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曲枝委陵菜Potentilla yokusaiana Makino

曲枝委陵菜Potentilla yokusaiana Makino

别名:匍枝萎陵菜(东北植物检索表),匐枝委陵菜(东北草本植物志)

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:委陵菜属 Potentilla

《中国植物志》第37卷329页
  80.曲枝委陵菜 匍枝萎陵菜(东北植物检索表),匐枝委陵菜(东北草本植物志)
  Potentilla yokutsaiana Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 142, 1910;东北植物检索表154.图版47.图4. 1959;东北草本植物志5: 18.图版7. 图5-9. 1976. ——P. freymanaBornm. var. grandiflora Wolf in Bibl. Bot. 71: 640. 1908.
  多年生草本,须根簇生并有匍匐枝。匍匐枝常弯曲成膝状,在节处生根发出新植物。基生叶3出掌状复叶,稀叶柄上有1-2个极小的附片,连叶柄长4-7厘米,叶柄被稀疏开展长柔毛,小叶有短柄或几无柄;小叶片菱状卵形、菱状倒卵形或广椭圆形,长t-3.5厘米,宽1-2厘米,顶端急尖,稀圆钝,边缘有多数卵形条裂状锯齿,间或杂有重锯齿,齿端尖锐,上面绿色,被稀疏开展长柔毛,匍匐枝上叶与基生叶相似,花茎上叶1-2,小叶退化缩小,呈倒卵椭圆形,仅顶端有3-4齿;基生叶托叶膜质,褐色,外面被稀疏长柔毛,匍;旬枝上托叶薄膜质,淡褐色,披针形,全缘,花茎上托叶草质,卵形,全缘,极稀顶端有齿,外被稀疏长柔毛。伞房花序顶生,花6-8朵,松散;花直径1.5-2厘米;萼片卵状披针形,顶端渐尖,副萼片披针形,顶端渐尖,与萼片近等长;花瓣黄色,倒卵长圆形,顶端微凹,比萼片长半倍;花柱近顶生,基部细,柱头头状扩大。花期5月。
  产辽宁。生山坡灌丛间及山地林缘。日本和朝鲜有分布。
  东北地区民间全草入药,水煮可治痢疾泻肚。
  本种与三叶委陵菜P. freyniana Bornm.相似,但后者根粗壮,匍匐枝不弯曲呈膝状,或不具匍匐枝,小叶边缘锯齿急尖,两面疏生平铺柔毛,花茎上托叶呈缺刻状锐裂,花直径约1厘米,可以区别。
形态特征:多年生草本,须根簇生并有匍匐枝。匍匐枝常弯曲成膝状,在节处生根发出新植物。基生叶3出掌状复叶,稀叶柄上有1—2个极小的附片,连叶柄长4--7厘米,叶柄被稀疏开展长柔毛,小叶有短柄或几无柄;小叶片菱状卵形、菱状倒卵形或广椭圆形,长1—3.5厘米,宽1—2厘米,顶端急尖,稀圆钝,边缘有多数卵形条裂状锯齿,间或杂有重锯齿,齿端尖锐,上面绿色,被稀疏开展长柔毛,匍匐枝上叶与基生叶相似,花茎上叶1—2,小叶退化缩小,呈倒卵椭圆形,仅顶端有3—4齿;基生叶托叶膜质,褐色,外面被稀疏长柔毛,匍匐枝上托叶薄膜质,淡褐色,披针形,全缘,花茎上托叶萆质,卵形,全缘,极稀顶端有齿,外被稀疏长柔毛。伞房花序顶生,花6—8朵,松散;花直径1.5—2厘米;萼片卵状披针形,顶端渐尖,副萼片披针形,顶端渐尖,与萼片近等长;花瓣黄色,倒卵长圆形,顶端微凹,比萼片长半倍;花柱近顶生,基部细,柱头头状扩大。 花期5月。
用    途:东北地区民间全草入药,水煮可冶痢疾泻肚。
产地分布:产辽宁。生山坡灌丛间及山地林缘。日本和朝鲜有分布。
本种提示:本种与三叶委陵菜P.freyniana Bornm,相似,但后者根粗壮,匍匐枝不弯曲呈膝状, ,或不具匍匐枝,小叶边缘锯齿急尖,两面疏生平铺柔毛,花茎上托叶呈缺刻状锐裂,花直径约1厘米,可以区别。
参考文献:Potentilla yokusaiana Makino:in BotMag Tokyo 142.1910;东北植物检索表154.图版47.图4.1959;东北草本植物志5:18.图版7.图5--9.1976.----P.FreynianaBornm.Var.Grandiflora Wolf in.Bibl.Bot.71:640.,1908.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Potentilla rosulifera  H. Léveillé
曲枝委陵菜   qu zhi wei ling cai
Potentilla freyniana Bornmüller var. grandiflora Th. Wolf; P. querpaertensis Cardot; P. yokusaiana Makino.
Herbs perennial, stoloniferous. Roots fibrous. Stolons curved and zigzagged, with adventitious roots at nodes. Radical leaves 4–7 cm including petiole; stipules brown, membranous, abaxially sparsely villous; petiole sparsely spreading villous; leaf blade 3-foliolate, rarely also with 1 or 2 minute segments on petiole; leaflets shortly petiolulate or subsessile, adaxially green, rhombic-ovate, rhombic-obovate, or broadly elliptic, 1–3.5 × 1–2 cm, adaxially sparsely spreading villous, margin many serrate with teeth ovate and dissected into linear lobes, sometimes acutely doubly serrate, apex acute, rarely obtuse; stolon leaves resembling radical ones; stipules pale brown, lanceolate, thinly membranous, margin entire; cauline leaves: stipules ovate, herbaceous, abaxially sparsely villous, margin entire, very rarely serrate at apex; leaf blade 1- or 2-foliolate; leaflets reduced, obovate-elliptic, apex 3- or 4-serrate. Inflorescence terminal, laxly corymbose, 6–8-flowered. Flower 1.5–2 cm in diam. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, apex acuminate; epicalyx segments lanceolate, nearly equaling sepals, apex acuminate. Petals yellow, obovate-oblong, ca. 1/2 as long as sepals, apex emarginate. Style subterminal, thin at base; stigma dilated, capitate. Achenes not seen. Fl. May.
Mountain forest margins, thickets on mountain slopes. Liaoning [Japan, Korea].
This species is used medicinally.

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