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桂滇悬钩子Rubus shihae Metc.

桂滇悬钩子Rubus shihae Metc.

别名:桂北悬钩子;

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:悬钩子属 Rubus

《中国植物志》第37卷175页
  141.桂滇悬钩子
  Rubus shihae Metc. in Lingn. Sci. Journ. 19:31. Pl. 5. 1940.
  攀援灌木,高可达5米;枝褐色,老时无毛,幼时具柔毛,疏生钩状小皮刺。单叶,卵形至宽卵形,稀近圆形,长8-11厘米,宽5-9厘米,顶端急尖至短渐尖,基部截形至浅心形,上面无毛,下面密被黄色至锈色绒毛,沿叶脉具长柔毛,边缘波状或稍微浅裂,有不整齐具突尖头的粗锯齿,侧脉4-6对;叶柄长2-4厘米,幼时有柔毛,老时渐脱落,疏生小皮刺;托叶离生,长圆形或卵状披针形,长不到1厘米,被黄色绒毛状毛,顶端掌状分裂,裂片披针形。花序短总状,顶生和腋生或花数朵团集于叶腋;总花梗和花梗密被黄色绒毛状柔毛;花梗长不到1厘米;苞片与托叶相似,惟较小;花直径6-9毫米;花萼外密被浅黄色至黄色绢状长柔毛和绒毛;萼片披针形,顶端渐尖,外萼片顶端常浅裂,内萼片全缘,在果期常直立;花瓣近圆形或倒卵形,微具柔毛,顶端缺刻状,基部具短爪,短于萼片;雄蕊多数,花丝近基部较宽;雌蕊长于雄蕊,子房和花柱无毛。果实红色,无毛,由少数小核果组成,包藏于宿萼内;核具浅皱纹。花期6-7月,果期8-9月。
  产广西、云南。生低海拔至中海拔地段的丘陵或山谷密林中。
  本种和裂叶悬钩子R. lobophyllus Shih ex Metc.比较,后者叶片下面被浅灰色至浅黄灰色绒毛,边缘明显浅裂,裂片三角形,顶生裂片比侧生者长大得多,基部深心形;萼片卵形,顶端渐尖。又和锈叶悬钩子R. fuscifolius Yu et Lu相近,但后者全体被锈褐色绒毛;托叶和苞片长大;叶片边缘浅裂,有不整齐尖锐重锯齿;萼片卵形。三者可以区别。
形态特征:攀援灌木,高可达5米;枝褐色,老时无毛,幼时具柔毛;疏生钩伏小皮刺。单叶,卵形至宽卵形;稀近圆形;长8-11厘米,宽5—9厘米,顶端急尖至短渐尖,基部截形至浅心形,上面无毛,下面密被黄色至锈色绒毛;沿叶脉具长柔毛,边缘波状或稍微浅裂,有不整齐具尖头的粗锯齿,侧脉4-6对;叶柄长2-4厘米,幼时有柔毛;老时渐脱落,疏生小皮刺;托叶离生;长圆形或卵状披针形,长不到l厘米,被黄色绒毛状毛,顶端掌状分裂;裂片披针形。花序短总状,顶生和腋生或花数朵团集于叶腋;总花梗和花梗密被黄色绒毛状柔毛;花梗长不到1厘米;苞片与托叶相似,惟较小;花直径6—9毫米;花萼外密被浅黄色至黄色绢状长柔毛和绒毛;萼片披针形,顶端渐尖,外萼片顶端常浅裂,内萼片全缘,在果期常直立;花瓣近圆形或倒卵形,微具柔毛,顶端缺刻状,基部具短爪,短于萼片;雄蕊多数,花丝近基部较宽;雌蕊长于雄蕊,子房和花柱无毛。果实红色,无毛,由少数小核果组成,包藏于宿萼内;核具浅皱纹。 花期6-7月,果期8—9月。
产地分布:产广西、云南。生低海拔至中海拔地段的丘陵或山谷密林中。
本种提示:本种和裂叶悬钩子R.1obophyllus Shih ex Metc.比较,后者叶片下面被浅灰色至浅黄灰色绒毛,边缘明显浅裂,裂片三角形,顶生裂片比侧生者长大得多,基部深心形;萼片卵形,顶端渐尖。 又和锈叶悬钩子R.Fuscifolius Yu et Lu 相近,但后者全体被锈褐色绒毛;托叶和苞片长大;叶片边缘浅裂,有不整齐尖锐重锯齿;萼片卵形。 三者可以区别。
参考文献:Rubus shihae;Metc;、in Lingn.Sci.Journ 19:31。Pl.5.1940.
亚组概述:Subsect.Fuscifolii Y6 et Lu,植物分类学报20(4):458.1982——Sect.Moluccani Focke,Bibl.Bot.?2(1):71.1910 et 83:28.1914·p.P. 本亚组有下列7种。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rubus shihae  F. P. Metcalf
桂滇悬钩子   gui dian xuan gou zi
Shrubs scandent, to 5 m tall. Branchlets brown or reddish brown, terete, soft hairy when young, glabrescent, with sparse, curved minute prickles. Leaves simple; petiole 2–4 cm, villous when young, glabrescent, with sparse, minute prickles; stipules caducous, free, oblong or ovate-lanceolate, 6–9 mm, yellow tomentose-villous, apex palmately lobed, lobes lanceolate; blade ovate to broadly ovate, rarely suborbicular, 8–11 × 5–9 cm, lateral veins 4–6 pairs, raised abaxially, abaxially densely rusty yellow tomentose, with long hairs along veins, adaxially glabrous, base truncate to shallowly cordate, margin undulate or slightly lobed, irregularly coarsely abruptly pointed-serrate, apex acute to shortly acuminate. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, short subracemes, loose, few flowered, sometimes flowers several in clusters in leaf axils or solitary; rachis and pedicels densely yellow tomentose-villous; bracts broadly obovate to oblong, 5–8 mm, yellow tomentose-villous, apex palmately lobed; lobes lanceolate. Pedicel 3–7 mm. Flowers 6–9 mm in diam. Calyx abaxially densely yellow sericeous-villous; sepals erect in fruit, lanceolate, 5–8 × 2.5–4 mm, margin tomentose, apex acuminate; outer sepals apically often lobed, inner sepals entire. Petals suborbicular or obovate, 4–6 × 3.5–5 mm, shorter than sepals, puberulous, base shortly clawed, apex incised. Stamens many, shorter than petals; filaments broader toward base. Pistils longer than stamens; ovary and style glabrous. Aggregate fruit red, glabrous, with few drupelets, enclosed in persistent calyx; pyrenes shallowly rugose. Fl. Jun–Jul, fr. Aug–Sep.
Hills, montane valleys, dense forests; Low to medium elevations. W Guangxi, S Guizhou, Yunnan.

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