缫丝花Rosa roxburghii Tratt.
缫丝花Rosa roxburghii Tratt.
80. 缫丝花（植物名实图考）刺穈(mi)（植物名实图考），刺梨（贵州），文光果
Rosa roxburghii Tratt. Ros. Monogr. Z: 233. 1823; Rehd. et Wils. in Sarg. Pl. Wils.2:319. 1915: Hara et Ohashi in Fl. E. Himal. 2:55. 1971; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 254, 图2237. 1972; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 576. 1974——R. microphylla α glabra Regel in Ros. Monogr. 38. 1877, et in Acta Hort. Petrop. 5:321. 1878. ——R. microphylla auct. non Desfontaines: Roxb. apud Lindl. Ros. Monogr. 9: 146. 1820; Hook. in Curtis’s Bot. Mag 23:t. 3490. 1836: Willmott, Gen. Ros. 1: 135. t. 1911.
形态特征：灌木，高约2.5米；树皮灰色，成片剥落；小枝常有成对皮刺。羽状复叶；小叶9-15，椭圆开或椭圆状矩圆形，长1-2厘米，宽0.5-1厘米，先端急尖或钝，基部宽楔形，边缘有细锐锯齿，两面无毛；叶柄和叶轴疏生小皮刺；托叶大部附着于叶柄上。花1-2朵，生于短枝上，淡红色或粉红色，微芳香，直径4-6厘米；萼裂片通常宽卵形，两面有绒毛，合生成管，密生皮刺。蔷薇果扁球形，直径3-4厘米，绿色，外面密生皮刺，突破存的萼裂片直立。
分 布：四川、贵州、云南、江苏等
生 境：溪沟、路旁及灌丛中
繁殖方式：种子
习 性：阳生
药用部位：果实、叶
药用功能：解热
药用主治：解热
《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rosa roxburghii Trattinnick
缫丝花 sao si hua
Rosa microphylla Desfontaines var. glabra Regel.
Shrubs diffuse, 1–2.5 m tall. Bark gray-brown; branchlets ascending-spreading, purple-brown, terete; prickles paired at nodes, mostly straight, to 5 mm, somewhat flat, abruptly narrowing to broad base. Leaves including petiole 5–11 cm; stipules mostly adnate to petiole, free parts subulate, margin glandular-pubescent; rachis and petioles with scattered small prickles; leaflets 9–15, elliptic or oblong, rarely obovate, 1–2 × 0.6–1.2 cm, glabrous, abaxially with prominent veins, conspicuously reticulate, base broadly cuneate, margin acutely simply serrulate, apex acute or rounded-obtuse. Flowers solitary, or 2 or 3 and fasciculate apically on branches, 4–6 cm in diam.; pedicel short; bracts 2 or 3, small, margin glandular-pubescent. Hypanthium depressed-globose, densely bristly. Sepals 5, usually broadly ovate, abaxially densely prickly, adaxially tomentose, pinnately lobed, apex acuminate. Petals 5, slightly fragrant, pink to rose-purple or reddish, obovate. Carpels on projected torus at base of hypanthium; styles free, not exserted, shorter than stamens, pubescent. Hip green-red, depressed-globose, 1.5–2 cm in diam., densely prickly, with persistent, erect sepals. Fl. Mar–Jul, fr. Aug–Oct.
Mountain forests, thickets, slopes, stream sides, also cultivated; 500--1400 m. Anhui, Fujian, S Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan].
Two forms may be recognized: f. roxburghii, which has double or semi-double, reddish or pink flowers 5–6 cm in diam., and f. normalis Rehder & E. H. Wilson (in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 2: 318. 1915), which has simple, pink flowers 4–6 cm in diam. The specific epithet was spelled “roxbourgii” in the protologue.
The edible fruit are very rich in vitamins and have a sweet, sour taste; they are used medicinally and to ferment wine. The roots are also used medicinally. The species is also cultivated for ornament, for its showy flowers, or as a hedge because of its abundant prickles.
别名：chestnut rose;文先果;刺梨;水梨子;文光果;山刺梨;刺梨子;单瓣缫丝花;刺槟榔根;木梨子;刺?;赛哇;茨梨;普通刺梨;螺丝花;刺梨蔷薇;刺石榴;刺蘑;金樱子;蜂糖果;白花刺梨;缫茧花;送春归;文仙果;野石榴;野毛梨;
科名：蔷薇科 Rosaceae
属名：蔷薇属 Rosa
80. 缫丝花（植物名实图考）刺穈(mi)（植物名实图考），刺梨（贵州），文光果
Rosa roxburghii Tratt. Ros. Monogr. Z: 233. 1823; Rehd. et Wils. in Sarg. Pl. Wils.2:319. 1915: Hara et Ohashi in Fl. E. Himal. 2:55. 1971; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 254, 图2237. 1972; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 576. 1974——R. microphylla α glabra Regel in Ros. Monogr. 38. 1877, et in Acta Hort. Petrop. 5:321. 1878. ——R. microphylla auct. non Desfontaines: Roxb. apud Lindl. Ros. Monogr. 9: 146. 1820; Hook. in Curtis’s Bot. Mag 23:t. 3490. 1836: Willmott, Gen. Ros. 1: 135. t. 1911.
形态特征：灌木，高约2.5米；树皮灰色，成片剥落；小枝常有成对皮刺。羽状复叶；小叶9-15，椭圆开或椭圆状矩圆形，长1-2厘米，宽0.5-1厘米，先端急尖或钝，基部宽楔形，边缘有细锐锯齿，两面无毛；叶柄和叶轴疏生小皮刺；托叶大部附着于叶柄上。花1-2朵，生于短枝上，淡红色或粉红色，微芳香，直径4-6厘米；萼裂片通常宽卵形，两面有绒毛，合生成管，密生皮刺。蔷薇果扁球形，直径3-4厘米，绿色，外面密生皮刺，突破存的萼裂片直立。
分 布：四川、贵州、云南、江苏等
生 境：溪沟、路旁及灌丛中
繁殖方式：种子
习 性：阳生
药用部位：果实、叶
药用功能：解热
药用主治：解热
《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rosa roxburghii Trattinnick
缫丝花 sao si hua
Rosa microphylla Desfontaines var. glabra Regel.
Shrubs diffuse, 1–2.5 m tall. Bark gray-brown; branchlets ascending-spreading, purple-brown, terete; prickles paired at nodes, mostly straight, to 5 mm, somewhat flat, abruptly narrowing to broad base. Leaves including petiole 5–11 cm; stipules mostly adnate to petiole, free parts subulate, margin glandular-pubescent; rachis and petioles with scattered small prickles; leaflets 9–15, elliptic or oblong, rarely obovate, 1–2 × 0.6–1.2 cm, glabrous, abaxially with prominent veins, conspicuously reticulate, base broadly cuneate, margin acutely simply serrulate, apex acute or rounded-obtuse. Flowers solitary, or 2 or 3 and fasciculate apically on branches, 4–6 cm in diam.; pedicel short; bracts 2 or 3, small, margin glandular-pubescent. Hypanthium depressed-globose, densely bristly. Sepals 5, usually broadly ovate, abaxially densely prickly, adaxially tomentose, pinnately lobed, apex acuminate. Petals 5, slightly fragrant, pink to rose-purple or reddish, obovate. Carpels on projected torus at base of hypanthium; styles free, not exserted, shorter than stamens, pubescent. Hip green-red, depressed-globose, 1.5–2 cm in diam., densely prickly, with persistent, erect sepals. Fl. Mar–Jul, fr. Aug–Oct.
Mountain forests, thickets, slopes, stream sides, also cultivated; 500--1400 m. Anhui, Fujian, S Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan].
Two forms may be recognized: f. roxburghii, which has double or semi-double, reddish or pink flowers 5–6 cm in diam., and f. normalis Rehder & E. H. Wilson (in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 2: 318. 1915), which has simple, pink flowers 4–6 cm in diam. The specific epithet was spelled “roxbourgii” in the protologue.
The edible fruit are very rich in vitamins and have a sweet, sour taste; they are used medicinally and to ferment wine. The roots are also used medicinally. The species is also cultivated for ornament, for its showy flowers, or as a hedge because of its abundant prickles.