长节耳草Hedyotis uncinella Hook. et Arn.
长节耳草Hedyotis uncinella Hook. et Arn.
38. 长节耳草（广州植物志）小钩耳草
Hedyotis uncinella Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. 192. 1833; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 149, 1861; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 56. 1880; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 376. 1888; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. Ser. 10: 127. 1912; Levl. Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 367. 1915 et Cat. Fl. Yunnan 245. 1917; 海南植物志3: 304. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 217, 图5848. 1975; J. M. Chao in Li, Fl. Taiwan 4: 278. 1978. ——borrerioides Champ. ex Benth. in Hook. Kew Journ. 4: 171. 1852. —— kuraruensis Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. 9: 53. 1920. ——denlandia uncinella (Hook. et Arn.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 293. 1891; Hand. -Mazz. Symb, Sin. 7 (4): 1015. 1934.
直立多年生草本，除花冠喉部和萼檐裂片外，全部无毛；茎通常单生，粗壮，四棱柱形；节间距离长。叶对生，纸质，具柄或近无柄，卵状长圆形或长圆状披针形，长3.5-7.5厘米，宽1-3厘米，顶端渐尖，基部渐狭或下延；侧脉每边4-5条，纤细，与中脉成锐角向上斜伸，小脉不明显；托叶三角形，长12毫米，基部合生，边缘有疏离长齿或深裂。花序顶生和腋生，密集成头状，直径12-15毫米，无总花梗；花4数，无花梗或具极短的梗；萼管近球形，长约3毫米，萼檐裂片长圆状披针形，长约3毫米，顶端钝，无毛或具小缘毛；花冠白色或紫色，长约5毫米，冠管长约3毫米，喉部被绒毛，花冠裂片长圆状披针形，比管短，顶端近短尖；雄蕊生于冠管喉部，花丝极短，花药内藏，线形，长约3毫米，两端截平；花柱长2毫米，柱头2裂；裂片近椭圆形，粗糙。蒴果阔卵形，长2毫米，直径1.8-2毫米，顶部平，宿存萼檐裂片长3毫米，成熟时开裂为2个果爿，果爿腹部直裂；种子数粒，具棱，浅褐色。花期4-6月。
产于广东、海南、湖南、贵州、台湾和香港等地；生于干旱旷地上，少见。国外分布于印度。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Hedyotis uncinella Hooker & Arnott Bot. Beechey Voy. 192. 1833.
长节耳草 chang jie er cao
Hedyotis borrerioides Champion ex Bentham; H. kuraruensis Hayata; H. uncinella var. cephalophora Craib; Oldenlandia uncinella (Hooker & Arnott) Kuntze.
Herbs, perennial, erect, to 70 cm tall; stems 4-angled and/or sulcate, angles becoming sharp and thickened or narrowly winged, sparsely to densely puberulent or hispidulous to glabrescent. Leaves opposite or rarely ternate at 1 or 2 nodes, subsessile to petiolate; petiole to 2.5 mm, puberulent to glabrescent; blade drying papery, ovate-oblong, oblong-lanceolate, ovate, lanceolate, or elliptic, 1.5-7.5 × 0.4-3.8 cm, both surfaces sparsely to densely puberulent, hispidulous, or pilosulous, base acute to rounded and usually shortly decurrent, apex acute to acuminate; secondary veins 4 or 5 pairs; stipules interpetiolar, triangular to narrowly triangular, 2-3.5 mm, moderately to densely pilosulous, pilosulous, or puberulent, acute, aristate, or usually laciniate or with 2-5 linear lobes or bristles 0.5-2 mm. Inflorescences terminal and axillary in axils of uppermost leaves, capitate or glomerulate, 8-15 mm in diam., globose, many flowered, sessile; bracts linear to lanceolate, 0.5-2 mm. Flowers sessile or subsessile, distylous. Calyx moderately to densely pilosulous to hispidulous; hypanthium portion subglobose to obconic, ca. 1 mm; limb lobed essentially to base; lobes narrowly triangular, 2.5-4 mm, ciliolate. Corolla white or purple, funnelform or tubular-funnelform, outside puberulent or pilosulous at least on lobes; tube 3-3.5 mm, tomentose in throat; lobes oblong-lanceolate, 1.5-2 mm. Anthers exserted or included, 0.8-1 mm. Stigma 0.3-1 mm, included or exserted. Fruit capsular, subglobose to broadly ovoid, 1.5-2 × 1.8-2 mm, often somewhat compressed, septicidally dehiscent then loculicidal, with stipes or pedicels to 1 mm; seeds several, pale brown, angled. Fl. and fr. Apr-Sep.
Dry open fields; 200-1200 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Taiwan [India, Myanmar].
The name Hedyotis uncinella var. cephalophora has been cited as a combination by some authors, but the basionym cited for it, "H. cephalophora R. Brown," is apparently a nomen nudum.The name Hedyotis uncinella var. cephalophora has been cited as a combination by some authors, but the basionym cited for it, "H. cephalophora R. Brown," is apparently a nomen nudum.
【别名】 黑头草、小绣球、一扫光
【来源】 茜草科长节耳草Hedyotis uncinella Hook. et Arn.[Oldenlandia uncinella （Hook. et Arn.） O. Kuntze.]，以全草入药。
【生境分布】 云南。
【性味】 辛、酸，温。
【功能主治】 祛风，散寒，除湿。主治风湿关节疼痛。
【用法用量】 3～5钱。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》
别名：一扫光;酒药草;长叶耳草;黑头草;灯台蓝草;小钩耳草;蛇草;狗骨消;穿心草;糙叶小钩耳草;牙疳药;小绣球;
科名：茜草科 Rubiaceae
属名：耳草属 Hedyotis
38. 长节耳草（广州植物志）小钩耳草
Hedyotis uncinella Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. 192. 1833; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 149, 1861; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 56. 1880; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 376. 1888; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. Ser. 10: 127. 1912; Levl. Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 367. 1915 et Cat. Fl. Yunnan 245. 1917; 海南植物志3: 304. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 217, 图5848. 1975; J. M. Chao in Li, Fl. Taiwan 4: 278. 1978. ——borrerioides Champ. ex Benth. in Hook. Kew Journ. 4: 171. 1852. —— kuraruensis Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. 9: 53. 1920. ——denlandia uncinella (Hook. et Arn.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 293. 1891; Hand. -Mazz. Symb, Sin. 7 (4): 1015. 1934.
直立多年生草本，除花冠喉部和萼檐裂片外，全部无毛；茎通常单生，粗壮，四棱柱形；节间距离长。叶对生，纸质，具柄或近无柄，卵状长圆形或长圆状披针形，长3.5-7.5厘米，宽1-3厘米，顶端渐尖，基部渐狭或下延；侧脉每边4-5条，纤细，与中脉成锐角向上斜伸，小脉不明显；托叶三角形，长12毫米，基部合生，边缘有疏离长齿或深裂。花序顶生和腋生，密集成头状，直径12-15毫米，无总花梗；花4数，无花梗或具极短的梗；萼管近球形，长约3毫米，萼檐裂片长圆状披针形，长约3毫米，顶端钝，无毛或具小缘毛；花冠白色或紫色，长约5毫米，冠管长约3毫米，喉部被绒毛，花冠裂片长圆状披针形，比管短，顶端近短尖；雄蕊生于冠管喉部，花丝极短，花药内藏，线形，长约3毫米，两端截平；花柱长2毫米，柱头2裂；裂片近椭圆形，粗糙。蒴果阔卵形，长2毫米，直径1.8-2毫米，顶部平，宿存萼檐裂片长3毫米，成熟时开裂为2个果爿，果爿腹部直裂；种子数粒，具棱，浅褐色。花期4-6月。
产于广东、海南、湖南、贵州、台湾和香港等地；生于干旱旷地上，少见。国外分布于印度。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Hedyotis uncinella Hooker & Arnott Bot. Beechey Voy. 192. 1833.
长节耳草 chang jie er cao
Hedyotis borrerioides Champion ex Bentham; H. kuraruensis Hayata; H. uncinella var. cephalophora Craib; Oldenlandia uncinella (Hooker & Arnott) Kuntze.
Herbs, perennial, erect, to 70 cm tall; stems 4-angled and/or sulcate, angles becoming sharp and thickened or narrowly winged, sparsely to densely puberulent or hispidulous to glabrescent. Leaves opposite or rarely ternate at 1 or 2 nodes, subsessile to petiolate; petiole to 2.5 mm, puberulent to glabrescent; blade drying papery, ovate-oblong, oblong-lanceolate, ovate, lanceolate, or elliptic, 1.5-7.5 × 0.4-3.8 cm, both surfaces sparsely to densely puberulent, hispidulous, or pilosulous, base acute to rounded and usually shortly decurrent, apex acute to acuminate; secondary veins 4 or 5 pairs; stipules interpetiolar, triangular to narrowly triangular, 2-3.5 mm, moderately to densely pilosulous, pilosulous, or puberulent, acute, aristate, or usually laciniate or with 2-5 linear lobes or bristles 0.5-2 mm. Inflorescences terminal and axillary in axils of uppermost leaves, capitate or glomerulate, 8-15 mm in diam., globose, many flowered, sessile; bracts linear to lanceolate, 0.5-2 mm. Flowers sessile or subsessile, distylous. Calyx moderately to densely pilosulous to hispidulous; hypanthium portion subglobose to obconic, ca. 1 mm; limb lobed essentially to base; lobes narrowly triangular, 2.5-4 mm, ciliolate. Corolla white or purple, funnelform or tubular-funnelform, outside puberulent or pilosulous at least on lobes; tube 3-3.5 mm, tomentose in throat; lobes oblong-lanceolate, 1.5-2 mm. Anthers exserted or included, 0.8-1 mm. Stigma 0.3-1 mm, included or exserted. Fruit capsular, subglobose to broadly ovoid, 1.5-2 × 1.8-2 mm, often somewhat compressed, septicidally dehiscent then loculicidal, with stipes or pedicels to 1 mm; seeds several, pale brown, angled. Fl. and fr. Apr-Sep.
Dry open fields; 200-1200 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Taiwan [India, Myanmar].
The name Hedyotis uncinella var. cephalophora has been cited as a combination by some authors, but the basionym cited for it, "H. cephalophora R. Brown," is apparently a nomen nudum.The name Hedyotis uncinella var. cephalophora has been cited as a combination by some authors, but the basionym cited for it, "H. cephalophora R. Brown," is apparently a nomen nudum.
【别名】 黑头草、小绣球、一扫光
【来源】 茜草科长节耳草Hedyotis uncinella Hook. et Arn.[Oldenlandia uncinella （Hook. et Arn.） O. Kuntze.]，以全草入药。
【生境分布】 云南。
【性味】 辛、酸，温。
【功能主治】 祛风，散寒，除湿。主治风湿关节疼痛。
【用法用量】 3～5钱。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》