栏目

尾叶悬钩子Rubus caudifolius Wuzhi

尾叶悬钩子Rubus caudifolius Wuzhi

别名:

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:悬钩子属 Rubus

《中国植物志》第37卷191页
  162.尾叶悬钩子(湖北植物志)图版26:1-2
  Rubus caudifolius Wuzhi,湖北植物志2: 188. 图973. 1979.
  攀援灌木;幼枝密被灰黄色至灰白色绒毛,老时逐渐脱落,疏生微弯短皮刺。单叶,革质,长圆状披针形或卵状披针形,长7-14厘米,宽3-5厘米,顶端尾尖,基部圆形,上面无毛,下面密被铁锈色短绒毛,具脉5-8对,边缘具浅细突尖锯齿,营养枝上的叶片边缘具较粗大锯齿;叶柄长1.5-2.5厘米,被灰黄色至灰白色绒毛;托叶长圆披针形,长1-1.5厘米,全缘,稀顶端浅裂,幼时具绒毛,老时逐渐减少,膜质,脱落迟。花成顶生或腋生总状花序,总花梗、花梗和花萼均密被灰黄色绒毛状柔毛;花梗长1-1.5厘米;苞片与托叶相似;花直径1-1.5厘米;花萼带紫红色;萼片三角状卵形至三角状披针形,顶端短尾尖,全缘;花瓣长圆形,红色,稍短于萼片,两面微具柔毛;雄蕊微具柔毛或仅于花药稍具长柔毛;花柱长于雄蕊,具长柔毛。果实扁球形,未熟时红色,熟时黑色,无毛;核具皱纹。花期5-6月,果期7-8月。
  产湖北、湖南、广西、贵州。生山坡路旁密林内或杂木林中,海拔800-2200米。
  此种和早花悬钩子R. preptanthus Frcke相近,区别在于后者叶片非革质,披针形,下面密被灰白色或浅黄灰色绒毛,边缘具粗锐锯齿;花柱无毛,几与雄蕊等长或稍长。本种和闽粤悬钩子R. dunnii Metc.区别在于后者叶片边缘具浅钝粗锯齿,基部心形;花梗长达3厘米,总花梗、花梗和花萼均被腺毛,可以区别。
形态特征:攀援灌木;幼枝密被灰黄色至灰白色绒毛,老时逐渐脱落,疏生微弯短皮刺。单叶·,革质,长圆状披针形或卵状披针形,长7一14厘米,宽3—5厘米,顶端尾尖,基部圆形,上面无毛,下面密被铁锈色短绒毛,具脉5—8对,边缘具浅细突尖锯齿,营养枝上的叶片边缘具较粗大锯齿;叶柄长1.5—2.5厘米,被灰黄色至灰白色绒毛;托叶长圆披针形,长1—1.5厘米,全缘,稀顶端浅裂,幼时具绒毛,老时逐渐减少,膜质,脱落迟。花成顶生或腋生总状花序,总花梗、花梗和花萼均密被灰黄色绒毛状柔毛;花梗长1—1.5厘米;苞片与托叶相似;花直径1—1.5厘米;花萼带紫红色;萼片三角状卵形至三角状披针形,顶端短尾尖,全缘;花瓣长圆形,红色,稍短于萼片,两面微尽柔毛;雄蕊微具柔毛或仅于花药稍具长柔毛;花柱长于雄蕊,具长柔毛。果实扁球形,未熟时红色,熟时黑色,无毛;核具皱纹。 花期5—6月,果期7一8月。
产地分布:产湖北、湖南、广西、贵州。生山坡路旁密林内或杂木林中,海拔800—2200米。
本种提示:此种和早花悬钩子R.Preptanthus Frcke相近,区别在于后者叶片非革质,披针形,下面密被灰白色或浅黄灰色绒毛,边缘具粗锐锯齿;花柱无毛,几与雄蕊等长或稍长。本种和闽粤悬钩子R.Dunnii Mete.区别在于后者叶片边缘具浅钝粗锯齿,基部心形;花梗长达3厘米,总花梗、花梗和花萼均被腺毛,可以区别.
参考文献:Rubus caudifolius Wuzhi,湖北植物志2:188.图973.1979.
亚组概述:Subsect;Sozostyli;(Focke)yu et lu,植物分类学报20(4):461.1982.-Sect.Sozostyli Focke,Bibl.Bot。—72(1):42.1910 et 83:22. 1914. 本亚组有下列17种。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rubus caudifolius  Wuzhi
尾叶悬钩子   wei ye xuan gou zi
Shrubs scandent. Branchlets densely grayish yellow to gray tomentose, glabrescent, with sparse, short curved prickles. Leaves simple; petiole 1.5–2.5 cm, grayish yellow to gray tomentose; stipules late caducous, oblong-lanceolate, 1–1.5 cm, membranous, tomentose when young, gradually glabrescent, margin entire, rarely lobed apically; blade oblong-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 7–14 × 3–5 cm, veins 5–8 pairs, raised abaxially, slightly impressed adaxially, leathery, abaxially densely rusty tomentellate, adaxially glabrous, base rounded, margin with shallow minute serrations or coarsely serrate on vegetative branchlets, apex caudate. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, racemes, 8–14 cm; rachis and pedicels densely grayish yellow tomentose-villous; bracts caducous, oblong-lanceolate, 1–1.4 cm, tomentose-villous when young, margin entire, rarely lobed. Pedicel 1–1.5 cm. Flowers 1–1.5 cm in diam. Calyx purplish red, abaxially densely grayish yellow tomentose-villous; tube shallowly cupular; sepals triangular-ovate to triangular-lanceolate, margin entire, apex shortly caudate. Petals red, oblong, slightly shorter than sepals, both surfaces puberulous. Stamens many, slightly pubescent or only anthers sparsely villous. Pistils longer than stamens; styles villous. Aggregate fruit red when immature, black at maturity, compressed globose, glabrous; pyrenes rugose. Fl. May–Jun, fr. Jul–Aug.
Forested slopes, roadsides, thickets; 800--2200 m. Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Zhejiang.

TOP