延龄耳草Hedyotis paridifolia Dunn
延龄耳草Hedyotis paridifolia Dunn
4. 延龄耳草（海南植物志）
Hedyotis paridifolia Dunn in Kew Bull. 366. 1912; Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 172. 1927; 海南植物志3: 298. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 200, 图5853. 1975.——Oldenlandia paridifolia (Dunn) Chun in Sunyatsenia 1: 313. 1934.
多年生、直立草本，高20-30厘米，除花冠里面被毛外，全部无毛；茎绿色或带紫色，上部具棱，下部 近圆柱形，基部木质。叶纸质，生于枝顶的两对通常紧接，其他的疏离，卵形、椭圆形至椭圆状卵形，长7-12厘米，宽2.3-4厘米，顶端短尖或短渐尖，基部阔楔形，有时下延至叶柄；侧脉每边5-7条，与中脉成锐角斜向上伸；叶柄长0.5毫米或无柄；托叶阔三角形，长3.2毫米，基部合生，顶端芒尖，边缘具疏长齿。聚伞花序密集成头状，无总花梗，有小而卵形的苞片，顶生的直径2-2.5厘米，常为4片叶所承托，腋生的较小，仅有花数朵；花具短梗或无梗；萼管陀螺形，紫色，长约1毫米，萼檐通常4裂，间有2或3裂，裂片长圆状椭圆形，长2-3毫米，直立，散生不透明的条纹，顶端钝；花冠漏斗状，长6-7毫米，里面被短绒毛，顶部通常4裂，裂片线形，广展，远比管短；雄蕊着生于花冠喉部稍下，花丝极短，花药微突出，长圆形，长0.5毫米，两端截平；花柱与花冠等长，柱头2裂，裂片线形，被毛，广展而下弯。果倒卵形或近椭圆形，长3-3.5毫米，直径2-2.5毫米，光滑，成熟时草黄色，不开裂，宿存萼檐裂片长达3.5-4毫米；种子微小，每室多粒（约12粒），具棱，干后种皮黑色，有窝孔。花期5-11月。
产于海南；生于中海拔的丛林内，颇常见。模式标本采自海南五指岭。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Hedyotis paridifolia Dunn Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew. 1912: 366. 1912.
延龄耳草 yan ling er cao
Oldenlandia paridifolia (Dunn) Chun.
Herbs or subshrubs, perennial, erect, to 30 cm tall; stems green or purplish, flattened to subterete, usually sulcate along each side, glabrous. Leaves subsessile to shortly petiolate, often clustered and apparently verticillate at tops of stems; petiole to 3 mm, glabrous; blade drying papery, ovate, elliptic, or elliptic-ovate, 7-9(-12) × 2.5-4.5 cm, glabrous, base obtuse to rounded and often decurrent, apex acute or shortly acuminate; secondary veins 5-7 pairs; stipules fused to petiole bases, triangular to broadly triangular, 1-3.2 mm, glabrous, sparsely glandular-serrulate or glandular-setulose, apex with aristate projection 1-2 mm. Inflorescences terminal, capitate or subcapitate, hemispherical, 1.5-2.5 cm in diam., glabrous, subsessile; bracts triangular, 1-2 mm; pedicels to 2.5 mm. Flowers shortly pedicellate to sessile, perhaps monomorphic. Calyx glabrous; hypanthium portion purple, turbinate, ca. 1 mm, puberulent; limb lobed nearly to base; lobes on a few flowers rarely 2 or 3, elliptic, elliptic-oblong, or lanceolate (i.e., narrowed at base), 2-4 mm, obtuse to acute. Corolla white, funnelform to tubular, outside glabrous; tube 4-5 mm, inside pilosulous in upper part and throat; lobes triangular, 1-1.2 mm. Anthers exserted, ca. 1 mm. Stigma exserted, ca. 1.2 mm. Fruit indehiscent, straw-yellow, obovoid or subellipsoid, 3-3.5 × 2-2.5 mm, glabrescent; seeds numerous, black, angled, foveolate. Fl. May-Nov, fr. Apr-May.
● Forests or thickets at middle elevations; ca. 200 m. Hainan.
W. C. Ko (in FRPS 71(1): 35. 1999) described the leaf blade as up to 12 cm, but this has not been seen on specimens studied and may include plants that have been subsequently separated as Hedyotis baotingensis.W. C. Ko (in FRPS 71(1): 35. 1999) described the leaf blade as up to 12 cm, but this has not been seen on specimens studied and may include plants that have been subsequently separated as Hedyotis baotingensis.
别名：延龄叶耳草;红藤柴;
科名：茜草科 Rubiaceae
属名：耳草属 Hedyotis
4. 延龄耳草（海南植物志）
Hedyotis paridifolia Dunn in Kew Bull. 366. 1912; Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 172. 1927; 海南植物志3: 298. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 200, 图5853. 1975.——Oldenlandia paridifolia (Dunn) Chun in Sunyatsenia 1: 313. 1934.
多年生、直立草本，高20-30厘米，除花冠里面被毛外，全部无毛；茎绿色或带紫色，上部具棱，下部 近圆柱形，基部木质。叶纸质，生于枝顶的两对通常紧接，其他的疏离，卵形、椭圆形至椭圆状卵形，长7-12厘米，宽2.3-4厘米，顶端短尖或短渐尖，基部阔楔形，有时下延至叶柄；侧脉每边5-7条，与中脉成锐角斜向上伸；叶柄长0.5毫米或无柄；托叶阔三角形，长3.2毫米，基部合生，顶端芒尖，边缘具疏长齿。聚伞花序密集成头状，无总花梗，有小而卵形的苞片，顶生的直径2-2.5厘米，常为4片叶所承托，腋生的较小，仅有花数朵；花具短梗或无梗；萼管陀螺形，紫色，长约1毫米，萼檐通常4裂，间有2或3裂，裂片长圆状椭圆形，长2-3毫米，直立，散生不透明的条纹，顶端钝；花冠漏斗状，长6-7毫米，里面被短绒毛，顶部通常4裂，裂片线形，广展，远比管短；雄蕊着生于花冠喉部稍下，花丝极短，花药微突出，长圆形，长0.5毫米，两端截平；花柱与花冠等长，柱头2裂，裂片线形，被毛，广展而下弯。果倒卵形或近椭圆形，长3-3.5毫米，直径2-2.5毫米，光滑，成熟时草黄色，不开裂，宿存萼檐裂片长达3.5-4毫米；种子微小，每室多粒（约12粒），具棱，干后种皮黑色，有窝孔。花期5-11月。
产于海南；生于中海拔的丛林内，颇常见。模式标本采自海南五指岭。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Hedyotis paridifolia Dunn Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew. 1912: 366. 1912.
延龄耳草 yan ling er cao
Oldenlandia paridifolia (Dunn) Chun.
Herbs or subshrubs, perennial, erect, to 30 cm tall; stems green or purplish, flattened to subterete, usually sulcate along each side, glabrous. Leaves subsessile to shortly petiolate, often clustered and apparently verticillate at tops of stems; petiole to 3 mm, glabrous; blade drying papery, ovate, elliptic, or elliptic-ovate, 7-9(-12) × 2.5-4.5 cm, glabrous, base obtuse to rounded and often decurrent, apex acute or shortly acuminate; secondary veins 5-7 pairs; stipules fused to petiole bases, triangular to broadly triangular, 1-3.2 mm, glabrous, sparsely glandular-serrulate or glandular-setulose, apex with aristate projection 1-2 mm. Inflorescences terminal, capitate or subcapitate, hemispherical, 1.5-2.5 cm in diam., glabrous, subsessile; bracts triangular, 1-2 mm; pedicels to 2.5 mm. Flowers shortly pedicellate to sessile, perhaps monomorphic. Calyx glabrous; hypanthium portion purple, turbinate, ca. 1 mm, puberulent; limb lobed nearly to base; lobes on a few flowers rarely 2 or 3, elliptic, elliptic-oblong, or lanceolate (i.e., narrowed at base), 2-4 mm, obtuse to acute. Corolla white, funnelform to tubular, outside glabrous; tube 4-5 mm, inside pilosulous in upper part and throat; lobes triangular, 1-1.2 mm. Anthers exserted, ca. 1 mm. Stigma exserted, ca. 1.2 mm. Fruit indehiscent, straw-yellow, obovoid or subellipsoid, 3-3.5 × 2-2.5 mm, glabrescent; seeds numerous, black, angled, foveolate. Fl. May-Nov, fr. Apr-May.
● Forests or thickets at middle elevations; ca. 200 m. Hainan.
W. C. Ko (in FRPS 71(1): 35. 1999) described the leaf blade as up to 12 cm, but this has not been seen on specimens studied and may include plants that have been subsequently separated as Hedyotis baotingensis.W. C. Ko (in FRPS 71(1): 35. 1999) described the leaf blade as up to 12 cm, but this has not been seen on specimens studied and may include plants that have been subsequently separated as Hedyotis baotingensis.