栏目

盾叶莓Rubus peltatus Maxim.

盾叶莓Rubus peltatus Maxim.

别名:黄泡;大叶复盆子;天青地白扭;牛奶母;楯叶莓;花果泡;大叶覆盆子;

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:悬钩子属 Rubus

《中国植物志》第37卷112页
  75.盾叶莓(中国高等植物图鉴)图版13: 1-3
  Rubus peltatus Maxim. in Bull. Atad. Sci. St. Pctersb. 8:384. 1871; Focke, Bibl. Bot. 72(2): 129. 1911; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 270. 图2270. 1972.
  直立或攀援灌木,高1-2米;枝红褐色或棕褐色,无毛,疏生皮刺,小枝常有白粉。叶片盾状,卵状圆形,长7-17厘米,宽6-15厘米,基部心形,两面均有贴生柔毛,下面毛较密并沿中脉有小皮刺,边缘3-5掌状分裂,裂片三角状卵形,顶端急尖或短渐尖,有不整齐细锯齿;叶柄4-8厘米,无毛,有小皮刺;托叶大,膜质,卵状披针形,长1-1.5厘米,无毛。单花顶生,直径约,厘米或更大;花梗长2.5-4.5厘米,无毛;苞片与托叶相似;萼筒常无毛;萼片卵状披针形,两面均有柔毛,边缘常有齿;花瓣近圆形,直径1.8-2.5厘米,白色,长于萼片;雄蕊多数,花丝钻形或线形;雌蕊很多,可达100,被柔毛。果实圆柱形或圆筒形,长3-4.5厘米,桔红色,密被柔毛;核具皱纹。花期4-5月,果期6-7月。
  产江西、湖北、安徽、浙江、四川、贵州。生山坡、山脚、山沟林下、林缘或较阴湿处,海拔300-1500米。日本也有。
  果可食用及药用,治腰腿酸疼;根皮可提制栲胶。
形态特征:直立灌木,高1-1.5米;茎红褐色或棕褐色,散生皮刺;小枝绿色,有白粉。单叶盾状,卵状圆形,长7.5-17厘米,宽6.5-15厘米,掌状3-5浅裂,中裂片较大,基部心形,边缘有不整齐细锯齿,上面有贴生硬毛,下面有柔毛,沿叶脉较密;叶柄长4.5-7.5厘米,有钩状细刺;托叶卵状披针形,长10-15厘米。单花和叶对生,白色,直径约5厘米;花梗长2.5-4.5厘米;萼裂片卵状披针形,边缘有疏齿,两面有白色绢毛。聚合果圆柱形,长3-4.5厘米,桔红色,小核果极多,密生伸展微柔毛。
分    布:安徽、浙江、江西、湖北
生    境:山坡或山沟
繁殖方式:种子
习    性:阳生
药用部位:果实
药用功能:治腰腿酸疼
药用主治:治腰腿酸疼

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rubus peltatus  Maximowicz
盾叶莓   dun ye mei
Shrubs upright or climbing, 1–2 m tall. Branchlets reddish brown or brownish, cylindric, glabrous, with sparse prickles; prickles broad, flat, glaucous. Leaves simple; petiole 4–8 cm, glabrous, with minute prickles; stipules brownish, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 1–1.5 cm × 7–10 mm, membranous, glabrous, margin entire; blade peltate, ovate-orbicular, 7–17 × 6–15 cm, both surfaces appressed villous, abaxially with more dense small prickles along midvein, base cordate, margin palmately 3–5-lobed; lobes triangular-ovate, terminal lobe slightly longer than or as long as lateral leaflets, irregularly tenuous-serrate, apex acute to shortly acuminate. Inflorescences ca. 5 cm or more in diam., 1-flowered; bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 7–12 × 4–7 mm, glabrous. Pedicel 2.5–4.5 cm, glabrous. Calyx tube pelviform, glabrous; sepals ovate-lanceolate, 1–1.4 cm × 6–8 mm, soft hairy, margin usually dentate, or apically laciniate; lobes linear. Petals white, suborbicular, 1.8–2.5 cm in diam., longer than sepals. Stamens numerous, unequal in length, much shorter than petals; filaments subulate or linear. Pistils to 100 or slightly more, soft hairy. Aggregate fruit orange-red, terete or cylindric, 3–4.5 × 1–1.5 cm, densely soft hairy; pyrenes rugose. Fl. Apr–May, fr. Jun–Jul. 2n = 14.
Slopes, foothills, forest margins, ravines, moist waste places; 300--1500 m. Anhui, Guizhou, Hubei, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang [Japan].
The edible fruit are used in medicine.

《全国中草药汇编》:盾叶莓


【拼音名】 Dùn Yè Méi
【来源】 蔷薇科盾叶莓Rubus peltatus Maxim.,以果实入药。
【生境分布】 安徽、浙江、江西、湖北。
【功能主治】 主治腰腿酸痛。
【用法用量】 果实2~3两,水煎,冲黄酒、红糖,早晚饭前服。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》
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