栏目

茅莓Rubus parvifolius Linn.

茅莓Rubus parvifolius Linn.

别名:红梅消,藕田蔗,小叶悬钩子

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:悬钩子属 Rubus

《中国植物志》第37卷068页
  30.茅莓(本草纲目)红梅消(植物名实图考)藕田藨(本草纲目),小叶悬钩子(华北经济植物志要),茅莓悬钩子(东北木本植物图志),草杨梅子(湖北),蛇泡簕(岭南采药录),牙鹰簕(广州),婆婆头(东北)
  Rubus parvifolius L. Sp. Pl. 1197. 1753 exclud. syn. ed. 2. 207. 1762. p. p.; Merr. in Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. n. ser. 24: 181 (Comm. Lour. Fl. Cochinch.) 1935: Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 18: 47. 1947;江苏南部种子植物手册 364. 图586. 1959; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 279. 图2288.1972; Li, Woody Fl. Taiwan 315. 1963; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 536. 1965; Liu et Su in Fl. Taiwan 3: 119. 1977. ——R. triphyllus Thunb. in Fl. Jap. 215. 1874; Focke in Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 29: 396. 1900 et Bibl. Bot. 72(2): 187. 1911; Nakai in Fl. Sylv. Kor. 7: 73. t. 31. 1918; Card. in Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 2: 647. 1920; Thuan. in Fl. Camb. Laos et Vietn. 7: 29. 1968. ——R. triphyllus Thunb. var. subconcolor Card. in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 3: 311. 1914.——R. parvifolius L. var. triphyllus (Thunb.) Nakai,Veg. Mt. Apoi 11. 1930. ——R. triphyllus Thunb. var. concolor Makino & Nemoto subvar. subconcolor Masamune ex Kudo & Masamune in Ann. Rep. Taihoku Bot. Gard. 3: 130. 1932. ——R. parvifolius L. var. subconcolor (Card.) Makino & Nemoto in Fl. Jap. ed. 2. 520. 1936.
种中文名:茅莓
种拉丁名:Rubus parvifolius Linn.
种别名  :红梅消,藕田蔗,小叶悬钩子
科中文名:蔷薇科
科拉丁名:Rosaceae
属中文名:悬钩子属
属拉丁名:Rubus
国内分布:黑,吉,辽,冀,晋,鲁,豫,陕,甘,鄂,湘,赣,青,苏,浙,闽,台,粤,桂,川,黔
海    拔:400-2600
命名来源:[F1.jap.ed. 2: 520. 1936]
英文植物志:9:214

【药 名】:茅莓

【拼 音】:HAOTIANBIAO

【来 源】:为蔷薇科植物茅莓的全草。

【功 效】:散瘀,止痛,解毒,杀虫。

【主 治】:治吐血,跌打刀伤,产后瘀滞腹痛,痢疾,痔疮,疥疮,瘰疠。

【性味归经】:甘酸,平。入肝、肺、肾三经

【用法用量】:内服:煎汤,3~6钱;或浸酒。外用:捣敷、研未撒或煎水洗。

【别 名】:藨、蛇泡竻、黑龙骨《生草药性备要》、 三月泡《辰溪县志》、红梅消、红琐梅、过江龙、倒筑伞(《植物名实图考》)、薅秧泡《分类草药性》、牙鹰竻(《广州植物志》)、倒生根、毛叶仙桥(《贵州民间方药集》)、虎波草、布田菠草、播田花(《福建民间草药》)、乳痈泡、鹰爪竻、种田蒲(《广西中兽医药植》)、天青地白草(《江苏植药志》)、细蛇叱、小还魂(《南宁市药物志》)、五月藨刺、龙船藨、红花脖竻《江西民间草药》、栽秧泡(《重庆草药》、蛇泡果《中华内科杂志》8(4):359,1960)、两头粘、五月红、陈刺波(《闽东本草》)、草杨梅、仙人搭桥《中国药植志》

【处方名】:茅莓、薅田藨、薅秧泡、薅秧藨、栽秧泡、蛇泡藨等

【商品名】:茅莓。以植株完整、肥壮、无杂质者为佳。

【药用部位】:本植物的根(薅田藨根)亦供药用,另详专条。

【动植物资源分布】:分布几遍全国。药材产于江苏、广西、福建、江西等地。

【药材的采收与储藏】:7~8月采收,割取全草,捆成小把,晒干。

【拉丁名】:Rubus parvifolius L.

【考 证】:出自《本草纲目》。

【生药材鉴定】:干燥花枝长约30厘米,叶片多少脱落,枝的表面红棕色或枯黄色,散生有短刺;质地坚实,断面黄白色,中央有白色的髓;叶片表面黄绿色,背面灰白色,具柔毛,常破碎不全,大多皱缩卷曲;花穗多数枯萎,花瓣多萎落不存。气微弱,味微苦而涩。以干燥、叶片多、无杂质者为佳。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rubus parvifolius  Linnaeus
茅莓   mao mei
Shrubs 1–2 m tall, with arching branches. Branchlets grayish brown or reddish brown to blackish brown, with soft hairs and sparse, curved prickles. Leaves imparipinnate, 3–5-foliolate; petiole 2.5–5 cm, terminal leaflet 1–2 cm, petiolulate, lateral leaflets subsessile, with soft hairs and sparse, minute prickles; stipules linear, 7–10 mm, soft hairy; blade of leaflets rhombic-orbicular or obovate, 2.5–6 × 2–6 cm, abaxially densely gray tomentose, adaxially appressed-pilose, base rounded or broadly cuneate, margin unevenly coarsely serrate or coarsely incised-doubly serrate, often lobed, apex obtuse or acute. Inflorescences terminal, corymbose, rarely short racemes, 4–8 cm, several to many flowered, axillary inflorescences corymbose; rachis and pedicels pubescent, with minute prickles; bracts linear, 6–10 mm, pubescent. Pedicel 0.5–1.5 cm. Flowers ca. 1 cm in diam. Calyx abaxially densely pubescent, with unequal long needle-like prickles; sepals erect, spreading, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, 5–8 × 2–4 mm, apex acuminate, occasionally laciniate. Petals pink to purplish red, ovate-orbicular or oblong, 4–6 × 3–4 mm, base clawed. Stamens numerous, somewhat shorter than petals; filaments white, linear. Pistils slightly longer than or ca. as long as stamens; ovary pubescent. Aggregate fruit red, ovoid-globose, 1–1.5 cm in diam., glabrous or somewhat pubescent; pyrenes shallowly rugose. Fl May–Jun, fr. Jul–Aug. 2n = 14*, 21*, 28*.
Forests, thickets, clearings, slopes, sunny valleys, roadsides, waste places; 400--2700 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Vietnam].
The fruit are eaten raw and are also used for making jam, jelly, juice, syrup, candy, wine, and vinegar. The dried fruit are used in traditional Chinese medicine. The young plants are used as a substitute for tea, and the stems and roots are a source of tannin.

《全国中草药汇编》:茅莓


【拼音名】 Máo Méi
【别名】 蛇泡簕、三月泡、红梅消、虎波草、薅秧藨
【来源】 蔷薇科悬钩子属植物茅莓Rubus parvifolius.,以入药。秋季挖根,夏秋采茎叶,鲜用或切段晒干。
【性味】 苦、涩,凉。
【功能主治】 清热凉血,散结,止痛,利尿消肿。用于感冒发热,咽喉肿痛,咯血,吐血,痢疾,肠炎,肝炎,肝脾肿大,肾炎水肿,泌尿系感染,结石,月经不调,白带,风湿骨痛,跌打肿痛;外用治湿疹,皮炎。
【用法用量】 0.5~1两;外用适量,鲜叶捣烂外敷,或煎水熏洗。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》
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