松叶耳草Hedyotis pinifolia Wall.
松叶耳草Hedyotis pinifolia Wall.
16. 松叶耳草（广州植物志）图版4: 9-14
Hedyotis pinifolia Wall. (Cat. 25, no. 850. 1829, nom. nud.) ex G. Don, Gen. Syst. 3: 526. 1834; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 60. 1880; Maxim. Mel. Biol. 11: 784. 1883; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 375. 1888; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. Ser. 10: 128. 1912; Ridl. Fl. Malay Penins. 2: 52. 1923; Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 172. 1927; 海南植物志3: 301. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 223, 图5859. 1975.——Oldenlandia pinifolia (Wall. ex G. Don) K. Schum. in Engl. u. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. IV (4): 25. 1891; Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 292. 1891; Pitard in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 3: 108. 1923; Hand. -Mazz. in Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 56 (B): 463. 1937.
柔弱多分枝披散草本，高10-25厘米；枝纤细，锐四棱柱形，干时黑褐色。叶丛生，很少对生，无柄，坚硬而挺直，线形，长12-25毫米，宽1-2毫米，顶端短尖，边缘干时背卷，两面粗糙，很少被毛；中脉在上面压入，侧脉不明显；托叶下部合生成短鞘，顶部分裂成长短不等的数条刺毛。团伞花序有花3-10朵，顶生和腋生，无总花梗；苞片披针形，长3-4毫米，被疏毛和具缘毛；花4数，具长0.8-1毫米的花梗；萼管倒圆锥形，长1-1.5毫米，被疏硬毛，萼檐下部管状，长达2毫米，裂片钻形，长约1毫米，长渐尖，具缘毛；花冠管状，长8-8.5毫米，管长4-4.2毫米，裂片长圆形；雄蕊着生于冠管喉部，花丝长约2毫米，花药伸出，长圆形，两端钝，比花丝短2/3；花柱长9毫米，柱头2裂，裂片线形，长约1毫米，广展，内弯。蒴果近卵形，长2.5-3毫米，直径1.5-2毫米，中部以上被疏硬毛，成熟时仅顶部开裂，宿存萼檐裂片长1-1.2毫米；种子每室数粒，具棱，干后浅褐色。花期5-8月。
产于广东、海南、广西、云南等省区；生于丘陵旷地或滨海砂荒地上，常见。国外分布于印度、尼泊尔、越南和马来西亚。
据《广西中药志》记载全草治小儿疳积、潮热等症，外用跌打刀伤。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Hedyotis pinifolia Wallich ex G. Don Gen. Hist. 3: 526. 1834.
松叶耳草 song ye er cao
Oldenlandia pinifolia (Wallich ex G. Don) K. Schumann.
Herbs, annual or perennial, diffusely branched, to 25 cm tall; stems wiry, sharply 4-angled to subterete, sometimes sulcate, glabrous. Leaves sessile or subsessile, sometimes borne on very short axillary stems and appearing verticillate or clustered; blade drying stiffly papery to leathery, linear to narrowly spatulate, 5-25 × 0.8-2 mm, adaxially glabrous to densely scaberulous, abaxially glabrous, base straight to acute, margins markedly revolute at least when dry, apex acute; secondary veins not visible; stipules shortly fused to petiole bases, triangular to rounded, 0.8-1.2 mm, puberulent to glabrous, with 1-5 linear lobes or bristles 0.5-2.5 mm. Inflorescences terminal and pseudoaxillary on short axillary stems, capitate to shortly fasciculate, 4-7 mm in diam., (1 or)3-10-flowered, sessile and subtended by 1 or 2 pairs of somewhat reduced leaves; bracts lanceolate to setose, 0.5-4 mm, entire to ciliate; pedicels to 1 mm. Flowers sessile, subsessile, or pedicellate, apparently homostylous. Calyx with hypanthium portion obconical to subglobose, 0.8-1.2 mm, glabrous to densely hispidulous; limb lobed for more than 1/2; lobes subulate to narrowly triangular, 1-2 mm, glabrescent, entire to densely ciliolate. Corolla white sometimes flushed with pink, tubular to funnelform, outside glabrous; tube 3-4.2 mm, pubescent in throat; lobes spatulate-oblong to elliptic, 1.8-2 mm. Anthers exserted, ca. 1 mm. Stigma 0.5-1 mm, exserted and positioned above anthers. Fruit capsular, ovoid to lanceoloid, 2.5-3 × 1.5-2 mm, cartilaginous to stiff, loculicidal across top; seeds several to numerous, pale brown, angled. Fl. May-Nov, fr. Apr-Nov.
Open fields on hills, sandy wastelands at seasides or riversides; sea level to below 100 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
The plant illustrated in FRPS (71(1): 70, t. 13, f. 1-6. 1999) as "Hedyotis umbellata" is actually H. pinifolia. The Fl. Bhutan (2(2): 763-764. 1999) included this species noting that the report is based on a published historical record that has not been re-confirmed.The plant illustrated in FRPS (71(1): 70, t. 13, f. 1-6. 1999) as "Hedyotis umbellata" is actually H. pinifolia. The Fl. Bhutan (2(2): 763-764. 1999) included this species noting that the report is based on a published historical record that has not been re-confirmed.
别名：了哥舌;鸟舌草;蛇舌草;松叶耳划;鹩哥舌;
科名：茜草科 Rubiaceae
属名：耳草属 Hedyotis
16. 松叶耳草（广州植物志）图版4: 9-14
Hedyotis pinifolia Wall. (Cat. 25, no. 850. 1829, nom. nud.) ex G. Don, Gen. Syst. 3: 526. 1834; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 60. 1880; Maxim. Mel. Biol. 11: 784. 1883; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 375. 1888; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. Ser. 10: 128. 1912; Ridl. Fl. Malay Penins. 2: 52. 1923; Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 172. 1927; 海南植物志3: 301. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 223, 图5859. 1975.——Oldenlandia pinifolia (Wall. ex G. Don) K. Schum. in Engl. u. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. IV (4): 25. 1891; Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 292. 1891; Pitard in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 3: 108. 1923; Hand. -Mazz. in Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 56 (B): 463. 1937.
柔弱多分枝披散草本，高10-25厘米；枝纤细，锐四棱柱形，干时黑褐色。叶丛生，很少对生，无柄，坚硬而挺直，线形，长12-25毫米，宽1-2毫米，顶端短尖，边缘干时背卷，两面粗糙，很少被毛；中脉在上面压入，侧脉不明显；托叶下部合生成短鞘，顶部分裂成长短不等的数条刺毛。团伞花序有花3-10朵，顶生和腋生，无总花梗；苞片披针形，长3-4毫米，被疏毛和具缘毛；花4数，具长0.8-1毫米的花梗；萼管倒圆锥形，长1-1.5毫米，被疏硬毛，萼檐下部管状，长达2毫米，裂片钻形，长约1毫米，长渐尖，具缘毛；花冠管状，长8-8.5毫米，管长4-4.2毫米，裂片长圆形；雄蕊着生于冠管喉部，花丝长约2毫米，花药伸出，长圆形，两端钝，比花丝短2/3；花柱长9毫米，柱头2裂，裂片线形，长约1毫米，广展，内弯。蒴果近卵形，长2.5-3毫米，直径1.5-2毫米，中部以上被疏硬毛，成熟时仅顶部开裂，宿存萼檐裂片长1-1.2毫米；种子每室数粒，具棱，干后浅褐色。花期5-8月。
产于广东、海南、广西、云南等省区；生于丘陵旷地或滨海砂荒地上，常见。国外分布于印度、尼泊尔、越南和马来西亚。
据《广西中药志》记载全草治小儿疳积、潮热等症，外用跌打刀伤。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Hedyotis pinifolia Wallich ex G. Don Gen. Hist. 3: 526. 1834.
松叶耳草 song ye er cao
Oldenlandia pinifolia (Wallich ex G. Don) K. Schumann.
Herbs, annual or perennial, diffusely branched, to 25 cm tall; stems wiry, sharply 4-angled to subterete, sometimes sulcate, glabrous. Leaves sessile or subsessile, sometimes borne on very short axillary stems and appearing verticillate or clustered; blade drying stiffly papery to leathery, linear to narrowly spatulate, 5-25 × 0.8-2 mm, adaxially glabrous to densely scaberulous, abaxially glabrous, base straight to acute, margins markedly revolute at least when dry, apex acute; secondary veins not visible; stipules shortly fused to petiole bases, triangular to rounded, 0.8-1.2 mm, puberulent to glabrous, with 1-5 linear lobes or bristles 0.5-2.5 mm. Inflorescences terminal and pseudoaxillary on short axillary stems, capitate to shortly fasciculate, 4-7 mm in diam., (1 or)3-10-flowered, sessile and subtended by 1 or 2 pairs of somewhat reduced leaves; bracts lanceolate to setose, 0.5-4 mm, entire to ciliate; pedicels to 1 mm. Flowers sessile, subsessile, or pedicellate, apparently homostylous. Calyx with hypanthium portion obconical to subglobose, 0.8-1.2 mm, glabrous to densely hispidulous; limb lobed for more than 1/2; lobes subulate to narrowly triangular, 1-2 mm, glabrescent, entire to densely ciliolate. Corolla white sometimes flushed with pink, tubular to funnelform, outside glabrous; tube 3-4.2 mm, pubescent in throat; lobes spatulate-oblong to elliptic, 1.8-2 mm. Anthers exserted, ca. 1 mm. Stigma 0.5-1 mm, exserted and positioned above anthers. Fruit capsular, ovoid to lanceoloid, 2.5-3 × 1.5-2 mm, cartilaginous to stiff, loculicidal across top; seeds several to numerous, pale brown, angled. Fl. May-Nov, fr. Apr-Nov.
Open fields on hills, sandy wastelands at seasides or riversides; sea level to below 100 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
The plant illustrated in FRPS (71(1): 70, t. 13, f. 1-6. 1999) as "Hedyotis umbellata" is actually H. pinifolia. The Fl. Bhutan (2(2): 763-764. 1999) included this species noting that the report is based on a published historical record that has not been re-confirmed.The plant illustrated in FRPS (71(1): 70, t. 13, f. 1-6. 1999) as "Hedyotis umbellata" is actually H. pinifolia. The Fl. Bhutan (2(2): 763-764. 1999) included this species noting that the report is based on a published historical record that has not been re-confirmed.