欧洲木莓Rubus caesius Linn.
欧洲木莓Rubus caesius Linn.
85.欧洲木莓（拉汉种子植物名称）图版14：6-9
Rubus. caesius. L. sp. Pl. 706. 1753; Ldb. Fl. Ross 2:66. 1844; Focke, Bibl. Bot. 83: 253. 1914; Juzep. in Fl. URSS 10:56. pl. 5. f. 3. 1941. ——R. caesus var. tukestanicus Regdel. in Gartenfl. 41: 106. f. 25. 1892. ——R. caesius subsp. turkestanicus Focke,Bibl. Bot. 83: 254. 1914. ——R. turkestanicus Pavlov in Acta Univ. As. Med. ser. 8b7Bot. fasc. 19: 17. 1935. ——R. caesius subsp. leucosepalus Focke l. c. 83: 254. 1914. ——R. psilophyllus Nevski in Acta Inst. Bot. Ac. Sc. URSS ser. 1. fasc. 4: 247. 1937, non R. Kell.
攀援灌木，高达1.5米；小枝黄绿色至浅褐色，无毛或微具柔毛，常具白粉，被大小不等的皮刺。小叶3枚，宽卵形或菱状卵形，长4-7厘米，宽3-7厘米，顶端急尖，基部圆形至截形，两面微具柔毛，边缘具缺刻状粗锐重锯齿，通常3浅裂；叶柄长4-7厘米，顶生小叶柄长1-2.5厘米，均被细柔毛和皮刺，有时混生短腺毛；托叶宽披针形，具柔毛。花数朵或10余朵成伞房或短总状花序，腋生花序少花；总花梗、花梗和花萼均被柔毛和小刺，有时混生短腺毛；花梗长1-1.5厘米；苞片宽披针形，有柔毛或短腺毛；花直径达2厘米；萼片卵状披针形，顶端尾尖，在果期常直立开展；花瓣宽椭圆形或宽长圆形，白色，基部具短爪；雄蕊花丝线形，几与花柱等长；花柱与子房均无毛。果实近球形，直径约1厘米，黑色，无毛。花期6-7月，果期8月。
产我国新疆。生山谷林下或河谷边，海拔1000-1500米。西欧（除斯堪的纳维亚北部以外) 、小亚细亚、西亚（阿富汗、伊朗) 、苏联（高加索、西伯利亚、中亚) 也有分布。北美有栽培。
嫩叶可代茶。
形态特征：攀援灌木／高达1.5米；小枝黄绿色至浅褐色；无毛或微具柔毛；常具白粉 ,被大小不等的皮刺。小叶3枚，宽卵形或菱状卵形，长4一7厘米 ,宽：3-7厘采；顶端慧尖，基部圆形至截形，两面微具柔毛，边缘具缺刻状粗锐重锯齿，通常3 浅裂； 叶柄长4-7厘米，顶生小叶柄长 1-2,5厘米，均被细柔毛和皮刺，有时混生短腺毛又托叶宽披针形，具柔毛。花数朵或10余朵成伞房或短总状花序小腋生花序少花 ；总花梗；花梗和花萼均被柔毛和小刺，有时混生短腺毛；花梗’长 1-1.5厘米：苞片宽披针形；有柔毛或短腺毛；花直径达2厘米；萼片卵状披针形·，顶端尾尖，在果期常直立开展广花瓣宽椭圆形或宽长圆形，白色，基部具短爪；雄蕊花丝线形，几与花柱等长；花柱与子房均无毛。果实近球形，直径约1厘米，黑色， 无毛。花期。6一7月，果期8月。
用 途：嫩叶可代茶。
产地分布：产我国新疆。生山谷林下或河谷边，海拔1000-1500米。西欧(除斯堪的纳维亚北部以外)、小亚细亚、西亚(阿富汗、伊朗)、苏联(高加索、西伯利亚、中亚)也有分布。北美 有栽培。
参考文献：Rubus cawsius l .sp .pl . 706 . 1753; ldb．F1．Ross．2：66．1844；Focke，Bibl．Bot．83：253 1914; juzep in fl. Urss 10: 56 ．Pl.5. F. 3. 1941. ---r.cacsius var.l turkes- tanicus Regel in Gartenfl．41：106. F. 25. 1892.-R.caesius subsp.turkestanic Focke, Bibl .Bot． 83：254，1914。 —R．Iurkestanicus pavlov .in acta univ As. Med. Ser. 8b, bot．Fasc 19:17.1935 -R.caesius subsp leucose focke 1.c 83:154.1914. -- R.psilophyllus nevski in Acta Inst. Bot ac sc.urss ser . 1 fasc. 4 :247 .1937. Non ． R kell .
亚组概述：Subsect．Corchorifolii(FocKe)Yu．et，Lu，植物分类报20(3)：306．1982．——S(ct．Corchori／olii Focke，BiN．Bot．；了2(2)：129．1911 et 83：36，1914．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rubus caesius Linnaeus
欧洲木莓 ou zhou mu mei
Shrubs scandent, to 1.5 m tall. Branchlets yellow-green to brownish, glabrous or puberulous, glaucous and with unequal long prickles. Leaves ternately-pinnately compound; petiole 4–7 cm, petiolule of terminal leaflet 1–2.5 cm, lateral leaflets subsessile, thinly pubescent, with minute prickles, sometimes with intermixed shortly stipitate glands; stipules lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 6–10 × 2–3 mm, pubescent, margin sparsely stipitate glandular; blade broadly ovate or rhombic-ovate, 4–7 × 3–7 cm, both surfaces puberulous, base rounded to truncate, margin incised, coarsely sharp doubly serrate, often 3-lobed, apex acute. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, corymbose or short racemes, several to more than 10-flowered, terminal ones to 14 cm, with more flowers, axillary ones shorter, few flowered; rachis and pedicels pubescent, with minute prickles, sometimes with intermixed shortly stipitate glands; bracts broadly lanceolate, 5–8 × 1–2 mm, pubescent or shortly stipitate glandular. Pedicel 1–1.5 cm. Flowers to 2 cm in diam. Calyx abaxially pubescent, with minute prickles; tube short, pelviform; sepals usually erect, ovate-lanceolate, 6–8 × 3–5 mm, apex acuminate. Petals white, broadly elliptic or broadly oblong, nearly as long as or slightly longer than sepals, glabrous, base shortly clawed. Stamens many, shorter than petals; filaments linear. Pistils nearly as long as or slightly shorter than stamens; style and ovary glabrous. Aggregate fruit black, subglobose, ca. 1 cm in diam., glabrous. Fl. Jun–Jul, fr. Aug.
Forests in montane valleys, ravines, river banks; 1000--1500 m. Xinjiang [Russia; SW Asia, Europe, North America].
别名：European dewberry;欧洲复盆子;欧洲露莓;黑果悬钩子;
科名：蔷薇科 Rosaceae
属名：悬钩子属 Rubus
85.欧洲木莓（拉汉种子植物名称）图版14：6-9
Rubus. caesius. L. sp. Pl. 706. 1753; Ldb. Fl. Ross 2:66. 1844; Focke, Bibl. Bot. 83: 253. 1914; Juzep. in Fl. URSS 10:56. pl. 5. f. 3. 1941. ——R. caesus var. tukestanicus Regdel. in Gartenfl. 41: 106. f. 25. 1892. ——R. caesius subsp. turkestanicus Focke,Bibl. Bot. 83: 254. 1914. ——R. turkestanicus Pavlov in Acta Univ. As. Med. ser. 8b7Bot. fasc. 19: 17. 1935. ——R. caesius subsp. leucosepalus Focke l. c. 83: 254. 1914. ——R. psilophyllus Nevski in Acta Inst. Bot. Ac. Sc. URSS ser. 1. fasc. 4: 247. 1937, non R. Kell.
攀援灌木，高达1.5米；小枝黄绿色至浅褐色，无毛或微具柔毛，常具白粉，被大小不等的皮刺。小叶3枚，宽卵形或菱状卵形，长4-7厘米，宽3-7厘米，顶端急尖，基部圆形至截形，两面微具柔毛，边缘具缺刻状粗锐重锯齿，通常3浅裂；叶柄长4-7厘米，顶生小叶柄长1-2.5厘米，均被细柔毛和皮刺，有时混生短腺毛；托叶宽披针形，具柔毛。花数朵或10余朵成伞房或短总状花序，腋生花序少花；总花梗、花梗和花萼均被柔毛和小刺，有时混生短腺毛；花梗长1-1.5厘米；苞片宽披针形，有柔毛或短腺毛；花直径达2厘米；萼片卵状披针形，顶端尾尖，在果期常直立开展；花瓣宽椭圆形或宽长圆形，白色，基部具短爪；雄蕊花丝线形，几与花柱等长；花柱与子房均无毛。果实近球形，直径约1厘米，黑色，无毛。花期6-7月，果期8月。
产我国新疆。生山谷林下或河谷边，海拔1000-1500米。西欧（除斯堪的纳维亚北部以外) 、小亚细亚、西亚（阿富汗、伊朗) 、苏联（高加索、西伯利亚、中亚) 也有分布。北美有栽培。
嫩叶可代茶。
形态特征：攀援灌木／高达1.5米；小枝黄绿色至浅褐色；无毛或微具柔毛；常具白粉 ,被大小不等的皮刺。小叶3枚，宽卵形或菱状卵形，长4一7厘米 ,宽：3-7厘采；顶端慧尖，基部圆形至截形，两面微具柔毛，边缘具缺刻状粗锐重锯齿，通常3 浅裂； 叶柄长4-7厘米，顶生小叶柄长 1-2,5厘米，均被细柔毛和皮刺，有时混生短腺毛又托叶宽披针形，具柔毛。花数朵或10余朵成伞房或短总状花序小腋生花序少花 ；总花梗；花梗和花萼均被柔毛和小刺，有时混生短腺毛；花梗’长 1-1.5厘米：苞片宽披针形；有柔毛或短腺毛；花直径达2厘米；萼片卵状披针形·，顶端尾尖，在果期常直立开展广花瓣宽椭圆形或宽长圆形，白色，基部具短爪；雄蕊花丝线形，几与花柱等长；花柱与子房均无毛。果实近球形，直径约1厘米，黑色， 无毛。花期。6一7月，果期8月。
用 途：嫩叶可代茶。
产地分布：产我国新疆。生山谷林下或河谷边，海拔1000-1500米。西欧(除斯堪的纳维亚北部以外)、小亚细亚、西亚(阿富汗、伊朗)、苏联(高加索、西伯利亚、中亚)也有分布。北美 有栽培。
参考文献：Rubus cawsius l .sp .pl . 706 . 1753; ldb．F1．Ross．2：66．1844；Focke，Bibl．Bot．83：253 1914; juzep in fl. Urss 10: 56 ．Pl.5. F. 3. 1941. ---r.cacsius var.l turkes- tanicus Regel in Gartenfl．41：106. F. 25. 1892.-R.caesius subsp.turkestanic Focke, Bibl .Bot． 83：254，1914。 —R．Iurkestanicus pavlov .in acta univ As. Med. Ser. 8b, bot．Fasc 19:17.1935 -R.caesius subsp leucose focke 1.c 83:154.1914. -- R.psilophyllus nevski in Acta Inst. Bot ac sc.urss ser . 1 fasc. 4 :247 .1937. Non ． R kell .
亚组概述：Subsect．Corchorifolii(FocKe)Yu．et，Lu，植物分类报20(3)：306．1982．——S(ct．Corchori／olii Focke，BiN．Bot．；了2(2)：129．1911 et 83：36，1914．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rubus caesius Linnaeus
欧洲木莓 ou zhou mu mei
Shrubs scandent, to 1.5 m tall. Branchlets yellow-green to brownish, glabrous or puberulous, glaucous and with unequal long prickles. Leaves ternately-pinnately compound; petiole 4–7 cm, petiolule of terminal leaflet 1–2.5 cm, lateral leaflets subsessile, thinly pubescent, with minute prickles, sometimes with intermixed shortly stipitate glands; stipules lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 6–10 × 2–3 mm, pubescent, margin sparsely stipitate glandular; blade broadly ovate or rhombic-ovate, 4–7 × 3–7 cm, both surfaces puberulous, base rounded to truncate, margin incised, coarsely sharp doubly serrate, often 3-lobed, apex acute. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, corymbose or short racemes, several to more than 10-flowered, terminal ones to 14 cm, with more flowers, axillary ones shorter, few flowered; rachis and pedicels pubescent, with minute prickles, sometimes with intermixed shortly stipitate glands; bracts broadly lanceolate, 5–8 × 1–2 mm, pubescent or shortly stipitate glandular. Pedicel 1–1.5 cm. Flowers to 2 cm in diam. Calyx abaxially pubescent, with minute prickles; tube short, pelviform; sepals usually erect, ovate-lanceolate, 6–8 × 3–5 mm, apex acuminate. Petals white, broadly elliptic or broadly oblong, nearly as long as or slightly longer than sepals, glabrous, base shortly clawed. Stamens many, shorter than petals; filaments linear. Pistils nearly as long as or slightly shorter than stamens; style and ovary glabrous. Aggregate fruit black, subglobose, ca. 1 cm in diam., glabrous. Fl. Jun–Jul, fr. Aug.
Forests in montane valleys, ravines, river banks; 1000--1500 m. Xinjiang [Russia; SW Asia, Europe, North America].