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五叶悬钩子Rubus quinquefoliolatus Yü et Lu

五叶悬钩子Rubus quinquefoliolatus Yü et Lu

别名:

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:悬钩子属 Rubus

《中国植物志》第37卷111页
  74.五叶悬钩子 图版12: 6-8
  Rubus quinquefoliolatus Yu et Lu植物分类学报20 (3): 306, pl. 2. f, 1. 1982,
  攀援灌木,高约1.5米;枝圆柱形,灰棕褐色至紫褐色,幼时有柔毛,老时脱落,疏生皮刺。叶常为掌状5小叶,椭圆状披针形或菱状披针形,长3-7厘米,宽1-2.4厘米,顶端渐尖至尾尖,基部楔形,两面仅沿叶脉具柔毛,边缘有粗锐锯齿和重锯齿;叶柄长2-4厘米,具柔毛,小叶无柄或几无柄;托叶线状披针形,着生于叶柄基部,仅基部与叶柄连合或近分离,微有柔毛,常不分裂;花常单生于侧生小枝顶端;花梗长2-3.5厘米,无毛;苞片与托叶相似;花直径1.5-2厘米;花萼外面无毛,仅于内萼片边缘具绒毛,无刺或有稀疏针刺;萼片卵状披针形或三角状披针形,顶端尾尖,全缘,稀内萼片2-3浅条裂,在果期直立;花瓣卵形或椭圆形,白色,微有柔毛,几无爪,比萼片短得多;雄蕊单列,花丝宽扁;雌蕊10-15,花柱基部和子房均有浅黄色长柔毛。果实半球形,包藏在萼内,直径1-1.5厘米,红色,与宿存花柱基部均具长柔毛;核长达4毫米,有皱纹。花期4-5月,果期5-6月。
  产云南、贵州。生山坡、溪边疏密林下或分水岭杂木林中,海拔1550-2450米。
  本种和掌叶悬钩子R. pentagonus Wall. ex Focke相近,但后者常为掌状3小叶;叶柄、花梗或小枝有腺毛;花萼具稀疏不等的针刺和腺毛;果实无毛。又和R. alpestris Blume区别在于后者枝、叶柄和花梗均无毛,但有腺毛;花单生或成少花疏松圆锥花序;苞片常3裂;花萼具柔毛;果实无毛,三者可以区别。
形态特征:攀援灌木,高约1.5米;枝圆柱形,:灰棕褐色至紫褐色,幼时有柔毛,老时脱落,疏生皮 刺。叶常为掌状5小叶,椭圆状披针形或菱状披针形,长3一7厘米,宽1—2.4厘米,顶端 惭尖至尾尖,基部楔形,两面仅沿叶脉具柔毛,边缘有粗锐锯齿和重锯齿;叶柄长2-4厘 米,具柔毛,小叶无柄或几无柄;托叶线状披针形;着生于叶柄基部,仅基部与叶柄连合或 近分离,微有柔毛,常不分裂;花常单生于侧生小枝顶端;花梗长2-3.5厘米,无毛;苞片 与托叶相似;花直径1.5—2·厘米;花萼外面无毛,仅于内萼片边缘具绒毛,无刺或有稀疏 针刺;萼片卵状披针形或三角状披针形,顶端尾尖,,全缘,稀内萼片2—3浅条裂;在果期直 立;花瓣卵形或椭圆形,,白色,微有柔毛,几无爪,比萼片短得多;雄蕊单列;花丝宽扁;雌蕊 10-15,花柱基部和子房均有浅黄色长柔毛。果实半球形,包藏在萼内,直径1一1.5厘米, 红色,与宿存花柱基部均具长柔毛;核长达4毫米,有皱纹。花期4—5月,果期5-6月。
产地分布:产云南.贵州。生山坡.溪边疏密林下或分冰岭杂木林中,海拔1550—2450米。
本种提示:本种和掌叶悬钩子R一Pentagonus,Wall.ex Focke 相近,但后者常为掌状3小叶;叶 柄.花梗或小枝有腺毛;花萼具稀疏不等的针刺和腺毛;果实无毛。叉和;r. alpestisBlume —区别在于后者枝.叶柄和花梗均无毛;但有腺毛;花单生或成少花疏松圆锥花序;苞片常3 裂I花萼具柔毛;果实无毛,三春可以区别。
参考文献:Rubus quinquefoliolatus Yu ct Lu,植物分类学报20(3):306.Pl .2。F.1。1982.
亚组概述:Subsect·Alpestres(Focke)Ya;et lu,植物分类学报20(3):305.1982.---Sect.Alpsstres:Focke;Bibl.Bot .72(2):143.1911 et 83:37.1914. 本亚组有下列2种。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rubus quinquefoliolatus  T. T. Yu & L. T. Lu
五叶悬钩子   wu ye xuan gou zi
Shrubs scandent, ca. 1.5 m tall. Branchlets reddish brown to purplish brown when young, grayish brown in age, terete, soft hairy, glabrescent, with sparse prickles. Leaves palmately 5-foliolate; petiole 2–4 cm; leaflets sessile or subsessile, soft hairy; stipules linear-lanceolate, 4–6 mm, puberulous, usually undivided; blade of leaflets elliptic-lanceolate or rhombic-lanceolate, 3–7 × 1–2.4 cm, terminal leaflet slightly longer than lateral leaflets, both surfaces soft hairy along veins, base cuneate, margin coarsely sharply serrate and doubly serrate, apex acuminate to caudate. Inflorescences terminal on lateral branchlets, 1-flowered; bracts linear-lanceolate, 3–5 mm, puberulous, margin entire. Pedicel 2–3.5 cm, glabrous. Flowers 1.5–2 cm in diam. Calyx abaxially glabrous, unarmed or with sparse, needle-like prickles; tube broadly pelviform; sepals erect, spreading, ovate-lanceolate or triangular-lanceolate, 8–10 mm, margin entire, rarely apically shallowly 2- or 3-laciniate, inner sepals tomentose at margin, apex caudate. Petals white, ovate or elliptic, much shorter than sepals, puberulous, base slightly clawed. Stamens many, uniseriate; filaments broad, complanate. Pistils 10–15; ovary and base of style yellowish villous. Aggregate fruit red, semiglobose, 1–1.5 cm in diam., together with persistent styles villous, enclosed in calyx; pyrenes to 4 mm, rugose. Fl. Apr–May, fr. May–Jun.
Slopes, stream side forests, mixed forests on low ridges; 1600--2500 m. SW Guizhou (Anlong Bouyeizu Miaozu Zizhixian), SW Yunnan (Shuangjiang Xian).

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