红芽大戟Knoxia corymbosa Willd.

别名：红大戟;红芽戟;假红芽大戟;诺氏草;诺斯草;诺斯氏草;

科名：茜草科 Rubiaceae

属名：红芽大戟属 Knoxia

《中国植物志》第71(2)卷005页
  2. 红芽大戟（中国种子植物科属词典）图版2
  Knoxia corymbosa Willd. Sp. Pl. 1: 582. 1789; Pitard in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 3: 285, fig. 23. 1923; Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 6: 287. 1928; 海南植物志3: 360, 图772. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 274, 图5962. 1975; 台湾植物志4: 281. 1978.
  多年生、直立草本，高20-90厘米，被柔毛或短绒毛；茎和小枝圆柱形或钝四棱柱形，节间延长。叶膜质，披针形，线状披针形至长圆形，长4-10厘米，宽1-2.5厘米，顶端渐尖，基部楔形，两面均被紧贴短柔毛，下面被毛较浓密；侧脉每边6-9条，纤细，在叶的两面均明显；叶柄长1-6毫米，或缺；托叶长6毫米，顶端3-5裂，裂片刺毛状，被毛。聚伞花序顶生或生于侧枝的顶部，长2-6厘米，被柔毛。花小，多数，近无花梗，长2-3毫米；萼管长约1毫米，无毛，萼檐裂片小，三角形，长短不等，具缘毛；花冠白色或紫红色，管长约2毫米，裂片长不及1毫米，被毛，顶端内弯；花药长0.8毫米，突出。果很小，长圆状卵形，长约2毫米，无柄或具极短的柄，有不明显的棱4-8条，顶部冠以宿存的萼檐，成熟时从锥形、宿存的中轴上脱落。花期7-8月，果期10-11月。
  产台湾、广东、香港、海南、广西等省区。生于低海拔旷野草丛中。分布于印度、中南半岛、马来半岛和澳大利亚北部。
  据报道在柬埔寨有用作酿酒促发酵剂，其根有泄脏腑水湿和利小便的功效，又能治水肿、腹胀急痛等症。亦作红大戟用，但品质较次。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Knoxia sumatrensis  (Retzius) Candolle Prodr. 4: 569. 1830.
红芽大戟   hong ya da ji
Spermacoce sumatrensis Retzius, Observ. Bot. 4: 23. 1786; Knoxia corymbosa Willdenow; K. mollis Wight & Arnott.
Herbs or subshrubs, 20-90(-100) cm tall; roots slender, fibrous; branches terete to weakly quadrate, puberulent or villosulous to densely tomentulose. Leaves opposite, subsessile or petiolate with petiole to 12 mm, puberulent or villosulous to glabrescent; blade papery to membranous, elliptic, lanceolate, or elliptic-oblong, 3-12 × 0.8-3.5 cm, both surfaces hispid-pilosulous to villosulous or sometimes glabrescent adaxially, base acute to cuneate, apex acuminate to cuspidate; secondary veins 6-9 pairs; stipules persistent, shortly fused to petioles, deeply 3-5-lobed, 3-7 mm, villosulous to glabrescent, lobes sometimes setose. Inflorescences congested-cymose to corymbiform, sometimes trichotomous, 1-6 cm, densely strigillose to villosulous, ebracteate; peduncle 0.3-2 cm; pedicels 0.1-1 mm. Calyx puberulent or strigillose to glabrous; ovary portion ellipsoid, 0.5-0.8 mm; limb lobed essentially to base; lobes triangular, 0.1-0.3 mm, equal to subequal on an individual flower. Corolla white or purplish red, funnelform, outside glabrous; tube 1.5-2 mm; lobes triangular, ca. 1 mm. Schizocarps ovoid to ellipsoid, 2-3 mm, weakly 4-8-ribbed, strigillose or puberulent to glabrescent; mericarps coherent at dispersal; carpophore persistent, linear, ca. 2.5 mm. Fl. Jul-Aug, fr. Oct-Nov.
Thickets in open fields of low elevations. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Taiwan [India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia].
W. C. Ko (in FRPS 71(2): 5. 1999) reported several unusual features for Knoxia mollis in China: calyx lobes ca. 1 mm, corolla bright green or rarely white, and corolla tube ca. 1 mm. These features have not been confirmed on any specimens studied for this treatment nor reported by other authors for Knoxia in SE Asia.W. C. Ko (in FRPS 71(2): 5. 1999) reported several unusual features for Knoxia mollis in China: calyx lobes ca. 1 mm, corolla bright green or rarely white, and corolla tube ca. 1 mm. These features have not been confirmed on any specimens studied for this treatment nor reported by other authors for Knoxia in SE Asia.