栏目

华中悬钩子Rubus cockburnianus Hemsl.

华中悬钩子Rubus cockburnianus Hemsl.

别名:锁莓;钻地风;覆盆子;高山覆盆子;郭氏悬钩子;黑枝黑锁梅;锁梅;黑枝黑锁莓;疏风草;

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:悬钩子属 Rubus

《中国植物志》第37卷044页
  2.华中悬钩子(秦岭植物志)郭氏悬钩子(华北经济植物志要)
  Rubus cockburnianus Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 29:305. 1892: Focke, Bibl Bot. 72 (2): 182. 1911; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 506. 1933; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 541. 1974. ——R. giraldianus Focke in Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 29:401. 1900 et Bibl. Bot. 72(2) , 194. f. 78. 1911: Bean in Kew. Bull. 1914: 52. t. 1914.
  灌木高1.5-3米;小枝红褐色,无毛,被白粉,具稀疏钩状皮刺。小叶7-9枚,稀5枚,长圆披针形或卵状披针形,顶生小叶有时近菱形,长5-10厘米,宽1.5-4(5)厘米,顶端渐尖,基部宽楔形或圆形,上面无毛或具疏柔毛,下面被灰白色绒毛,边缘有不整齐粗锯齿或缺刻状重锯齿,顶生小叶边缘常浅裂;叶柄长3-5厘米,顶生小叶柄长1-2厘米,侧生小叶近无柄,与叶轴均无毛,疏生钩状小皮刺;托叶细小,线形,无毛。圆锥花序顶生,长10-16厘米,侧生花序为总状或近伞房状;总花梗和花梗无毛;花梗细,长1-2厘米,幼时带红色;苞片小,线形,无毛;花直径达1厘米;花萼外面无毛;萼片卵状披针形,顶端长渐尖,外面无毛或仅边缘具灰白色绒毛,在花时直立至果期反折;花瓣小,直径约5毫米,粉红色,近圆形;花丝线形或基部稍宽;花柱无毛,子房具柔毛。果实近球形,直径不到1厘米,紫黑色,微具柔毛或几无毛;核有浅皱纹。花期5-7月,果期8-9月。
  产河南、陕西、四川、云南、西藏。生海拔900-3800米的向阳山坡灌丛中或沟谷杂木林内。
  果可供食用。
形态特征:灌木高1,5--3米、枝红褐色,无毛,被白粉,具稀疏钩状皮刺。小叶7·--9枚,稀5 枚,长圆披针形或卵状技针形,顶生小叶有时近菱形,长5--10厘米,宽1 5 9(5)厘米, 顶端渐尖,基部宽楔形或圆形,上面无毛或具琉粟毛,下面被灰白色绒毛,边缘有不整齐租 锯齿或缺刻状重锯齿,顶生小叶边缘常浅裂;叶柄长3--5厘米,顶生小叶柄长1--2厘米, 侧生小叶近无柄,与叶轴均无毛,疏生钩状小皮刺;托叶细小,线形,无毛。圆锥花序顶生, 长10 16厘米,侧生花序为总状或近伞房状;总花梗和花梗无毛;花梗细,长1--2厘米, 幼时带红色;苞片小,线形,无毛;花直径达1厘米;花萼外面无毛;萼片卵:吠披针形,顶端 长渐尖,外面无毛或仅边缘具灰白色绒毛,在花时直立至果期反折;花瓣小,直径约5毫 米,粉红色,近圆形;花丝线形或基部稍宽;花柱无毛,子房具柔毛。果实近球形,直径不 到1厘米,紫黑色,微具柔毛或几无毛;核有浅皱纹。 花期5--7月,果期8--9月。
用    途:果可供食用。
产地分布:产河南、陕西、四川、云南、西藏。生海拔900--3800米的向阳LU坡灌丛中或沟谷杂木 林内。
参考文献:Rubus cockburnianus Hemsl.In Journ.Linn.Soc.Bot.29:305.1 892;Focke.Bibl. Bot.72(2):182 1911;Hand.—Mazz.Symb.Sin.7:506.1933;秦岭植物志1(2):541. 1974.--R.Giraldianus Focke in Engler,Bot Jahrb.29:40i.1900 d Bibl Bol 72(2)· 194 f.?8.1911;Bean in Kew.Ball.1914:52.R 1 914,
亚组概述:Subsect.Thyrsidtel(Focke) YU ET Lu,植物分类学报20(3):295.1982.--Sect,Idaeamhi Focke Set.thyrsidaei Focke,bibl.72(2):192. 1911 et 83:45.1914.P.P,本亚组有下列9种。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rubus cockburnianus  Hemsley
华中悬钩子   hua zhong xuan gou zi
Rubus giraldianus Focke.
Shrubs 1.5–3 m tall. Branchlets brownish to reddish brown, glabrous, glaucous, with sparse, curved prickles. Leaves imparipinnate, 7–9-foliolate, rarely 5-foliolate; petiole 3–5 cm, petiolule of terminal leaflet 1–2 cm, lateral leaflets subsessile, petiolule and rachis glabrous, with sparse, curved minute prickles; stipules linear or linear-lanceolate, 5–7 mm, glabrous; blade of leaflets oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, terminal leaflet sometimes nearly rhombic and minutely lobed, 5–10 × 1.5–4(–5) cm, abaxially gray tomentose, adaxially glabrous or sparsely pilose, base broadly cuneate or rounded, margin irregularly coarsely serrate or incised-doubly serrate, usually lobed on terminal leaflet, apex acuminate. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, terminal ones cymose panicles, 10–16(–18) cm, lateral ones often subracemes, rarely subcorymbose; rachis and pedicels glabrous; bracts linear, 2–5 mm, glabrous. Pedicel somewhat reddish when young, 7–12 mm, slender. Flowers to 1 cm in diam. Calyx abaxially glabrous; sepals erect at anthesis, reflexed in fruit, ovate-lanceolate, 5–8 × 2–4 mm, margin gray tomentose and entire, apex long acuminate. Petals pink, suborbicular or obovate, 5–7 × 4–5 mm, margin premorse or coarsely serrate above middle, base shortly clawed. Stamens many, slightly shorter than petals; filaments linear, broader toward base. Pistils slightly shorter than stamens; ovary soft hairy; styles glabrous. Aggregate fruit purplish black, subglobose, less than 1 cm in diam., slightly pubescent or subglabrous; pyrenes shallowly rugose. Fl. May–Jul, fr. Aug–Sep.
Thickets on sunny slopes, dense forests in montane valleys, river sides; 900--4000 m. Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan.

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