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白薷Rubus doyonensis Hand.-Mazz.

白薷Rubus doyonensis Hand.-Mazz.

别名:贡山莓;

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:悬钩子属 Rubus

《中国植物志》第37卷189页
  158.白薷(云南中草药续集)
  Rubus doyonensis Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 487. 1933;云南中草药续集210、1973。
  攀援灌木;幼枝被灰黄色绒毛,老时逐渐脱落,疏生微弯小皮刺,花枝具短腺毛。单叶,卵形、宽卵形至卵状披针形,长6-9厘米,宽4-6厘米,顶端短渐尖至尾尖,基部截形至浅心形,上面无毛,仅沿主脉稍具柔毛,下面密被灰白色绒毛,边缘浅波状,稀具不明显裂片,有不整齐细锐锯齿,侧脉7-9对;叶柄长1-2厘米,具灰黄色绒毛状柔毛和短腺毛,老时毛渐脱落;托叶长圆披针形,长1-1.5厘米,全缘、膜质,具柔毛。总状花序较短小,生于侧生小枝顶端,常具花6-15朵;总花梗、花梗和花萼具绒毛状柔毛和长1-2毫米的腺毛;花梗长约1厘米;苞片与托叶相似;萼片披针形或三角状披针形,长1一1.2厘米,顶端短尾尖,全缘,在果期常反折;花瓣倒卵形或圆形,白色,几与萼片等长,稍具柔毛;雄蕊多数,花丝线形或在基部宽扁,无毛或在花药上稍具柔毛;雌蕊多数,稍长于雄蕊,子房无毛。果实近球形,直径约1.5厘米,成熟时黑色;核具网纹。花期5-7月,果期8-9月。
  产云南西北部和东北部。生亚热带地区的沟谷边杂木林中,海拔2400-3200米。
  此种供药用,性微苦、涩、寒,能解毒。
  本种和华南悬钩子R. hanceanus Ktze.相近,区别在于后者叶边浅裂,基部深心形,侧脉5-7对;花序较长大,总花梗、花梗和花萼均具长2-4毫米的腺毛;花梗长1.5-2.5厘米。又和木莓R. swinhoei Hance区别在于后者结果枝上的叶片下面绒毛脱落;花萼外被灰色绒毛;萼片卵形或三角状卵形。三者可以区别。
形态特征:攀援灌木;幼枝被灰黄色绒毛,老时逐渐脱落,疏生微弯小皮刺,花枝具短腺毛。单叶,卵形、宽卵形至卵状披针形,长6—9厘米,宽4—6厘米,顶端短渐尖至尾尖,基部截形至浅心形,上面无毛,仅沿主脉稍具柔毛,下面密被灰白色绒毛,边缘浅波状,稀具不明显裂片,有不整齐细锐锯齿,侧脉了7-9对;叶柄长1-2厘米,具灰黄色绒毛状柔毛和短腺毛,老时毛渐脱落;托叶长圆披针形,长1—1.5厘米,·全缘、膜质,具柔毛。总状花序较短小,生于侧生小枝顶端,常具花6—15朵;总花梗、花梗和花萼具绒毛状柔毛和长1-2毫米的腺毛;花梗长约1厘米;苞片与托叶相似;萼片披针形或三角状披针形;长1-1.2厘米,顶端短尾尖;全缘,在果期常反折;花瓣倒卵形或圆形,白色,几与萼片等长,稍具柔毛;雄蕊多数,花丝线形或在基部宽扁,无毛或在花药上稍具柔毛;雌蕊多数,稍长于雄蕊,子房无毛。果实近球形,直径约1.5厘米,成熟时黑色;核具网纹.花期5-7月,果期:8-9月o
产地分布:产云南西北部和东北部。生亚热带地区的沟谷边杂木林中;海拔2400~3200 米.
本种提示:本种和华南悬钩子R.Hanceanus Ktze.相近,区别在于后者叶边浅裂 ,基部深心形。侧脉5一77对;花序较长大,总花梗、花梗和花萼均具长2一4毫米的腺毛;花梗长1.5-2.5厘米.又和木莓R.swinhoei Hance区别在于后者结果枝上的叶片下面绒毛脱落;花萼外被灰色绒毛;萼片卵形或三角状卵形。 三者可以区别.
参考文献:Rubus doyonensis.Hand.—Mazz.Symb.Sin.7:487.1933;云南中草药续集210、 1973。
亚组概述:Subsect;Sozostyli;(Focke)yu et lu,植物分类学报20(4):461.1982.-Sect.Sozostyli Focke,Bibl.Bot。—72(1):42.1910 et 83:22. 1914. 本亚组有下列17种。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rubus doyonensis  Handel-Mazzetti
白薷   bai ru
Shrubs scandent. Branchlets brownish to dark reddish brown, initially grayish yellow tomentose, glabrescent, with sparse, curved minute prickles; flowering branchlets shortly stipitate glandular. Leaves simple; petiole 1–2 cm, grayish yellow tomentose-villous, glabrescent, with shortly stipitate glands; stipules oblong-lanceolate, 1–1.5 cm × 3–5 mm, membranous, pubescent, margin entire, apex acute or obtuse; blade ovate or broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 6–9 × 4–6 cm; lateral veins 7–9 pairs, slightly raised abaxially, abaxially usually persistently densely gray tomentose, adaxially glabrous except slightly pubescent along midvein, base rounded or truncate to shallowly cordate, margin shallowly undulate, rarely inconspicuously lobed, with irregular minute sharp serrations, apex shortly acuminate to caudate. Inflorescences terminal, rarely axillary, narrow racemes, 6–10 cm, 6–15(–20) flowered; rachis and pedicels tomentose-villous, with short stalked glands 1–2 mm; bracts oblong-lanceolate, 0.8–1.4 cm × 3–4 mm, membranous, pubescent, margin entire, apex ± obtuse. Pedicel 1–1.5 cm. Calyx abaxially tomentose-villous, stipitate glandular; sepals often reflexed in fruit, lanceolate or triangular-lanceolate, 1–1.2 cm, margin entire, apex shortly caudate. Petals white, obovate or orbicular, nearly as long as sepals, slightly pubescent, base clawed. Stamens many, shorter than petals; filaments linear or with broad flat base, glabrous or slightly soft hairy only on anthers. Pistils many, slightly longer than stamens; style and ovary glabrous. Aggregate fruit black at maturity, subglobose, ca. 1.5 cm in diam.; pyrenes reticulate. Fl. May–Jul, fr. Aug–Sep.
Mixed forests, valleys, ravines; 2000--3200 m. N Yunnan.
The seeds are widely used medicinally in Yunnan.

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