狗骨柴Diplospora dubia (Lindl.) Masam.
狗骨柴Diplospora dubia (Lindl.) Masam.
1. 狗骨柴(香港)狗骨仔(台湾)、青凿树(海南临高)、三萼木(广西植物名录)、观音茶(江西)图版96: 1-8
Diplospora dubia (Lindl.) Masam. in Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa. 29: 269. 1939; Ali et Robbrecht in Blumea 35 (2): 297. 1991. ——Canthium dubium Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 12: t. 1026. 1826. ——Tricalysia dubia (Lindl.) Ohwi in Acta Phytotax. Geohot. 10: 137. 1941; Li, Woody Fl. Taiwan 875, fig. 355. 1963; 海南植物志3: 328, 图750: 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 240, 图5893. 1975; J. M. Chao in Li, Fl. Taiwan 4: 340, Pl. 1030. 1978. ——D. viridiflora DC. Prodr. 4: 477. 1830; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 157. 1861; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 383. 1888; Kanehira, Formos. Trees ed. 2. 665, fig. 619. 1936; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学1123. 1937. ——Tricalysia viridiflora (DC.) Matsum. Ind. Pl. Jap. 2 (2): 596. 1912; 广州植物志509. 1956. ——D. tanakai Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. 5: 77, fig. a-f. 1915. ——D. ? buisanensis Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. 9: 59, fig. 24. 1920. ——Tricalysia viridilora (DC.) Matsum. var. tanakai (Hayata) Yamamoto in Journ. Soc. Trop. Agr. 12: 65. 1936. ——Triclysia viridiflora (DC.) Matsum. var. buisanensis (Hayata) Yamamoto in Journ. Soc. Trop. Agr. 12: 65. 1936. ——Tricalysia lutea Hand. -Mazz. in Sitzgsanz. Akad. Wiss. Wien 58: 232. 1921 et Symb. Sin. 7 (4): 1021. 1936, syn. nov.
灌木或乔木,高1-12米。叶革质,少为厚纸质,卵状长圆形、长圆形、椭圆形或披针形,长4-19.5厘米,宽1.5-8厘米,顶端短渐尖、骤然渐尖或短尖,尖端常钝,基部楔形或短尖、全缘而常稍背卷,有时两侧稍偏斜,两面无毛,干时常呈黄绿色而稍有光泽;侧脉纤细,5-11对,在两面稍明显或稀在下面稍凸起;叶柄长4-15毫米;托叶长5-8毫米,下部合生,顶端钻形,内面有白色柔毛。花腋生密集成束或组成具总花梗、稠密的聚伞花序;总花梗短,有短柔毛;花梗长约3毫米,有短柔毛;萼管长约1毫米,萼檐稍扩大,顶部4裂,有短柔毛;花冠白色或黄色,冠管长约3毫米,花冠裂片长圆形,约与冠管等长,向外反卷;雄蕊4枚,花丝长2-4毫米,与花药近等长;花柱长约3毫米,柱头2分枝,线形,长约1毫米。浆果近球形,直径4--9毫米,有疏短柔毛或无毛,成熟时红色,顶部有萼檐残迹;果柄纤细,有短柔毛,长3-8毫米;种子4-8颗,近卵形,暗红色,直径3-4毫米,长5-6毫米。花期4-8月,果期5月至翌年2月。
产于江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖南、广东、香港、广西、海南、四川、云南;生于海拔 40-1500米处的山坡、山谷沟边、丘陵、旷野的林中或灌丛中。国外分布于日本、越南。模式标本采自我国,具体地点不详。
本材致密强韧,加工容易,可为器具及雕刻细工用材。据称在江西井冈山地区居民用其根治黄疸病。
Tricalysia lutea Hand. -Mazz. 的主要特征与本种无异,故予归并。
种中文名:狗骨柴
种拉丁名:Diplospora dubia (Lindl.) Masam.
科中文名:茜草科
科拉丁名:Rubiaceae
属中文名:狗骨柴属
属拉丁名:Diplospora
国内分布:产于江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖南、广东、香港、广西、海南、四川、云南
国外分布:国外分布于日本、越南。模式标本采自我国,具体地点不详。
海 拔:40-1500
命名来源:(香港)[]
【药 名】:狗骨柴
【拼 音】:GOUGUCHAI
【来 源】:为双子叶植物药茜草科植物狗骨柴的种子。
【功 效】:解毒消肿。
【主 治】:治疗疮痈肿痛。
【性味归经】:苦、辛,寒。入肝经。
【用法用量】:内服:煎汤,12一15克。外用:鲜品可捣汁服,并以其渣敷患处。
【别 名】:白鸡金、白秋铜盘(《浙江药用植物志》)、青凿树(海南)、狗骨子(台湾)、三萼木(广西)
【动植物资源分布】:分布于我国东南部、南部至琉球群岛。
【拉丁名】:Tricalysia dubia(Lindl.) Ohwi-(DC) Matsum-lindl.
【考 证】:始载于《中国高等植物图鉴》。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Diplospora dubia (Lindley) Masamune Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa. 29: 269. 1939.
狗骨柴 gou gu chai
Canthium dubium Lindley, Bot. Reg. 12: t. 1026. 1826; Diplospora buisanensis Hayata; D. tanakae Hayata; D. viridiflora Candolle; Tricalysia dubia (Lindley) Ohwi; T. lutea Handel-Mazzetti; T. viridiflora (Candolle) Masamune; T. viridiflora var. buisanensis (Hayata) Yamamoto; T. viridiflora var. tanakae (Hayata) Yamamoto.
Shrubs or trees, 1-12 m; branches terete to somewhat flattened, glabrous. Petiole 4-15 mm, glabrous; leaf blade drying leathery or rarely thickly papery, and yellowish green to brown, ovate-oblong, elliptic-oblong, elliptic, or lanceolate, 4-19.5 × 1.5-8 cm, both surfaces glabrous and rather shiny, base acute, cuneate, or obtuse, sometimes slightly oblique, margins often thinly revolute, apex acute to acuminate with tip often ultimately obtuse; secondary veins 5-11 pairs, without domatia; stipules persistent on distalmost 1 or 2(-4) nodes, ovate to triangular, 5-8 mm, glabrous, densely white sericeous inside, acute, keeled in upper part with keel often extending into an arista 1-4 mm. Inflorescences subcapitate to congested-fasciculate, 6-10 mm, puberulent to strigillose, tomentulose, or puberulent, sessile or subsessile; bracts triangular, ca. 1 mm, frequently fused in pairs, acute; pedicels 1-4 mm. Calyx strigillose to glabrescent; ovary portion obconic to obovoid, 0.5-1 mm; limb ca. 1 mm, 4-denticulate, sometimes also irregularly splitting. Corolla white or yellow, glabrous outside or sometimes strigose on tube; tube 2-3 mm; lobes elliptic-oblong to narrowly elliptic, 3-4 mm, obtuse. Fruiting pedicels to 8 mm. Berry red, subglobose, 4-9 mm in diam., sparsely strigillose to glabrous; seeds dark red, subovoid, 3-6 × 3-4 mm. Fl. Apr-Aug, fr. May-Feb of following year.
Thickets or forests on hillsides, ravines, fields; near sea level to 1500 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Vietnam].
This is one of the most commonly collected Rubiaceae species in China.This is one of the most commonly collected Rubiaceae species in China.
【别名】 狗骨子
【来源】 茜草科狗骨柴Tricalysia dubia (Lindl.) Ohwi,以根入药。
【生境分布】 浙江。
【功能主治】 消肿排脓。主治颈淋巴结结核,背痈,投疖。
【用法用量】 1~2两。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》
别名:三萼木;狗骨仔;观音茶;狗骨子;青凿树;
科名:茜草科 Rubiaceae
属名:狗骨柴属 Diplospora
《中国植物志》第71(1)卷364页
1. 狗骨柴(香港)狗骨仔(台湾)、青凿树(海南临高)、三萼木(广西植物名录)、观音茶(江西)图版96: 1-8
Diplospora dubia (Lindl.) Masam. in Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa. 29: 269. 1939; Ali et Robbrecht in Blumea 35 (2): 297. 1991. ——Canthium dubium Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 12: t. 1026. 1826. ——Tricalysia dubia (Lindl.) Ohwi in Acta Phytotax. Geohot. 10: 137. 1941; Li, Woody Fl. Taiwan 875, fig. 355. 1963; 海南植物志3: 328, 图750: 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 240, 图5893. 1975; J. M. Chao in Li, Fl. Taiwan 4: 340, Pl. 1030. 1978. ——D. viridiflora DC. Prodr. 4: 477. 1830; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 157. 1861; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 383. 1888; Kanehira, Formos. Trees ed. 2. 665, fig. 619. 1936; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学1123. 1937. ——Tricalysia viridiflora (DC.) Matsum. Ind. Pl. Jap. 2 (2): 596. 1912; 广州植物志509. 1956. ——D. tanakai Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. 5: 77, fig. a-f. 1915. ——D. ? buisanensis Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. 9: 59, fig. 24. 1920. ——Tricalysia viridilora (DC.) Matsum. var. tanakai (Hayata) Yamamoto in Journ. Soc. Trop. Agr. 12: 65. 1936. ——Triclysia viridiflora (DC.) Matsum. var. buisanensis (Hayata) Yamamoto in Journ. Soc. Trop. Agr. 12: 65. 1936. ——Tricalysia lutea Hand. -Mazz. in Sitzgsanz. Akad. Wiss. Wien 58: 232. 1921 et Symb. Sin. 7 (4): 1021. 1936, syn. nov.
灌木或乔木,高1-12米。叶革质,少为厚纸质,卵状长圆形、长圆形、椭圆形或披针形,长4-19.5厘米,宽1.5-8厘米,顶端短渐尖、骤然渐尖或短尖,尖端常钝,基部楔形或短尖、全缘而常稍背卷,有时两侧稍偏斜,两面无毛,干时常呈黄绿色而稍有光泽;侧脉纤细,5-11对,在两面稍明显或稀在下面稍凸起;叶柄长4-15毫米;托叶长5-8毫米,下部合生,顶端钻形,内面有白色柔毛。花腋生密集成束或组成具总花梗、稠密的聚伞花序;总花梗短,有短柔毛;花梗长约3毫米,有短柔毛;萼管长约1毫米,萼檐稍扩大,顶部4裂,有短柔毛;花冠白色或黄色,冠管长约3毫米,花冠裂片长圆形,约与冠管等长,向外反卷;雄蕊4枚,花丝长2-4毫米,与花药近等长;花柱长约3毫米,柱头2分枝,线形,长约1毫米。浆果近球形,直径4--9毫米,有疏短柔毛或无毛,成熟时红色,顶部有萼檐残迹;果柄纤细,有短柔毛,长3-8毫米;种子4-8颗,近卵形,暗红色,直径3-4毫米,长5-6毫米。花期4-8月,果期5月至翌年2月。
产于江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖南、广东、香港、广西、海南、四川、云南;生于海拔 40-1500米处的山坡、山谷沟边、丘陵、旷野的林中或灌丛中。国外分布于日本、越南。模式标本采自我国,具体地点不详。
本材致密强韧,加工容易,可为器具及雕刻细工用材。据称在江西井冈山地区居民用其根治黄疸病。
Tricalysia lutea Hand. -Mazz. 的主要特征与本种无异,故予归并。
种中文名:狗骨柴
种拉丁名:Diplospora dubia (Lindl.) Masam.
科中文名:茜草科
科拉丁名:Rubiaceae
属中文名:狗骨柴属
属拉丁名:Diplospora
国内分布:产于江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖南、广东、香港、广西、海南、四川、云南
国外分布:国外分布于日本、越南。模式标本采自我国,具体地点不详。
海 拔:40-1500
命名来源:(香港)[]
【药 名】:狗骨柴
【拼 音】:GOUGUCHAI
【来 源】:为双子叶植物药茜草科植物狗骨柴的种子。
【功 效】:解毒消肿。
【主 治】:治疗疮痈肿痛。
【性味归经】:苦、辛,寒。入肝经。
【用法用量】:内服:煎汤,12一15克。外用:鲜品可捣汁服,并以其渣敷患处。
【别 名】:白鸡金、白秋铜盘(《浙江药用植物志》)、青凿树(海南)、狗骨子(台湾)、三萼木(广西)
【动植物资源分布】:分布于我国东南部、南部至琉球群岛。
【拉丁名】:Tricalysia dubia(Lindl.) Ohwi-(DC) Matsum-lindl.
【考 证】:始载于《中国高等植物图鉴》。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Diplospora dubia (Lindley) Masamune Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa. 29: 269. 1939.
狗骨柴 gou gu chai
Canthium dubium Lindley, Bot. Reg. 12: t. 1026. 1826; Diplospora buisanensis Hayata; D. tanakae Hayata; D. viridiflora Candolle; Tricalysia dubia (Lindley) Ohwi; T. lutea Handel-Mazzetti; T. viridiflora (Candolle) Masamune; T. viridiflora var. buisanensis (Hayata) Yamamoto; T. viridiflora var. tanakae (Hayata) Yamamoto.
Shrubs or trees, 1-12 m; branches terete to somewhat flattened, glabrous. Petiole 4-15 mm, glabrous; leaf blade drying leathery or rarely thickly papery, and yellowish green to brown, ovate-oblong, elliptic-oblong, elliptic, or lanceolate, 4-19.5 × 1.5-8 cm, both surfaces glabrous and rather shiny, base acute, cuneate, or obtuse, sometimes slightly oblique, margins often thinly revolute, apex acute to acuminate with tip often ultimately obtuse; secondary veins 5-11 pairs, without domatia; stipules persistent on distalmost 1 or 2(-4) nodes, ovate to triangular, 5-8 mm, glabrous, densely white sericeous inside, acute, keeled in upper part with keel often extending into an arista 1-4 mm. Inflorescences subcapitate to congested-fasciculate, 6-10 mm, puberulent to strigillose, tomentulose, or puberulent, sessile or subsessile; bracts triangular, ca. 1 mm, frequently fused in pairs, acute; pedicels 1-4 mm. Calyx strigillose to glabrescent; ovary portion obconic to obovoid, 0.5-1 mm; limb ca. 1 mm, 4-denticulate, sometimes also irregularly splitting. Corolla white or yellow, glabrous outside or sometimes strigose on tube; tube 2-3 mm; lobes elliptic-oblong to narrowly elliptic, 3-4 mm, obtuse. Fruiting pedicels to 8 mm. Berry red, subglobose, 4-9 mm in diam., sparsely strigillose to glabrous; seeds dark red, subovoid, 3-6 × 3-4 mm. Fl. Apr-Aug, fr. May-Feb of following year.
Thickets or forests on hillsides, ravines, fields; near sea level to 1500 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Vietnam].
This is one of the most commonly collected Rubiaceae species in China.This is one of the most commonly collected Rubiaceae species in China.
《全国中草药汇编》:狗骨柴
【别名】 狗骨子
【来源】 茜草科狗骨柴Tricalysia dubia (Lindl.) Ohwi,以根入药。
【生境分布】 浙江。
【功能主治】 消肿排脓。主治颈淋巴结结核,背痈,投疖。
【用法用量】 1~2两。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》