5900. 1975; 台湾植物志4: 308. 1978.
攀援、缠绕或平卧藤本；嫩枝密被短粗毛，老枝棕色或稍紫蓝色，具细棱。叶形多变，生旱阳裸地者叶为倒卵形，具大、小二型叶，生疏阴旱裸地者叶为线状倒披针形或近披针形，攀援于灌木者叶为倒卵状倒披针形、倒披针形、倒卵状长圆形，长2-5 (-7)厘米，宽0.3-3厘米，顶端急尖、渐尖或具小短尖，基部楔形，边全缘或具疏缘毛，上面初时被稍密粗毛，后变被疏粒状短粗毛（糙毛）或无毛，中脉通常被粒状短毛，下面初时被柔毛，后变无毛，中脉通常被短硬毛；侧脉在上面不明显，下面明显，每边3-4(-6)条，脉腋有毛；叶柄长3-8毫米，被短粗毛；托叶筒状，干膜质，长2-4毫米，顶端截平，每侧常具刚毛状伸出物1-2，花序(2-)3-9伞状排列于枝顶；花序梗长0.6-2.5厘米，被短细毛，基部常具钻形或线形总苞片1枚；头状花序近球形或稍呈圆锥状，罕呈柱状，直径5-8毫米，具花3-15(-17)朵；花4-5基数，无花梗；花萼下部各花彼此合生，上部环状，顶截平，常具1-3针状或波状齿，有时无齿，背面常具毛状或钻状苞片1枚；花冠白色，长6-7毫米，管部长约2毫米，直径2-3毫米，略呈4-5棱形，棱处具裂缝，顶部稍收狭，内面无毛，檐部4-5裂，裂片长圆形，顶部向外隆出和向内钩状弯折，内面中部以下至喉部密被髯毛；雄蕊与花冠裂片同数，着生于裂片侧基部，花药长圆形，长1.5-2毫米，外露，花丝长1.8-3毫米；花柱外伸，柱头长圆形，二裂，外反，或无花柱，柱头圆锥状，二裂或不裂，直接着生于子房顶或其凹洞内，子房下部与花萼合生，2-4室，每室胚珠1颗；胚珠扁长圆形，着生子房隔侧基部。聚花核果近球形，直径6-10(-15)毫米，熟时橙红至桔红色；核果具分核2-4；分核三棱形，外侧弯拱，具种子1颗。种子与分核同形，角质，无毛。花期4-6月，果期7-8月。
产江西、福建、台湾、广东、香港、海南、广西等省区。生于平原路旁、沟边等灌丛中或平卧于裸地上；丘陵地的灌丛中或疏林下亦常见，但通常不分布至山地林内。分布于菲律宾和越南。
据载全株药用，有清热利湿、化痰止咳等药效。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Morinda parvifolia Bartling ex Candolle Prodr. 4: 449. 1830.
鸡眼藤 ji yan teng
Lianas, climbing, twining, or prostrate; branches surrounded at base by persistent leafless stipules, when young glabrous, puberulent, or densely hispidulous-hirtellous, becoming weakly angled, brown to slightly purplish blue. Leaves opposite; petiole 3-8 mm, glabrous, puberulent, or hispidulous-hirtellous; blade drying papery, on both surfaces matte and yellowish green, yellowish brown, or yellowish gray, obovate, linear-oblanceolate, sublanceolate, obovate-oblanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate-oblong, 2-5(-7) × 0.3-3 cm, both surfaces glabrous or infrequently moderately to sparsely hirsute or hirtellous, base cuneate to acute, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded and shortly abruptly acuminate or mucronulate; secondary veins 3 or 4(-6) pairs, with pilosulous domatia; stipules fused into a spathe or tube, 2-4 mm, membranous, glabrous, puberulent, or hispidulous, truncate and on each side with 1 or 2, sometimes caducous bristles 0.5-1 mm. Inflorescence terminal; peduncles (2 or)3-9, umbellate to fasciculate, 0.6-2 cm, densely puberulent to hispidulous, as a group often subtended by 1 to several stipuliform bracts; heads 1 per peduncle, subglobose, oblate, conical, or rarely cylindrical, 5-8 mm in diam., 3-15(-17)-flowered, often with 1 to several linear bracts 0.5-1 mm. Flowers fused at base, biology not noted. Calyx puberulent to glabrescent; limb 0.5-0.8 mm, truncate to sinuate or denticulate. Corolla white, campanulate, outside puberulent to glabrous; tube 1.5-2 mm, inside densely villous from middle to throat; lobes 4 or 5, narrowly oblong, 3-4 mm, apically thickened and rostrate. Drupecetum subglobose to oblate, 6-15 mm in diam. Drupes fully fused, orange, subglobose, 4-5 mm. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Jun-Aug.
Thickets at roadsides or ditch sides, prostrate on bare land, thickets or forests on hills; sea level to 400 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Jiangxi, Taiwan [Philippines, Vietnam].
Y. Z. Ruan (in FRPS 71(2): 194. 1999) commented that leaf shape in this species varies based to some degree on ecology, with obovate and dimorphic leaves in dry, sunny, bare habitat; linear-oblanceolate or sublanceolate leaves in shady, dry, bare habitat; and obovate-oblanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate-oblong leaves when climbing on shrubs.Y. Z. Ruan (in FRPS 71(2): 194. 1999) commented that leaf shape in this species varies based to some degree on ecology, with obovate and dimorphic leaves in dry, sunny, bare habitat; linear-oblanceolate or sublanceolate leaves in shady, dry, bare habitat; and obovate-oblanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate-oblong leaves when climbing on shrubs.