穴果木Coelospermum kanehirae Merr.
穴果木Coelospermum kanehirae Merr.
1. 穴果木（中国种子植物科属词典）图版42：4-6
Coelospermum kanehirae Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 288. 1928. et in Suny atsenia 1: 80. 1930; 海南植物志3: 342. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 257, 图5298. 1975.
藤本，常呈灌木状或小乔木状；茎无毛或近无毛。叶对生，革质或厚纸质，干后棕黄色或有时带淡黑色，椭圆形、卵圆形或倒卵形，长7-12厘米，宽5-10厘米，顶端短尖、钝或圆，基部楔形或圆，全缘，上面光亮，无毛，下面常被疏柔毛；侧脉每达4-7条，弯曲网结，上面凹陷，下面凸起；叶柄长1-2.5厘米；托叶生叶柄间，每侧2片合生成半圆环形或略呈扁三角形，顶截平或具2短尖齿。聚伞状圆锥花序由3-9个伞形花序组成，长达17厘米，顶生，有时兼腋生；伞形花序梗和花梗被粉状微柔毛；花梗长约6毫米；萼杯形或钟形，革质，背面被粉状微毛，檐部环状，顶截平或具4-5细齿；花冠高脚碟形，白色或乳黄色，长1.1-1.2厘米，外面无毛或疏具乳突状毛；管部内面和喉部密被柔毛，檐部4-5裂，裂片线形或长圆状线形，长5-6毫米；雄蕊4-5，着生冠管口处，花丝扁，长4-5毫米，花药丁字着生，长5-7毫米，线形，下部常稍叉开，2室，纵裂；花柱棱柱形，自下向上扩大，长8-10毫米，2裂，裂片线形，长约4毫米，叉开或粘连；子房4室，每室胚珠1颗，有时1-2室不育而呈假2-3室；胚珠着生子房室内下角，2粒扁圆形，侧边着生于隔膜，横生，另2粒扁长圆形，侧上部着生于隔膜，下垂。核果浆果状，近球形，直径8-12毫米；分核4 (-2或3)，坚纸质，扁或稍钝三棱形，稍内弯，内具种子1颗；胚直，胚轴与子叶近等长，外包以一薄层胚乳。花期4-5月，果期7-9月。
我国特产，产广东西部至海南。生于山地和丘陵的疏林下或灌丛中。模式标本采自海南。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Caelospermum truncatum (Wallich) Baillon ex K. Schu-mann in Engler & Prantl Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(4): 136. 1891.
穴果木 xue guo mu
Webera truncata Wallich in Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. 2: 538. 1824; Caelospermum kanehirae Merrill; C. morindiforme Pierre ex Pitard; C. scandens Blume.
Lianas or weak shrubs, to 15 m high; branches weakly flattened to subterete or quadrangular, glabrous or glabrescent. Leaves opposite; petiole 10-25 mm, glabrous to puberulent; blade drying leathery or thickly papery and brownish yellow to pale black, elliptic, elliptic-oblong, lanceolate-oblong, ovate, or obovate, 7-15 × 3-10 cm, adaxially glabrous, abaxially paler and glabrous to puberulent, base cuneate to rounded, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded; secondary veins 4-7 pairs, with pilosulous domatia; stipules broadly triangular, 1-4.5 mm, truncate or 2-denticulate. Inflorescence a cymose panicle of 3-9 corymbs or umbels, 6-17 cm, mealy puberulent; peduncles 2.5-4 cm; umbels 3-20-flowered; bracts reduced. Flowers free, subsessile to pedicellate, pedicels to 6(-11) mm. Calyx mealy puberulent to glabrescent; ovary portion subglobose to cupuliform, 1-1.5 mm; limb 1-2 mm, truncate or 4- or 5-denticulate. Corolla salverform, outside glabrous to sparsely papillose; tube (4-)5-6(-9) mm, pubescent in upper part and throat; lobes linear to oblong-linear, (4.5-)5-6(-12) mm. Drupes subglobose, 8-12(-27) mm in diam. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jul-Sep.
Thickets or sparse forests on hills or mountains; sea level to 1900 m. Guangxi, Hainan [Cambodia, Indonesia (Borneo, Java, Sumatra), Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam].
Measurements in parentheses here come from Johansson’s (Blumea 3: 265-297. 1988) description of this species throughout its range. He noted that the most widely used name for this species is Caelospermum scandens, here included as an aid to relating the Chinese species to the SE Asian flora.Measurements in parentheses here come from Johansson’s (Blumea 3: 265-297. 1988) description of this species throughout its range. He noted that the most widely used name for this species is Caelospermum scandens, here included as an aid to relating the Chinese species to the SE Asian flora.
科名：茜草科 Rubiaceae
属名：穴果木属 Coelospermum
1. 穴果木（中国种子植物科属词典）图版42：4-6
Coelospermum kanehirae Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 288. 1928. et in Suny atsenia 1: 80. 1930; 海南植物志3: 342. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 257, 图5298. 1975.
藤本，常呈灌木状或小乔木状；茎无毛或近无毛。叶对生，革质或厚纸质，干后棕黄色或有时带淡黑色，椭圆形、卵圆形或倒卵形，长7-12厘米，宽5-10厘米，顶端短尖、钝或圆，基部楔形或圆，全缘，上面光亮，无毛，下面常被疏柔毛；侧脉每达4-7条，弯曲网结，上面凹陷，下面凸起；叶柄长1-2.5厘米；托叶生叶柄间，每侧2片合生成半圆环形或略呈扁三角形，顶截平或具2短尖齿。聚伞状圆锥花序由3-9个伞形花序组成，长达17厘米，顶生，有时兼腋生；伞形花序梗和花梗被粉状微柔毛；花梗长约6毫米；萼杯形或钟形，革质，背面被粉状微毛，檐部环状，顶截平或具4-5细齿；花冠高脚碟形，白色或乳黄色，长1.1-1.2厘米，外面无毛或疏具乳突状毛；管部内面和喉部密被柔毛，檐部4-5裂，裂片线形或长圆状线形，长5-6毫米；雄蕊4-5，着生冠管口处，花丝扁，长4-5毫米，花药丁字着生，长5-7毫米，线形，下部常稍叉开，2室，纵裂；花柱棱柱形，自下向上扩大，长8-10毫米，2裂，裂片线形，长约4毫米，叉开或粘连；子房4室，每室胚珠1颗，有时1-2室不育而呈假2-3室；胚珠着生子房室内下角，2粒扁圆形，侧边着生于隔膜，横生，另2粒扁长圆形，侧上部着生于隔膜，下垂。核果浆果状，近球形，直径8-12毫米；分核4 (-2或3)，坚纸质，扁或稍钝三棱形，稍内弯，内具种子1颗；胚直，胚轴与子叶近等长，外包以一薄层胚乳。花期4-5月，果期7-9月。
我国特产，产广东西部至海南。生于山地和丘陵的疏林下或灌丛中。模式标本采自海南。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Caelospermum truncatum (Wallich) Baillon ex K. Schu-mann in Engler & Prantl Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(4): 136. 1891.
穴果木 xue guo mu
Webera truncata Wallich in Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. 2: 538. 1824; Caelospermum kanehirae Merrill; C. morindiforme Pierre ex Pitard; C. scandens Blume.
Lianas or weak shrubs, to 15 m high; branches weakly flattened to subterete or quadrangular, glabrous or glabrescent. Leaves opposite; petiole 10-25 mm, glabrous to puberulent; blade drying leathery or thickly papery and brownish yellow to pale black, elliptic, elliptic-oblong, lanceolate-oblong, ovate, or obovate, 7-15 × 3-10 cm, adaxially glabrous, abaxially paler and glabrous to puberulent, base cuneate to rounded, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded; secondary veins 4-7 pairs, with pilosulous domatia; stipules broadly triangular, 1-4.5 mm, truncate or 2-denticulate. Inflorescence a cymose panicle of 3-9 corymbs or umbels, 6-17 cm, mealy puberulent; peduncles 2.5-4 cm; umbels 3-20-flowered; bracts reduced. Flowers free, subsessile to pedicellate, pedicels to 6(-11) mm. Calyx mealy puberulent to glabrescent; ovary portion subglobose to cupuliform, 1-1.5 mm; limb 1-2 mm, truncate or 4- or 5-denticulate. Corolla salverform, outside glabrous to sparsely papillose; tube (4-)5-6(-9) mm, pubescent in upper part and throat; lobes linear to oblong-linear, (4.5-)5-6(-12) mm. Drupes subglobose, 8-12(-27) mm in diam. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jul-Sep.
Thickets or sparse forests on hills or mountains; sea level to 1900 m. Guangxi, Hainan [Cambodia, Indonesia (Borneo, Java, Sumatra), Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam].
Measurements in parentheses here come from Johansson’s (Blumea 3: 265-297. 1988) description of this species throughout its range. He noted that the most widely used name for this species is Caelospermum scandens, here included as an aid to relating the Chinese species to the SE Asian flora.Measurements in parentheses here come from Johansson’s (Blumea 3: 265-297. 1988) description of this species throughout its range. He noted that the most widely used name for this species is Caelospermum scandens, here included as an aid to relating the Chinese species to the SE Asian flora.