别名：对嘴泡;黄藨子;黄蔍子;牛尾泡;酸泡;黄泡子;山刺泡藤;独叶龙;红五泡;蒲桃叶悬钩子;

科名：蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名：悬钩子属 Rubus

《中国植物志》第37卷144页
  103.宜昌悬钩子（秦岭植物志）红五泡（四川），黄藨子、黄泡子（中国树木分类学）
  Rubus ichangensis Hemsl. et Ktze. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 231. 1887: Focke, Bibl. Boc. 72(1): 55. f. 18. 1910 et 83: 26. 1914: Card. in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 23: 279. 1917; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 18: 29. 1937; Chun in Sunyatsenia 4: 211. 1940. ——R. eugenius Focke apud Diels (Fl. Centr. China) in Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 29: 393. 1901——R. papyrus Levl. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. nov. 4: 332. 1907 et in Bull. Acad. Geog. Bot. 20 (Mem.): 30. 1909; Focke, Bibl. Bot. 72 (1): 56. 1910. ——R. ichangensis Hemsl. et Ktze. var. latifolius Card. in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 3: 292. 1914, syn. nov.
  落叶或半常绿攀援灌木，高达3米；枝圆形，浅绿色，无毛或近无毛，幼时具腺毛，逐渐脱落，疏生短小微弯皮刺。单叶，近革质，卵状披针形，长8-15厘米，宽3-6厘米，顶端渐尖，基部深心形，弯曲较宽大，两面均无毛，下面沿中脉疏生小皮刺，边缘浅波状或近基部有小裂片，有稀疏具短尖头小锯齿；叶柄长2-4厘米，无毛，常疏生腺毛和短小皮刺；托叶钻形或线状披针形，全缘，脱落。顶生圆锥花序狭窄，长达25厘米，腋生花序有时形似总状；总花梗、花梗和花萼有稀疏柔毛和腺毛，有时具小皮刺；花梗长3-6毫米；苞片与托叶相似，有腺毛；花直径6-8毫米；萼片卵形，顶端急尖或短渐尖，外面疏生柔毛和腺毛，边缘有时被灰白色短柔毛，故呈白色，里面密被白色短柔毛；花瓣直立，椭圆形，白色，短于或几与萼片等长；雄蕊多数，花丝稍宽扁；雌蕊12-30，无毛。果实近球形，红色，无毛，直径6-8毫米；核有细皱纹。花期7-8月，果期10月。
  产陕西、甘肃、湖北、湖南、安徽、广东、广西、四川、云南、贵州。生山坡、山谷疏密林中或灌丛内，海拔达2500米。
  果味甜美，可食用及酿酒；种子可榨油；根入药，有利尿、止痛、杀虫之效；茎皮和根皮含单宁，可提栲胶。
形态特征：落叶或半常绿攀援灌木,高达3米 ；枝圆形；浅绿色，无毛或近无毛，幼时具腺毛，，逐渐 脱落，疏生短小微弯皮刺.单叶, 近革质；卵状披针形 ,长8一15厘米， 宽3—6厘米，顶端 渐尖，基部深心形， 弯 曲较宽大；两面均无宅，下面沿中脉疏生小皮刺，边缘浅波状或近基部有小裂片，有稀疏具短尖头小锯齿；叶柄长2—4厘米，无毛，常疏生腺毛和短小皮刺；托叶钻形或线状披针形，全缘，脱落；顶生圆锥花序狭窄，长达25厘米，腋生花序有时形似总状；总花梗、花梗和花萼有稀疏柔毛和腺毛，有时具小皮刺；花梗长3-6 毫米；苞片与托叶相似，有腺毛；花直径6—8毫米；萼片卵形，顶端急尖或短渐尖，外面疏生柔毛和腺毛，边缘有时被灰白色短柔毛，故呈白色，里面密被白色短柔毛 ；花瓣直立，椭圆形，白色，短于或几与萼片等长；雄蕊多数，花丝稍宽扁；雌蕊12—30，无毛。果实近球形，红色；无毛，直径6—8毫米；核有细皱纹。 花期7一8月，果期10月。
用    途：果味甜美，可食用及酿酒；种子可榨油；根入药，有利尿、止痛、杀虫之效；茎皮和根皮含单宁，可提栲胶。
产地分布：产陕西、甘肃、湖北、湖南、安徽、广东、广西、四川、云南、贵州。生山坡、山谷疏密林中或灌丛内，海拔达2500米。
参考文献：Rubus ichangensis Hemsl．Ct Ktze．In Journ．Linn．Soc．Bot．23：231．1887；Focke， Bibl．Bot．72(1)：55．F．18．1910 ct 83；26．1914；，Card．In Bull．Mus．Hist．Nat．Paris 23：279．1917；Rehd。In·Jour. Arn．Arb. 18：29.1937；Chun in Suriyatsenia 4：211． 1940．-R．Eugenius.Focke，apud Dids(F1．Centr．China)in Engler，Bot．Jahrb．29： 393.1901—R．Papyrus，Levl. In Fedde,Repert .sp . Nov 332 .1907 et in bull Acad. Geog bot 20 (men): 30.1909;4Focke, bibl bot .72 (1):56.1910.-R.ichangensis Hemsl. Et ktze .var lalifolius .Card. In lecomte, not syst. 3：292． 1914,syn． noV．
亚组概述：Subsect.Dolichophylli Yu et Lu，植物分类·学报20(3)：309．19S2．---Sect，Elongati .Focke，Bibl．Bot．。72(1)：49．1910. Et 83：24.1914. P．P．——Sect．Pirifolii Focke, 1.c.72 (1) :63. 1910 et 83：27， 1914． P．P．

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rubus ichangensis  Hemsley & Kuntze
宜昌悬钩子   yi chang xuan gou zi
Rubus eugenius Focke; R. ichangensis var. latifolius Cardot; R. papyrus H. Léveillé.
Shrubs scandent, deciduous or semievergreen, to 3 m tall. Branchlets greenish to greenish brown, terete, glabrous or subglabrous, with glandular hairs when young, glabrescent, with sparse, curved short prickles. Leaves simple; petiole 2–4 cm, glabrous, usually with sparse, glandular hairs and short prickles; stipules caducous, subulate or linear-lanceolate, 4–8 mm, glabrous, with sparse, short glandular hairs marginally, margin entire or only apically shallowly laciniate; blade ovate-lanceolate, 8–15 × 3–6 cm, subleathery, both surfaces glabrous, abaxially with sparse, small prickles along midvein, base deeply cordate, with broad basal incision, margin shallowly undulate or lobulate near base, sparsely serrulate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, terminal ones narrow cymose panicles, 15–25 cm, axillary ones subracemes, shorter; rachis and pedicels sparsely pubescent, with glandular hairs, sometimes intermixed with small prickles; bracts subulate to linear-lanceolate, 4–6 mm, margin entire or apically laciniate, with sparse, glandular hairs. Pedicel 3–6 mm. Flowers 6–8 mm in diam. Calyx abaxially sparsely pubescent, with glandular hairs; sepals ovate, 3–5 × 2–3 mm, margin sometimes gray pubescent, apex acute to shortly acuminate. Petals white, elliptic, shorter than or nearly as long as sepals. Stamens many, shorter than petals; filaments somewhat broadened and flattened. Pistils 12–30, slightly shorter than or ca. as long as stamens, glabrous. Aggregate fruit red, subglobose, 6–8 mm in diam., glabrous; pyrenes rugulose. Fl. Jul–Aug, fr. Sep–Oct. 2n = 28*.
Slopes, fallow fields, dense forests in valleys, thickets; 800--2500 m. Anhui, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan.
The fruit are sweet and edible, the roots are used in medicine, and tannin is extracted from the roots and stems.