栏目

铁杆蔷薇Rosa prattii Hemsl.

铁杆蔷薇Rosa prattii Hemsl.

别名:勃拉蔷薇;蔷薇;中甸蔷薇;铁秆蔷薇;

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:蔷薇属 Rosa

《中国植物志》第37卷395页
  26.铁杆蔷薇(四川)勃拉蔷薇(经济植物手册)图版66:4-5
  Rosa prattii Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 29: 307. f. 30. 1892; Willmott, Gen. Ros. 1: 161. 1911; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: .527. 1933.
  灌木,高1-2.5米;小枝圆柱形,细弱,稍弯曲,紫褐色或红褐色,散生黄色直立的皮刺,常混生细密针刺。小叶7-15,连叶柄长5-10厘米;小叶片椭圆形或、长圆形,长6-20毫米,宽4-10毫米,先端急尖,基部近圆形或宽楔形,边缘有浅细锯齿,有时近基部全缘,平时稍微向下反卷,上面无毛,中脉下陷,下面中脉突起,沿中脉有短柔毛;叶柄和叶轴有柔毛和腺毛或偶有针刺;托叶大部贴生于叶柄,离生部分卵形,先端渐尖,边缘有带腺锯齿。花常2-7朵簇生,近伞形伞房状花序,稀单生;苞片卵形,先端渐尖或尾尖,边缘有带腺锯齿;花梗长8-30毫米,有腺毛,幼时有稀疏柔毛;花直径约2厘米;萼筒纺锤形,光滑无毛或有腺毛;萼片卵状披针形,先端扩展成尾状,全缘,外面有稀疏柔毛和有腺毛,内面密被柔毛;花瓣粉红色,宽倒卵形,先端微凹,基部宽楔形;花柱离生,密被长柔毛,比雄蕊短很多。果卵球形至椭圆形,有短颈,直径5-8毫米,猩红色,萼片直立有腺或无腺,熟后萼片脱落。花期5-7月,果期8-10月。
  产甘肃、四川,云南等省。生山坡阳处灌丛或混交林中,海拔1900-3000米。模式标本采自四川康定。
  本种与钝叶蔷薇R. sertata Rolfe极为近似,区别在于后者叶片多卵状椭圆形,下面常无毛,果实成熟后萼片宿存。
形态特征:灌木,高1—2.5米;小枝圆柱形,细弱,稍弯曲,紫褐色或红褐色,散生黄色直立的皮刺,常混生细密针刺。小叶?一15,连叶柄长5—10厘米;小叶片椭圆形或长圆形,长6—20毫米,宽4—10毫米,先端急尖,基部近圆形或宽楔形,边缘有浅细锯齿,有时近基部全缘,平时稍微向下反卷,上面无毛,中脉下陷,下面中脉突起,沿中脉有短柔毛;叶柄和叶轴有柔毛和腺毛或偶有针刺;托叶大部贴生于叶柄-,离生部分卵形,先端渐尖;边缘有带腺锯齿。花常2一?朵簇生,近伞形伞房状花序,稀单生;苞片卵形,先端渐尖或尾尖,边缘有带腺锯齿;花梗长8—30毫米,有腺毛;幼时有稀疏柔毛;花直径约2厘米;萼筒纺锤形,光滑’无毛或有腺毛;萼片卵状披针形,先端扩展成尾状,全缘,外面有稀疏柔毛和有腺毛;内面密被柔毛;花瓣粉红色,宽倒卵形,先端微凹,基部宽楔形;花柱离生,密被长柔毛,比雄蕊短很多。果卵球形至椭圆形,有短颈,直径5--8毫米,猩红色,萼片直立有腺或无腺。熟后萼片脱落。 花期5--月,果期8—10月。
产地分布:产甘肃、四川、云南等省。生山坡阳处灌丛或混交林中,海拔1900—3D00米。模式标本采自四川康定。
本种提示:本种与钝叶蔷薇 R.sertita Rolfe 极为近似,区别在于后者叶片多卵状椭圆形,下面常无毛,果实成熟后萼片宿存。
参考文献:Rosa prattil Hemsl in Journ,Linn.Soc.Bot.29:307.F.30.1892;Willmott,Gen.。Ros.1:161.1911;Hand.—Mazz.Symb.Sin.?:527.1933.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rosa prattii  Hemsley. J. Linn. Soc.
铁杆蔷薇   tie gan qiang wei
Shrubs 1–2.5 m tall. Branchlets purple-brown or red-brown, terete, slightly curved, slender; prickles scattered, yellow, straight, to 1 cm, sometimes intermixed with numerous bristles; bristles sometimes glandular. Leaves including petiole 5–10 cm; stipules mostly adnate to petiole, free parts ovate, margin glandular serrate, apex acuminate; rachis and petiole pubescent and glandular-pubescent, occasionally with small prickles; leaflets 7–15, elliptic or oblong, 6–20 × 4–10 mm, abaxially pubescent along prominent midvein, adaxially glabrous, with concave midvein, base subrounded or broadly cuneate, margin serrulate, sometimes near base entire, slightly revolute, apex acute or obtuse. Flowers 2–7, in umbel-like corymb, rarely solitary, ca. 2 cm in diam.; pedicel 8–30 mm, glandular-pubescent; bracts ovate, margin glandular serrate, apex acuminate or caudate. Hypanthium fusiform, glabrous or glandular-pubescent. Sepals 5, deciduous, ovate-lanceolate, abaxially sparsely pubescent and glandular-pubescent, adaxially densely pubescent, margin entire, apex dilated and caudate. Petals 5, pink, broadly obovate, base broadly cuneate, apex emarginate. Styles free, much shorter than stamens, densely villous. Hip deep red, ovoid or ellipsoid, 5–8 mm in diam., with a short neck, after ripening apical part of hypanthium and sepals deciduous together. Fl. May–Jul, fr. Aug–Oct.
Broad-leaved and coniferous forests, scrub on open slopes; 1900--3000 m. Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan.

TOP