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西藏悬钩子Rubus thibetanus Franch.

西藏悬钩子Rubus thibetanus Franch.

别名:莓儿刺;红莓子;藏莓;

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:悬钩子属 Rubus

《中国植物志》第37卷065页
  26.西藏悬钩子(秦岭植物志)藏莓(经济植物手册),莓儿刺、红莓子(甘肃)
  Rubus thibetanus Franch. in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris ser. 2. 8: 221. 1885; Focke, Bibl. Bot. 72(2): 179. f. 74. 1911 et in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 1: 54. 1911; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 534. 图448. 1974. ——R. veitchii Rolfe in Kew Bull. 1909: 258. 1909.
  灌木,高2-3米;枝红褐色,被白粉,具疏皮刺,幼时密被柔毛。小叶(5)7-11(13)枚,上面具柔毛,下面密被灰白色绒毛,边缘具深裂或粗锐锯齿;顶生小叶卵状披针形,长2.5-6.5厘米,宽1.5-2.5厘米,比侧生小叶长1倍以上,顶端长渐尖,边缘常羽状分裂,侧生小叶斜卵形或卵状圆形,长1-3厘米,宽0.6-1.5厘米,边缘自近中部以上具数个粗锐锯齿;叶柄长1-2厘米,顶生小叶柄长0.7-1.5厘米,但侧生小叶无柄,均密被柔毛和稀疏细皮刺;托叶线状披针形,有柔毛。伞房花序常生于侧枝顶端,具花3-8朵,稀单花生于叶腋;花梗和总花梗均密被柔毛;花梗长1-1.5厘米;苞片线形,具柔毛;花直径1-1.2厘米;花萼外面密被柔毛;萼片三角披针形,顶端渐尖,花时开展,果时常反折;花瓣圆卵形,浅红色至紫红色(原始记录为白色),长约4毫米;雄蕊紫红色,几与花柱等长;花柱长约3毫米,无毛,子房密被柔毛。果实近球形,直径8-10毫米,紫黑色或暗红色,密被灰色柔毛;核有细密皱纹。花期6月,果期8月。
  产陕西、甘肃、四川。生低山灌丛中、林缘、山坡路旁或水沟旁,海拔900-2100米。
  此种虽名为西藏悬钩子,但模式产地在四川西部宝兴,尚未见到西藏标本。
  本种和密刺悬钩子R. subtibetanus Hand.-Mazz.区别在于后者枝密被长短不等的细小皮刺;小叶3-5枚,具较长叶柄,顶生小叶卵形,仅稍长于侧生小叶。
形态特征:灌木,高2—3米;枝红褐色,被白粉。具疏皮刺。钠时密被柔毛 。小叶(5)-7-11(13)枚,上面具柔毛,下面密被灰白色绒毛,边缘具深裂或粗锐锯齿;顶生小叶卵状披针形;长2.5—6.5厘米,宽1.5-2.5厘米,比侧生小叶长1倍以上引顶端长渐尖,边缘常羽状分裂,侧生小叶斜卵形或卵状圆形,长1—3厘米,宽0.6-15厘米,边缘自近中部以上具数个粗。锐锯齿;叶柄长I一2厘米,顶生小叶柄长0.7-1.5:厘米,但侧生小叶无柄,均密被柔毛和.稀疏细皮刺;托叶线状披针形,有柔毛。伞房花序常生于侧枝顶端,具花3-8朵;稀单花生于叶腋;花梗和总花梗均密被柔毛;花梗长1-1.5厘米;苞片线形,具柔毛;花直径1—1.2厘米;花萼外面密被柔毛;萼片三角披针形;顶端渐尖;,花时开展;果时常反折;花瓣圆卵形,浅红色至紫红色(原始记录为白色),长约斗毫米:雄蕊紫红色,几与花柱等长:花柱长约3毫米,无毛,子房密被柔毛。果实近球形,直径8—10毫米,紫黑色或暗红色;密被灰色柔毛;核有细密皱纹。 花期6月,果期8月。
产地分布:产陕西、甘肃、四川。生低山灌丛中、林缘、山坡路旁或水沟旁,海拔900-2100米。
本种提示:此种虽名为’西藏悬钩子;但模式产地在四川西部宝兴,尚未见到西藏标本。 本种和密刺悬钩子R.Subtibetands Hand—Mazz.区别在于后者枝密被长短不等的细小皮刺;小叶3—5枚,具较长叶柄,顶生小叶卵形,仅稍长于侧生小叶。
参考文献:Rubus thibetanus Franch.In Nouv.Arch.Mus.:Hist。:Nat.Paris ser.2.8:221.1885;Focke,BiN.Bot.:Y2(2):179(2)·f.74·1911 et in Sarg·pl.Wils.l:54.1911;秦岭植物志1(2):534.图448。1974.-R.Veitchii Rolfe in bull 1909: 258.1909;
亚组概述:Subsect.Stimuiantes:Yu et.Lu,.植物分类学报20(3):299.1982.-Sect.Pungentes Focke,Bibl.Bot.72(2):160;1911 et,83:40. 1914·P.P. -Sect。Ldaeanthi Focke,L c.72(2):171.1911,et 83:·43.1914.P.P。 本亚组有下列13种。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rubus thibetanus  Franchet
西藏悬钩子   xi zang xuan gou zi
Rubus veitchii Rolfe.
Shrubs 2–3 m tall. Branchlets reddish brown, cylindric, initially densely soft hairy, glabrescent, with sparse prickles, with white bloom. Leaves imparipinnate, (5–)7–11(–13)-foliolate; petiole 1–2 cm, petiolule of terminal leaflet 0.7–1.5 cm, lateral leaflets sessile, petiolule and rachis with dense soft hairs and sparse, slender prickles; stipules linear-lanceolate, 4–8 mm, pubescent; blade of leaflets variable, terminal leaflet ovate-lanceolate, 2.5–6.5 × 1.5–2.5 cm, more than 2 × as long as lateral leaflets, margin often pinnately lobed, deeply incised or coarsely sharply serrate, apex long acuminate, lateral leaflets obliquely ovate or ovate-orbicular, 1–3 × 0.6–1.5 cm, margin with several large sharp teeth above middle, abaxially densely gray tomentose, adaxially pubescent. Inflorescences terminal, corymbose, 2–4 cm, 3–8-flowered, rarely flowers solitary in leaf axils; rachis and pedicels densely pubescent; bracts linear, 4–6 mm, pubescent. Pedicel 1–1.5 cm. Flowers 1–1.2 cm in diam. Calyx abaxially densely pubescent; sepals spreading at anthesis, reflexed in fruit, triangular-lanceolate, 5–7 × 2–4 mm, apex acuminate. Petals pink or purplish red, orbicular-ovate, 3–4.5 × 3–4 mm. Stamens numerous, purplish red; filaments linear. Pistils nearly as long as stamens; ovary densely pubescent; styles ca. 3 mm, glabrous. Aggregate fruit purplish black or dark red, subglobose, 8–10 mm in diam., densely gray pubescent; pyrenes densely rugulose. Fl. Jun, fr. Aug.
Thickets, forest margins, roadsides, slopes, ravines, dry places; 900--2100 m. Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang.

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