栏目

绿叶悬钩子Rubus komarovi Nakai

绿叶悬钩子Rubus komarovi Nakai

别名:

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:悬钩子属 Rubus

《中国植物志》第37卷064页
  24.绿叶悬钩子(东北木本植物图志)
  Rubus komarovi Nakai in Chosenshokubutsu 1: 304. 1914; Juzep. in Fl. URSS 10-20. 1941. ——R. melanolasius Focke var. concolor Kom. in Fl. Mansh. 2: 486. 1903 et in Acta Hort. Petrop. 22: 486. 1904. ——R. idaeus L. subsp. melanolasius f. concolor Kom. in sched. ——R. idaeus L. var. concolor Nakai in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 30: 230. 1916. ——R. idacus L. var. aculeatissimus Regel et Tiling f. concolor (Kom.) Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 644. 1953 et Fl. Jap. (Engl. ed.) 535. 1965. ——R. sachalinensis Levl. var. concolor (Kom.) Lauener et Ferguson in Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 30 (2): 278. 1970.
  灌木,高达1米;一年生枝常无白粉或稍具白粉,有绿色针刺,有时具稀疏腺毛。小叶3枚,稀有5枚,卵形,稀卵状披针形,长3-6厘米,宽1.5-4.5厘米,顶端急尖稀短渐尖,基部楔形至圆形,上面无毛或近无毛,下面仅沿叶脉具细柔毛并有稀疏针刺,边缘有不整齐的粗锐锯齿;叶柄长2-4厘米,顶生小叶柄长1-1.5厘米,侧生小叶近无柄,和叶轴均被细柔毛和针刺;托叶线形,有柔毛。花数朵成伞房花序或生于枝下部成花束;总花梗和花梗有柔毛和针刺,并疏生腺毛;花梗长1-2厘米;苞片线状披针形,有柔毛;花中等大,直径约1厘米;花萼外面被柔毛、针刺和疏腺毛;萼片长三角形至三角状披针形,顶端长渐尖至尾尖,花后常直立;花瓣长圆形或匙形,基部具爪,白色,与萼片近等长或稍短于萼片;花丝线形;花柱基部和子房被灰白色绒毛。果实卵形,直径约1厘米,红色,外被短绒毛,有香味;核具细皱纹。花期5-6月,果期7-8月。
  产黑龙江(大兴安岭)、吉林(长白山)。生海拔500-1500米的山坡林缘、石坡和林间采伐迹地。朝鲜、苏联远东地区和西伯利亚也有分布。
  果实味甜微酸,可供食用。
  本种常具3小叶,《东北木本植物图志》中图版106,图219是单叶,掌状分裂,显然不是本种。此种和库页悬钩子R. sachalinensis Levl.区别在于本种全体无刺毛及腺毛,而一年生枝有绿色针刺,有时具稀疏腺毛;小叶片上面无毛,或近无毛,下面仅沿叶脉有柔毛;果实有香味。库页悬钩子全体均有针刺、刺毛和腺毛;小叶片下面密被绒毛;果实无香味。
形态特征:灌木,高达1米;一年生枝常无白粉或稍具白粉,有绿色针刺,有时具稀疏腺毛。小叶3枚,稀有5枚,卵形,稀卵状披针形,长3—6厘米,宽1,5—4.5匣米,顶端急尖稀短渐尖,基部楔形至圆形,上面无毛或近无毛,下面仅沿叶脉具细柔毛并有稀疏针刺,边缘有不整齐的粗锐锯齿;叶柄长2—4厘米,顶生小叶柄长1—1.5厘米,侧生小叶近无柄,和叶轴均被细柔毛和针刺;托叶线形,有柔毛。花数朵成伞房花序或生于枝下部战花束;总花梗和花梗有柔毛和针刺,并疏生腺毛;花梗长1—2厘米;苞片线状披针形,有柔毛;花中等大,直径约1厘米;花萼外面被柔毛、针刺和疏腺毛;萼片长三角形至三角状披针形,顶端、长渐尖至尾尖,花后常直立;花瓣长圆形或匙形,基部具爪,白色,与萼片近等长或稍短于萼片;花丝线形;花柱基部和子房被灰白色绒毛。果实卵形,直径约1厘米,红色,外被短绒毛,有香味;核具细皱纹。 花期5-6月,果期了一8月;
用    途:果实昧甜微酸,可供食用。
产地分布:产黑龙江(大兴安岭):吉林(长白山)。生海拔500—15b0米的山坡林缘、石坡和林间采伐迹地。朝鲜;苏联远东地区和西伯利亚也有分布。
本种提示:本种常具3小叶, 《东北木本植物图志》中图版106::图219是单叶,掌状分裂,显然不是本种。 此种和库页悬钩子R.Sachalinefisls levl.区别在于本种全体无刺毛及腺毛;而一年生枝有绿色针刺;有时具稀疏腺毛;小叶片上面无毛, 或近无毛, 下面仅沿叶脉有柔毛;果实有香眯。库页悬钩子全体均有钎刺;·刺毛和腺毛;小叶片下面密被绒毛:果实无香昧。
参考文献:Rubus komarovi Nakli in Chosenshokubutsu 1:304.1914.Juzep;in FI.URSS 10:20.1941.——R.Melanolasius Focke var。Concolor Kom in f1.Mansh.2:486. 1903 erin Acta Hort.Petrop·22:486.1904.- R. idaeus L;subsp.melanolasius f.ConcolorKom。In sched.——R.Idaeus L.Var.Concolor Nakai in Bot。Mag;Tokyo 30:230。1916.——R.Idaeus 1.Var.Aculeatissimus Regel ct Tiling f.Concolor(Kom:)Ohwi,F1。了Ap.644; 1953 et F1.JaP,(Engl.Ed.)535. 1965.——R.sachalinensisL6vl,var.Concolor<~01T1.)LaueDer et Ferguson in Not.Roy.Pot.Gard:Edinb;30(2):,278.1970,
亚组概述:Subsect.Pileati Yii ct Lu,植物分类学报20(3):298.1982. ——Sect Pungentes Focke,Bibl.Bot.72(2):160.1911·et 83:40. 1914·P. P.—— Sect.Idaeanthi Focke,1.C.72(2):171.1911 et 83:43.1914·P·P. 本亚组有下列5种。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rubus komarovii  Nakai
绿叶悬钩子   lu ye xuan gou zi
Rubus idaeus Linnaeus f. concolor (Komarov) Ohwi; R. idaeus subsp. komarovii (Nakai). V. N. Voroschilov; R. idaeus var. concolor (Komarov) Nakai; R. kanayamensis H. Léveillé & Vaniot; R. melanolasius Focke; R. melanolasius var. concolor Komarov; R. sachalinensis var. concolor (Komarov) Lauener & D. K. Ferguson.
Shrubs to 1 m tall. Annotinous shoots green or greenish brown, without or with white bloom, prickly, occasionally sparsely stipitate glandular; prickles green. Leaves imparipinnate, 3-foliolate, rarely 5-foliolate; petiole 2–4 cm, petiolule of terminal leaflet 1–1.5 cm, lateral leaflets subsessile, petiolule and rachis thinly pubescent, prickly; stipules linear, 4–6 mm, thinly pubescent, with stalked glands; blade of leaflets ovate, rarely ovate-lanceolate, 3–6 × 1.5–4.5 cm, abaxially thinly pubescent, with sparse, needle-like prickles only along veins, adaxially glabrous or subglabrous, base cuneate to rounded, margin unevenly coarsely sharply serrate, apex acute, sometimes shortly acuminate. Inflorescences terminal, corymbs or flowers several in clusters in leaf axils; rachis and pedicels puberulous, with sparse, stalked glands; bracts linear-lanceolate, 3–5 mm, with soft hairs and stalked glands. Pedicel 1–2 cm. Flowers ca. 1 cm in diam. Calyx abaxially with soft hairs, needle-like prickles, and sparse, stalked glands; tube pelviform; sepals often erect after anthesis, triangular to triangular-lanceolate, 8–12 × 2–3.5 cm, apex acuminate to caudate. Petals white, oblong or spatulate, nearly as long as or somewhat shorter than sepals, base clawed. Stamens numerous, shorter than petals; filaments linear. Pistils many; ovary and base of style shortly gray tomentose. Aggregate fruit red, ovoid, ca. 1 cm in diam., shortly tomentose, aromatic; pyrenes rugulose. Fl. May–Jun, fr. Jul–Aug. 2n = 28*.
Forest margins, logged forests, rocky slopes; 500--1500 m. N Heilongjiang (Da Hinggan Ling), S Jilin (Changbai Shan), Liaoning [Korea, E Russia].

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