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刚毛委陵菜Potentilla asperrima Turcz.

刚毛委陵菜Potentilla asperrima Turcz.

别名:刚毛萎陵菜;

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:委陵菜属 Potentilla

《中国植物志》第37卷319页
  69.刚毛委陵菜 刚毛萎陵菜(东北植物检索表)
  Potentilla asperrima Trurcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 16: 609. 1843; Juzep. in Fl. URSS 10:170. 1941; 东北草本植物志5: 16. 图版6. 图4-5. 1976,
  多年生草本。根圆柱形。花茎直立或上升,高8-13厘米,被长刚毛,稀疏短柔毛,有柄和无柄淡黄色腺体。基生叶为3出复叶,连叶柄长4-9厘米,叶柄被长刚毛、稀疏短柔毛,有柄和无柄腺体;小叶几无柄或有短柄,小叶片倒卵形,长1-2.5厘米,宽0.7-1.5厘米,顶端圆钝,基部楔形,边缘有缺刻状急尖锯齿,偶有重锯齿,上面有长刚毛,下面有长刚毛,短柔毛、有柄和无柄腺体;茎生叶1-2,与基生叶相似,但小叶较小;基生叶托叶膜质。褐色,外面被长刚毛、短柔毛及疏生腺体,茎生叶托叶草质,绿色,外面被长刚毛、短柔毛及腺体,全缘,顶端渐尖。顶生伞房状聚伞花序,少花;花梗长1-1.5厘米,外被柔毛及腺毛;花直径约1厘米;萼片三角卵形,顶端渐尖,副萼片披针形,顶端渐尖,边缘有齿,外面有长刚毛及腺体;花瓣黄色,倒心形,顶端凹下,与萼片近等长或过之;花柱近顶生,基部膨大,柱头扩大。瘦果近肾形具脉纹。花果期6-9月。
  产黑龙江。生砂地、林缘及草甸。苏联东西伯利亚及远东地区也有分布。
  本种为矮小草本,有3出复叶,在茎、叶、叶柄及萼片外面均被有细长而坚硬的刚毛和腺毛,最为特殊,易与其他种类区别。
形态特征:多年生草本。根圆柱形。花茎直立或上升,高8一13厘米,被长刚毛,稀疏短柔毛,有柄和无柄淡黄色腺体。基生叶为3出复叶,连叶柄长4--9厘米,叶柄被长刚毛、稀疏短柔毛,有柄和无柄腺体;小叶几无柄或有短柄,小叶片倒卵形,长1—2.5厘米,宽0.7—1.5厘米,顶端圆钝,基部楔形,边缘有缺刻状急尖锯齿,偶有重锯齿,上面有长刚毛,下面有长刚毛,短柔毛、有柄和无柄腺体;茎生叶1—2,与基生叶相似,但小叶较小;基生叶托叶膜质,褐色,外面被长刚毛、短柔毛及疏生腺体,茎生叶托叶草质,绿色,外面被长刚毛、短柔毛及腺体,全缘,顶端渐尖。顶生伞房状聚伞花序,少花;花梗长1—1.5厘米,外被柔毛及腺毛;花直径约1厘米;萼片三角卵形,顶端渐尖,副萼片披针形,顶端渐尖,边缘有齿,外面有长刚毛及腺体;花瓣黄色,倒心形,顶端凹下,与萼片近等长或过之;花柱近顶生,基部膨大,柱头扩大。瘦果近肾形具脉纹。 花果期6—9月。
产地分布:产黑龙江。生砂地、林缘及草甸。苏联东西伯利亚及远东地区也有分布。
本种提示:本种为矮小草本,有3出复叶,在茎、叶、叶柄及萼片外面均被有细长而坚硬的刚毛和腺毛,最为特殊;易与其他种类区别。
参考文献:Potentilla asperrima,rurcz.In Bull.Soc.Nat.Mosc.16:609.1843;Juzep in Fl.URSS 10:170.1941;东北草本植物志S:16.图版6.图4--5.1976.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Potentilla asperrima  Turczaninow
刚毛委陵菜   gang mao wei ling cai
Herbs perennial. Roots terete. Flowering stems erect or ascending, 8–13 cm tall, together with petioles setose, sparsely pubescent, and stipitate or sessile glandular. Radical leaves 4–9 cm including petiole; stipules brown, membranous, abaxially setose, pubescent, and sparsely glandular; leaf blade 3-foliolate; leaflets subsessile or shortly petiolulate, obovate, 1–2.5 × 0.7–1.5 cm, abaxially setose, pubescent, and sessile glandular, adaxially setose, base cuneate, margin acutely incised serrate, occasionally doubly serrate, apex obtuse; cauline leaves 1 or 2, resembling radical ones; stipules herbaceous, abaxially setose, pubescent, and glandular. Inflorescence terminal, corymbose-cymose, few flowered. Flowers ca. 1 cm in diam.; pedicel 1–1.5 cm, villous and glandular hairy. Sepals triangular-ovate, apex acuminate; epicalyx segments lanceolate, abaxially setose, margin serrate, apex acuminate. Petals yellow, obcordate, nearly equaling or longer than sepals, apex emarginate. Style subterminal, base thickened; stigma dilated. Achenes subreniform, rugose. Fl. and fr. Jun–Sep.
Forest margins, meadows, gravels. Heilongjiang [E Russia].

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