纤花耳草Hedyotis tenellifloa Bl.
纤花耳草Hedyotis tenellifloa Bl.
13. 纤花耳草（广州植物志）
Hedyotis tenelliflora Bl. Bijdr. 971. 1826; DC. Prodr. 4: 419. 1830; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 60. 1880; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 375. 1888; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. Ser. 10: 128. 1912; Merr. Enum. Philip. Flow. Pl. 3: 500. 1923; Chun in Sunyatsenia 1: 162. 1933; Nobuyuki Fukuoka in Southeast Asian. Studies 8 (3): 311. 1970; 海南植物志3: 300. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴 4: 223, 图5860. 1975; J. M. Chao in Li, Fl. Taiwan 4: 278. 1978, excl. syn. ——Hedyatis angustifolia Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnaea 4: 153. 1829. ——Oldenlandia angustifolia Benth. Fl. Hongk. 151. 1861. ——O. tenelliflora (Bl.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 292. 1891; Pitard in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 3: 106. 1923.
柔弱披散多分枝草本，高15-40厘米，全株无毛；枝的上部方柱形，有4锐棱，下部圆柱形。叶对生，无柄，薄革质，线形或线状披针形，长2-5厘米，宽2-4毫米，顶端短尖或渐尖，基部楔形，微下延，边缘干后反卷，上面变黑色，密被圆形、透明的小鳞片，下面光滑，颜色较淡；中脉在上面压入，侧脉不明显；托叶长3-6毫米，基部合生，略被毛，顶部撕裂，裂片刚毛状。花无梗，1-3朵簇生于叶腋内，有针形、长约1毫米、边缘有小齿的苞片；萼管倒卵状，长约1毫米，萼檐裂片4，线状披针形，长约1.8毫米，具缘毛；花冠白色，漏斗形，长3-3.5毫米，冠管长约2毫米，裂片长圆形，长1-1.5毫米，顶端钝；雄蕊着生于冠管喉部，花丝长约1.5毫米，花药伸出，长圆形，两端钝，比花丝略短；花柱长约4毫米，柱头2裂，裂片极短。蒴果卵形或近球形，长2-2.5毫米，直径1.5-2毫米，宿存萼檐裂片仅长1毫米，成熟时仅顶部开裂；种子每室多数，微小。花期4-11月。
产于广东、广西、海南、江西、浙江和云南等省区；生于山谷两旁坡地或田埂上，常见。国外分布于印度、越南、马来西亚和菲律宾。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Hedyotis tenelliflora Blume Bijdr. 971. 1826.
纤花耳草 xian hua er cao
Hedyotis angustifolia Chamisso & Schlechtendal; Oldenlandia angustifolia (Chamisso & Schlechtendal) Bentham; O. tenelliflora (Blume) Kuntze; Scleromitrion angustifolium (Chamisso & Schlechtendal) Bentham; S. sinense Miquel.
Herbs, annual or perennial, diffusely branched, to 40 cm tall, often drying blackened; stems subterete and smooth or weakly to sharply 4-angled and/or 2-sulcate, glabrous or often scaberulous along grooves and/or near nodes. Leaves sessile or subsessile; petiole to 1 mm, glabrescent; blade drying thinly leathery, linear, linear-lanceolate, narrowly elliptic-oblong, or narrowly spatulate, 1.2-5 × 0.15-0.4 cm, adaxially glabrous or scaberulous near margins, abaxially glabrous, both surfaces sometimes apparently scaly due to collapsed large epidermal cells, base cuneate, acute, or decurrent, margins frequently revolute, apex acute or acuminate; secondary veins not visible; stipules fused to petiole bases, triangular to rounded, 1-2 mm, puberulent, hispidulous, or glabrescent, with 2-5 linear or setiform lobes 1-4 mm. Inflorescences axillary, 1-flowered or 2- or 3-flowered in each axil, congested-cymose, glomerulate, or fasciculate, 4-8 mm in diam., sessile to subsessile; bracts acicular to lanceolate, 1-2.5 mm, entire or marginally scaberulous; pedicels to 1 mm. Flowers sessile to subsessile, apparently homostylous. Calyx glabrous; hypanthium portion subglobose to obovoid, ca. 1 mm; limb lobed nearly to base; lobes linear-lanceolate, triangular, or spatulate, 1.5-2 mm, ciliolate. Corolla white, funnelform, outside glabrous; tube ca. 2 mm, pubescent in throat; lobes narrowly spatulate-oblong, 1-2 mm. Anthers exserted, ca. 1 mm. Stigma 0.2-0.3 mm. Fruit capsular, ovoid, 2-2.5 × 1.5-2 mm, cartilaginous to stiff, loculicidal across top; seeds numerous. Fl. and fr. Apr-Dec.
Slopes in valleys, ridges of fields; 100-1400 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia, Melanesia].
This species has been treated by most authors as Hedyotis tenelliflora; however, Dutta and Deb (Taxon. Rev. Hedyotis. 2004) considered that a distinct species and treated these plants as H. angustifolia. Unfortunately, they presented no discussion of this situation nor details of the actual identity and range of "true" H. tenelliflora; consequently, their conclusion is not yet accepted here.This species has been treated by most authors as Hedyotis tenelliflora; however, Dutta and Deb (Taxon. Rev. Hedyotis. 2004) considered that a distinct species and treated these plants as H. angustifolia. Unfortunately, they presented no discussion of this situation nor details of the actual identity and range of "true" H. tenelliflora; consequently, their conclusion is not yet accepted here.
【拼音名】 Xiān Huā ěr Cǎo
【别名】 虾子草、鸡口舌
【来源】 为茜草科耳草属植物纤花耳草Hedyotis tenelliflora Blume，以全草入药。夏秋采集，洗净晒干或鲜用。
【性味】 苦、辛，凉。
【功能主治】 清热解毒，消肿止痛。用于癌症，阑尾炎，痢疾；外用治跌打损伤，蛇咬伤。
【用法用量】 0.3～2两；外用鲜品适量，捣烂敷患处。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》
科名：茜草科 Rubiaceae
属名：耳草属 Hedyotis
13. 纤花耳草（广州植物志）
Hedyotis tenelliflora Bl. Bijdr. 971. 1826; DC. Prodr. 4: 419. 1830; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 60. 1880; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 375. 1888; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. Ser. 10: 128. 1912; Merr. Enum. Philip. Flow. Pl. 3: 500. 1923; Chun in Sunyatsenia 1: 162. 1933; Nobuyuki Fukuoka in Southeast Asian. Studies 8 (3): 311. 1970; 海南植物志3: 300. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴 4: 223, 图5860. 1975; J. M. Chao in Li, Fl. Taiwan 4: 278. 1978, excl. syn. ——Hedyatis angustifolia Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnaea 4: 153. 1829. ——Oldenlandia angustifolia Benth. Fl. Hongk. 151. 1861. ——O. tenelliflora (Bl.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 292. 1891; Pitard in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 3: 106. 1923.
柔弱披散多分枝草本，高15-40厘米，全株无毛；枝的上部方柱形，有4锐棱，下部圆柱形。叶对生，无柄，薄革质，线形或线状披针形，长2-5厘米，宽2-4毫米，顶端短尖或渐尖，基部楔形，微下延，边缘干后反卷，上面变黑色，密被圆形、透明的小鳞片，下面光滑，颜色较淡；中脉在上面压入，侧脉不明显；托叶长3-6毫米，基部合生，略被毛，顶部撕裂，裂片刚毛状。花无梗，1-3朵簇生于叶腋内，有针形、长约1毫米、边缘有小齿的苞片；萼管倒卵状，长约1毫米，萼檐裂片4，线状披针形，长约1.8毫米，具缘毛；花冠白色，漏斗形，长3-3.5毫米，冠管长约2毫米，裂片长圆形，长1-1.5毫米，顶端钝；雄蕊着生于冠管喉部，花丝长约1.5毫米，花药伸出，长圆形，两端钝，比花丝略短；花柱长约4毫米，柱头2裂，裂片极短。蒴果卵形或近球形，长2-2.5毫米，直径1.5-2毫米，宿存萼檐裂片仅长1毫米，成熟时仅顶部开裂；种子每室多数，微小。花期4-11月。
产于广东、广西、海南、江西、浙江和云南等省区；生于山谷两旁坡地或田埂上，常见。国外分布于印度、越南、马来西亚和菲律宾。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Hedyotis tenelliflora Blume Bijdr. 971. 1826.
纤花耳草 xian hua er cao
Hedyotis angustifolia Chamisso & Schlechtendal; Oldenlandia angustifolia (Chamisso & Schlechtendal) Bentham; O. tenelliflora (Blume) Kuntze; Scleromitrion angustifolium (Chamisso & Schlechtendal) Bentham; S. sinense Miquel.
Herbs, annual or perennial, diffusely branched, to 40 cm tall, often drying blackened; stems subterete and smooth or weakly to sharply 4-angled and/or 2-sulcate, glabrous or often scaberulous along grooves and/or near nodes. Leaves sessile or subsessile; petiole to 1 mm, glabrescent; blade drying thinly leathery, linear, linear-lanceolate, narrowly elliptic-oblong, or narrowly spatulate, 1.2-5 × 0.15-0.4 cm, adaxially glabrous or scaberulous near margins, abaxially glabrous, both surfaces sometimes apparently scaly due to collapsed large epidermal cells, base cuneate, acute, or decurrent, margins frequently revolute, apex acute or acuminate; secondary veins not visible; stipules fused to petiole bases, triangular to rounded, 1-2 mm, puberulent, hispidulous, or glabrescent, with 2-5 linear or setiform lobes 1-4 mm. Inflorescences axillary, 1-flowered or 2- or 3-flowered in each axil, congested-cymose, glomerulate, or fasciculate, 4-8 mm in diam., sessile to subsessile; bracts acicular to lanceolate, 1-2.5 mm, entire or marginally scaberulous; pedicels to 1 mm. Flowers sessile to subsessile, apparently homostylous. Calyx glabrous; hypanthium portion subglobose to obovoid, ca. 1 mm; limb lobed nearly to base; lobes linear-lanceolate, triangular, or spatulate, 1.5-2 mm, ciliolate. Corolla white, funnelform, outside glabrous; tube ca. 2 mm, pubescent in throat; lobes narrowly spatulate-oblong, 1-2 mm. Anthers exserted, ca. 1 mm. Stigma 0.2-0.3 mm. Fruit capsular, ovoid, 2-2.5 × 1.5-2 mm, cartilaginous to stiff, loculicidal across top; seeds numerous. Fl. and fr. Apr-Dec.
Slopes in valleys, ridges of fields; 100-1400 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia, Melanesia].
This species has been treated by most authors as Hedyotis tenelliflora; however, Dutta and Deb (Taxon. Rev. Hedyotis. 2004) considered that a distinct species and treated these plants as H. angustifolia. Unfortunately, they presented no discussion of this situation nor details of the actual identity and range of "true" H. tenelliflora; consequently, their conclusion is not yet accepted here.This species has been treated by most authors as Hedyotis tenelliflora; however, Dutta and Deb (Taxon. Rev. Hedyotis. 2004) considered that a distinct species and treated these plants as H. angustifolia. Unfortunately, they presented no discussion of this situation nor details of the actual identity and range of "true" H. tenelliflora; consequently, their conclusion is not yet accepted here.
【拼音名】 Xiān Huā ěr Cǎo
【别名】 虾子草、鸡口舌
【来源】 为茜草科耳草属植物纤花耳草Hedyotis tenelliflora Blume，以全草入药。夏秋采集，洗净晒干或鲜用。
【性味】 苦、辛，凉。
【功能主治】 清热解毒，消肿止痛。用于癌症，阑尾炎，痢疾；外用治跌打损伤，蛇咬伤。
【用法用量】 0.3～2两；外用鲜品适量，捣烂敷患处。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》