流苏子Coptosapelta diffusa (Champ. ex Benth.) Van Steenis
流苏子Coptosapelta diffusa (Champ. ex Benth.) Van Steenis
1. 流苏子（种子植物名称）牛老药、牛老药藤（广东），凉藤（广东和平），棉陂藤、臭沙藤（广东龙门），上树逼（广东大埔），乌龙藤（广西），伤药藤（福建龙岩），苧丝藤（福建上杭），棉丝藤（福建武平），千叶藤、棉藤（浙江），棉絮藤（浙江、福建、江西），棉花藤（江西）图版59
Coptosapelta diffusa (Champ. ex Benth.) Van Steenis in Amer. Journ. Bot. 56 (7): 806. 1969; J. M. Chao in Li, Fl. Taiwan 4: 255. 1978. ——Thysanospermum diffusum Champ. ex Benth. in Journ. Bot. Kew Misc. 4: 168. 1852; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 146. 1861; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 371. 1888; Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. 2: 82. 1912 et 5: 81, fig. 21. 1915; Levl. Fl. Koup-Tcheou 372. 1915; Kanehira, Formos. Trees ed. 2. 685, fig. 641. 1936; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7 (4): 1017. 1936; How in Sunyatsenia 7 (1-2): 29. 1948; Li, Woody Fl. Taiwan 873, fig. 353. 1963; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 203, 图5819. 1975; 云南种子植物名录, 下册: 1249. 1984; 浙江植物志6: 114. 图6-143. 1993.
藤本或攀缘灌木，长通常2-5米；枝多数，圆柱形，节明显，被柔毛或无毛，幼嫩时密被黄褐色倒伏的硬毛。叶坚纸质至革质，卵形、卵状长圆形至披针形，长2-9.5厘米，宽0.8-3.5厘米，顶端短尖、渐尖至尾状渐尖，基部圆形，干时黄绿色，上面稍光亮，两面无毛或稀被长硬毛，中脉在两面均有疏长硬毛，边缘无毛或有疏睫毛；侧脉3-4对，纤细，在下面明显或稍明显；叶柄长2-5毫米，有硬毛，稀无毛；托叶披针形，长3-7毫米，脱落。花单生于叶腋，常对生；花梗纤细，长3-18毫米，无毛或有柔毛，常在上部有1对长约1毫米的小苞片；花萼长2.5-3.5毫米，无毛或有柔毛，萼管卵形，檐部5裂，裂片卵状三角形，长0.8-1毫米；花冠白色或黄色，高脚碟状，外面被绢毛，长1.2-2厘米，冠管圆筒形，长0.8-1.5厘米，宽约1.5毫米，内面上部有柔毛，裂片5，长圆形，长4-6毫米，宽约1.5毫米，内面中部有柔毛，开放时反折；雄蕊5枚，花丝短，花药线状披针形，长3.5-4毫米，伸出；花柱长约13毫米，无毛，柱头纺锤形，长2.5-3毫米，伸出。蒴果稍扁球形，中间有1浅沟，直径5-8毫米，长4-6毫米，淡黄色，果皮硬，木质，顶有宿存萼裂片，果柄纤细，长可达2厘米；种子多数，近圆形，薄而扁，棕黑色，直径1.5-2毫米，边缘流苏状。花期5-7月，果期5-12月。
产于安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖北、湖南、广东、香港、广西、四川、贵州、云南；生于海拔100-1450米处的山地或丘陵的林中或灌丛中。国外分布于日本琉球群岛。模式标本采自香港。
根辛辣，可治皮炎。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Coptosapelta diffusa (Champion ex Bentham) Steenis Amer. J. Bot. 56: 806. 1969.
流苏子 liu su zi
Thysanospermum diffusum Champion ex Bentham, Hooker’s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 4: 168. 1852.
Lianas or scandent shrubs, 2-5 m or taller, often much branched; branches densely hirtellous or strigillose to strigose often becoming glabrescent with age. Petiole 2-5 mm, hirsute to strigose or rarely glabrous; leaf blade drying papery to leathery and often yellowish green, ovate or ovate-oblong to lanceolate, 2-9.5 × 0.8-3.5 cm, adaxially rather shiny and glabrous except strigose to hirsute along costa, abaxially glabrous except strigose to hirsute on principal veins, base rounded to obtuse, margins sometimes sparsely ciliate and/or thinly revolute, apex acute or acuminate; secondary veins 4 or 5 pairs; stipules lanceolate to narrowly triangular, 2-7 mm, acute. Inflorescences with peduncles slender, 3-20 mm, glabrous or usually strigose to hirtellous; bracts 1 or 2 on upper part of peduncle, 0.5-1 mm. Calyx glabrous to strigillose; ovary portion subglobose, 1-2 mm; limb deeply lobed; lobes ovate-triangular, 0.8-1 mm. Corolla outside glabrous to strigillose or sericeous, inside hirtellous in upper part of tube and usually onto basal half of lobes; tube cylindrical to somewhat funnelform, 8-15 mm; lobes elliptic-oblong to spatulate, 4-6 mm, obtuse to rounded. Anthers 3.5-4 mm. Stigma 2.5-3 mm. Capsule brownish yellow, compressed globose or compressed ellipsoid, weakly didymous, 4-6 × 5-8 mm; seeds 1.5-2 mm in diam. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Jun-Dec.
Thickets or forests on mountains or hills; 100-1500 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan (Ryukyu Islands)].
This is a commonly collected species in China.This is a commonly collected species in China.
别名：棉丝藤;包色龙;盾子木;臭沙藤;凉藤;伤药藤;流苏藤;棉陂藤;棉花藤;黄花藤;牛老药藤;牛老葯藤;千叶藤;苧丝藤;上树逼;乌龙藤;棉絮藤;牛老药;瓢箪藤;棉藤;
科名：茜草科 Rubiaceae
属名：流苏子属 Coptosapelta
1. 流苏子（种子植物名称）牛老药、牛老药藤（广东），凉藤（广东和平），棉陂藤、臭沙藤（广东龙门），上树逼（广东大埔），乌龙藤（广西），伤药藤（福建龙岩），苧丝藤（福建上杭），棉丝藤（福建武平），千叶藤、棉藤（浙江），棉絮藤（浙江、福建、江西），棉花藤（江西）图版59
Coptosapelta diffusa (Champ. ex Benth.) Van Steenis in Amer. Journ. Bot. 56 (7): 806. 1969; J. M. Chao in Li, Fl. Taiwan 4: 255. 1978. ——Thysanospermum diffusum Champ. ex Benth. in Journ. Bot. Kew Misc. 4: 168. 1852; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 146. 1861; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 371. 1888; Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. 2: 82. 1912 et 5: 81, fig. 21. 1915; Levl. Fl. Koup-Tcheou 372. 1915; Kanehira, Formos. Trees ed. 2. 685, fig. 641. 1936; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7 (4): 1017. 1936; How in Sunyatsenia 7 (1-2): 29. 1948; Li, Woody Fl. Taiwan 873, fig. 353. 1963; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 203, 图5819. 1975; 云南种子植物名录, 下册: 1249. 1984; 浙江植物志6: 114. 图6-143. 1993.
藤本或攀缘灌木，长通常2-5米；枝多数，圆柱形，节明显，被柔毛或无毛，幼嫩时密被黄褐色倒伏的硬毛。叶坚纸质至革质，卵形、卵状长圆形至披针形，长2-9.5厘米，宽0.8-3.5厘米，顶端短尖、渐尖至尾状渐尖，基部圆形，干时黄绿色，上面稍光亮，两面无毛或稀被长硬毛，中脉在两面均有疏长硬毛，边缘无毛或有疏睫毛；侧脉3-4对，纤细，在下面明显或稍明显；叶柄长2-5毫米，有硬毛，稀无毛；托叶披针形，长3-7毫米，脱落。花单生于叶腋，常对生；花梗纤细，长3-18毫米，无毛或有柔毛，常在上部有1对长约1毫米的小苞片；花萼长2.5-3.5毫米，无毛或有柔毛，萼管卵形，檐部5裂，裂片卵状三角形，长0.8-1毫米；花冠白色或黄色，高脚碟状，外面被绢毛，长1.2-2厘米，冠管圆筒形，长0.8-1.5厘米，宽约1.5毫米，内面上部有柔毛，裂片5，长圆形，长4-6毫米，宽约1.5毫米，内面中部有柔毛，开放时反折；雄蕊5枚，花丝短，花药线状披针形，长3.5-4毫米，伸出；花柱长约13毫米，无毛，柱头纺锤形，长2.5-3毫米，伸出。蒴果稍扁球形，中间有1浅沟，直径5-8毫米，长4-6毫米，淡黄色，果皮硬，木质，顶有宿存萼裂片，果柄纤细，长可达2厘米；种子多数，近圆形，薄而扁，棕黑色，直径1.5-2毫米，边缘流苏状。花期5-7月，果期5-12月。
产于安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖北、湖南、广东、香港、广西、四川、贵州、云南；生于海拔100-1450米处的山地或丘陵的林中或灌丛中。国外分布于日本琉球群岛。模式标本采自香港。
根辛辣，可治皮炎。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Coptosapelta diffusa (Champion ex Bentham) Steenis Amer. J. Bot. 56: 806. 1969.
流苏子 liu su zi
Thysanospermum diffusum Champion ex Bentham, Hooker’s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 4: 168. 1852.
Lianas or scandent shrubs, 2-5 m or taller, often much branched; branches densely hirtellous or strigillose to strigose often becoming glabrescent with age. Petiole 2-5 mm, hirsute to strigose or rarely glabrous; leaf blade drying papery to leathery and often yellowish green, ovate or ovate-oblong to lanceolate, 2-9.5 × 0.8-3.5 cm, adaxially rather shiny and glabrous except strigose to hirsute along costa, abaxially glabrous except strigose to hirsute on principal veins, base rounded to obtuse, margins sometimes sparsely ciliate and/or thinly revolute, apex acute or acuminate; secondary veins 4 or 5 pairs; stipules lanceolate to narrowly triangular, 2-7 mm, acute. Inflorescences with peduncles slender, 3-20 mm, glabrous or usually strigose to hirtellous; bracts 1 or 2 on upper part of peduncle, 0.5-1 mm. Calyx glabrous to strigillose; ovary portion subglobose, 1-2 mm; limb deeply lobed; lobes ovate-triangular, 0.8-1 mm. Corolla outside glabrous to strigillose or sericeous, inside hirtellous in upper part of tube and usually onto basal half of lobes; tube cylindrical to somewhat funnelform, 8-15 mm; lobes elliptic-oblong to spatulate, 4-6 mm, obtuse to rounded. Anthers 3.5-4 mm. Stigma 2.5-3 mm. Capsule brownish yellow, compressed globose or compressed ellipsoid, weakly didymous, 4-6 × 5-8 mm; seeds 1.5-2 mm in diam. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Jun-Dec.
Thickets or forests on mountains or hills; 100-1500 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan (Ryukyu Islands)].
This is a commonly collected species in China.This is a commonly collected species in China.