栏目

矮地榆Sanguisorba filiformis (Hook. f.) Hand.-Mazz.

矮地榆Sanguisorba filiformis (Hook. f.) Hand.-Mazz.

别名:白花地榆;地榆;地海参;线叶地榆;虫莲;五母那包;金钱回;

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:地榆属 Sanguisorba

《中国植物志》第37卷469页
  4.矮地榆(中国高等植物图鉴)虫莲
  Sanguisorba filiformis (Hook. f.) Hand.-Mazz. Symb. San. 7:524. 1933;中国高等植物图鉴2: 256.图2242. 1972; 俞德浚、李朝銮, 植物分类学报17 (1): 12. 1979.——Poterium filiforme Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: .362. 1878.
  多年生草本。根圆柱形,表面棕褐色。茎高8-35厘米,纤细,无毛。基生叶为羽状复叶,有小叶3-5对,叶柄光滑,小叶片有短柄稀几无柄,宽卵形或近圆形,长0.4-1.5厘米,宽与长几相等,顶端圆钝,稀近截形,基部圆形至微心形,边缘有圆钝锯齿,上面暗绿色,下面绿色,两面均无毛,茎生叶1-3,与基生叶相似,惟向上小叶对数逐渐减少;基生叶托叶褐色,膜质,外面无毛,茎生叶托叶草质,绿色,全缘或有齿。花单性,雌雄同株,花序头状,几球形,直径3-7毫米,周围为雄花,中央为雌花;苞片细小,卵形,边缘有稀疏睫毛;萼片4,白色,长倒卵形,外面无毛;雄蕊7-8枚,花丝丝状,比萼片长约1倍;花柱丝状,比萼片长1/2-1倍,柱头呈乳头头状扩大。果有4稜 ,成熟时萼片脱落。花果期6-9月。
  产四川、云南、西藏。生山坡草地及沼泽,海拔1200-4000米。锡金也有分布。
  本种根入药,治痛经等症。
形态特征:多年生草本。根圆柱形;表面棕褐色。茎高8-35厘米,纤细;无毛。基生叶为羽状复叶,有小叶3---5对,叶柄光滑,小叶片有短柄稀几无柄,宽卵形或近圆形;长0.4---1.5厘米,宽与长几相等,顶端圆钝;稀近截形,基部圆形至微心形,边缘有圆钝锯齿,上面暗绿色,下面绿色,两面均无毛,茎生叶1—3,与基生叶相似,惟向上小叶对数遂渐减少;基生叶托叶褐色,膜质,外面无毛,茎生叶托叶草质,绿色,全缘或有齿。花单性,雌雄同株;花序头状,几球形,直径3一7毫米,周围为雄花,中央为雌花;苞片细小,卵形,边缘有稀疏睫毛;萼片4,白色;长倒卵形,外面无毛;雄蕊7一8枚,花丝丝状,比萼片长约1倍;花柱丝状,比萼片长1/2—1倍,柱头呈乳头头状扩大;果有4棱,成熟时萼片脱落。一花果期6——9月。
用    途:本种根入药,治痛经等症。
产地分布:产四川、云南、西藏。生山坡草地及沼泽,海拔1200—4000米。锡金也有分布。
参考文献:Sangulsorba filiformis(Hook·f.)Hand.-Mazz Symb. Sin.7:524.1933;中国高等植物图鉴2:256.图2242.1972;俞德浚、李朝銮,植物分类学报17(1):12.1979.--Poterium filiforme Hook.F.F1.Brit.Ind.2:362.1878.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Sanguisorba filiformis  (J. D. Hooker) Handel-Mazzetti
矮地榆   ai di yu
Poterium filiforme J. D. Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 2: 362. 1878.
Herbs perennial, monoecious, 8–35 cm tall. Rootstock brown, terete. Stems slender, glabrous. Radical leaves: stipules brown, membranous, abaxially glabrous; petiole glabrous; leaf blade with 3–5 pairs of leaflets; leaflets shortly petiolulate, rarely subsessile, broadly ovate or suborbicular, 0.4–1.5 cm, both surfaces glabrous, base subcordate to rounded, margin obtusely serrate, apex rounded, rarely truncate; cauline leaves: stipules green, herbaceous, margin entire or serrate; leaf blade resembling that of radical leaves but leaflets fewer higher up stem. Inflorescences capitate, subglobose, 3–7 mm in diam., with male flowers surrounding females; bracts ovate, minute, membranous, glabrous, margin entire or sparsely ciliate. Sepals 4, white, narrowly elliptic to long obovate, abaxially glabrous. Stamens 7 or 8; filaments filiform, nearly 2 × as long as sepals. Style filiform, 0.5–1.5 × as long as sepals; stigma dilated, papillate. Fruiting hypanthium longitudinally 4-ribbed; sepals deciduous when mature. Fl. and fr. Jun–Sep.
Meadows on mountain slopes, marshes; 1200--4500 m. Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, Sikkim].
This species is used medicinally.

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