栏目

三叶悬钩子Rubus delavayi Franch.

三叶悬钩子Rubus delavayi Franch.

别名:小倒钩刺;德氏悬钩子;绊脚刺;刺黄连;黄金锁梅;老虎刺;三叶藨;三叶莓;散血草;小乌泡;刺茶;鸡脚泡;倒钩刺;小黄泡刺;鸡爪刺;钻地风;鸡脚悬勾子;小黑锁梅;小黄药;小鸡脚锁梅;小蛆药;金刺梅;

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:悬钩子属 Rubus

《中国植物志》第37卷102页
  64.三叶悬钩子 三叶藨 (云南木本植物名录) ,绊脚刺、小黄泡刺 (四川)
  Rubus delavayi Franch. Pl. Delav. 205. 1890: Focke, Bibl. Bot. 72 (2): 148. f. 62. 1911; Card. in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 23: 274. 1917; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 499. 1933: Rehd. in Jonrn. Arn. Arb. 18: 41. 1937. ——R. duclouxii Levl. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 6: 111. 1908. et in Bull. Acad. Geog. Bot. 20 (Mem.): 80. 1909.
  直立矮小灌木,高0.3-1厘米;枝红褐色,圆柱形,无毛,具小皮刺。小叶3枚,披针形至狭披针形,长3-7厘米,宽1-2厘米,顶端渐尖,基部宽楔形至圆形,两面无毛或下面沿主脉稍具柔毛及小皮刺,边缘具不整齐粗锯齿;叶柄长2-3厘米,顶生小叶柄长5-8毫米,侧生小叶无柄或近无柄,无毛或具疏柔毛,疏生小皮刺;托叶线形。花单生或2-3朵;花梗长1-2厘米,具细柔毛或近无毛,疏生小皮刺;苞片线形;花直径约1厘米;花萼外具细柔毛,有稀疏小皮刺;萼片三角披针形,顶端长尾尖成长条形,在果期直立;花瓣倒卵形,白色,具细柔毛,基部具爪,比萼片短得多;花丝短而稍宽,具细柔毛;花柱短于雄蕊,花柱与子房均无毛。果实球形,直径约1厘米,橙红色,无毛;核小、具细皱纹。花期5-6月,果期6-7月。
  产云南。生山坡杂木林下,海拔2000-3000米。
  叶和根皮含鞣质,可提制栲胶,全草入药,有清热解毒、止痢、驱蛔之效。
形态特征:直立矮小灌木,高0.3—1厘米;枝红褐色,圆柱形,无毛,具小皮刺。小叶3枚,披针 形至狭披针形,长3一7厘米,宽1—2厘米,顶端渐尖,基部宽楔形至圆形,两面无毛或下 面沿主脉稍具柔毛及小皮刺,边缘具不整齐粗锯齿;叶柄长2二3厘米,顶生小叶柄长5—8 毫米,侧生小叶无柄或近无柄,无毛或具疏柔毛;:疏生小皮刺;托叶线形;·:花单生或2-3 朵;花梗长1—2厘米,具细柔毛或近无毛,疏生小皮刺;苞片线形;花直径约1厘米;花萼 - 外具细柔毛,有稀疏小皮刺;萼片三角披针形,顶端长尾尖成长条形,在果期直立;;花瓣倒 卵形,白色,具细柔毛,基部具爪,比萼片短得多;花丝短而稍宽;具细柔毛;花柱短于雄蕊 花柱与子房均无毛。果实球形,直径约1厘米,橙红色,·无毛;核小.具细皱纹.花期 5-6月,果期6-7月。
用    途:叶和根皮含鞣质,可提制栲胶,全草入药,有清热解毒、止痢、驱蛔之效。
产地分布:产云南。生山坡杂木林下,海拔2000—3000米。
参考文献:Rubus delavayi Franch.P1.Delay.205.1890;Focke,Bibl.Bot.72(2):148.F.62. 1911;Card.In Bull.Mus.Hist.Nat.Paris 23:274.1917;Hand.—Mazz.Symb.Sin.7:499. 1933;Rehd.In Journ.Arn.Arb.18:41.1937.——R.Duclouxii L6v1.In Fed&,Repert. Sp.Nov.6:111.1908.Et in Bull.Acad.G‘og·Pot.20(M芒m.):80.1909.
亚组概述:Subsect.Leucanthi.(Focke)Yu ct Lu,植物分类学报20(3): 303.1982.——Sect.Leucanthi Focke,Bibl.Bot.72(2):146.1911 et 83:37.1914.P.P. 本亚组有下列7种。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rubus delavayi  Franchet
三叶悬钩子   san ye xuan gou zi
Rubus duclouxii H. Léveillé.
Shrubs erect, low, 0.4–1 m tall. Branchlets brownish or reddish brown, cylindric, glabrous, with short curved prickles. Leaves imparipinnate, usually 3-foliolate; petiole 2–3 cm, petiolule of terminal leaflet 5–8 mm, lateral leaflets sessile or subsessile, glabrous or pilose, with sparse, small prickles; stipules linear, 4–7 mm, puberulous when young, glabrescent; blade of leaflets lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, 3–7 × 1–2 cm, both surfaces glabrous or abaxially with sparse, soft hairs and with minute prickles along midvein, base broadly cuneate to rounded, margin irregularly coarsely serrate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, 1-flowered, or with flowers in clusters of 2 or 3; bracts linear, smaller than stipules, puberulous or glabrescent. Pedicel 1–2 cm, puberulent or subglabrous, with sparse, minute prickles. Flowers ca. 1 cm in diam. Calyx abaxially puberulous and with sparse, minute prickles; tube short, broad; sepals erect in fruit, triangular-lanceolate, 6–8(–10) × 2–3 mm, apex long caudate. Petals white, obovate, shorter than sepals, puberulent, base prominently clawed. Stamens many, shorter than petals; filaments short, broad, puberulent. Pistils shorter than stamens; style and ovary glabrous. Aggregate fruit orange-red, globose, ca. 1 cm in diam.; pyrenes small, rugulose. Fl. May–Jun, fr. Jun–Jul.
Mixed forested slopes; 2000--3400 m. Yunnan.
The dried fruit, seeds, and leaves are used in traditional Chinese medicine.

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