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全缘桂樱Laurocerasus marginata (Dunn.) Yü et Lu

全缘桂樱Laurocerasus marginata (Dunn.) Yü et Lu

别名:全边稠李;镶边樱;

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:桂樱属 Laurocerasus

《中国植物志》第38卷121页
  12. 全缘桂樱 全边稠李(拉汉种子植物名称)
  Laurocerasus marginata (Dunn) Yu et Lu in Bull. Bot. Research 4 (4): 52. 1984. ——Prunus marginata Dunn in Journ. Bot. 45: 402. 1907; Koehne in Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 52:300. 1915.
  常绿小乔木或灌木,高4-6米;小枝灰褐色至黑褐色,疏生不明显皮孔,幼时密被黄褐色柔毛,老时宿存或脱落。叶片厚革质,长圆形至倒卵状长圆形,长5-7(9)厘米,宽1.5-3(4)厘米,先端渐尖,尖头钝,基部狭楔形,一侧常偏斜,叶边平,全缘而具坚硬厚边,两面无毛,上面亮绿色,下面色较浅,近基部具基腺2枚或无,侧脉和网脉均不明显;叶柄长1-5毫米,无毛;托叶早落。总状花序短小,单生于叶腋,具花数朵,长2-3厘米,密被柔毛;花梗长1-3毫米;苞片早落;花直径2-3毫米;花萼外面无毛或微被柔毛;萼筒钟形或杯形,长约2毫米;萼片卵形至卵状披针形,先端圆钝或急尖;花瓣近圆形或倒卵形,长2-3毫米,白色;雄蕊约25-30,长于花瓣;子房无毛,花柱几与雄蕊等长。果实卵球形,长10-12毫米,宽7-9毫米,暗褐色至黑褐色,无毛;核壁较薄,成熟时表面具细网纹。花期春夏,果期秋冬季。
  产广东(清远、乳源、蕉岭)。生于山坡阳处或山顶疏密林内或于路边及沟旁,海拔500-700米。
  C. Kalkman在Blumea 13(1):39. 1965中把此种归作为刺叶桂樱L. spinulosa(Sieb. et Zucc.)Schneid.的异名。据标本观察,刺叶桂樱的叶片较薄,网脉明显,叶边常呈波状,中部以上或近顶端常具少数针状锐锯齿;叶柄长5-1。(15)毫米;花序长5-10厘米;果实椭圆形,核表面光滑。而全缘桂樱的叶片厚革质,网脉不明显或看不见,边缘不呈波状,全缘;叶柄长1-5毫米;花序长2-3厘米;果实卵球形,核表面具细网纹。两种可以识别,不应合并。
形态特征:常绿小乔木或灌木,高4—6米;小枝灰褐色至黑褐色,疏生不明显皮孔,幼时密被黄·褐色柔毛,老时宿存或脱落。叶片厚革质,长圆形至倒卵状长圆形,长5--7(9)厘米,宽1.5—3(4)厘米,先端渐尖,尖头钝,基部狭楔形,一侧常偏斜,叶边平,全缘而具坚硬厚边,两面无毛,上面亮绿色,下面色较浅,近基部具基腺2枚或无,侧脉和网脉均不明显;叶柄长1—5毫米,无毛;托叶早落。总状花序短小,单生于叶腋,具花数朵,长2—3厘米,密被柔毛;花梗长1—3毫米;苞片早落;花直径2—3毫米;花萼外面无毛或微被柔毛;萼筒钟形或杯形,长约2毫米;萼片卵形至卵状披针形,先端圆钝或急尖;花瓣近圆形或倒卵形,长2—3毫米,白色;雄蕊约25—30,长于花瓣;子房无毛,花柱几与雄蕊等长。果实卵球形,长10—12毫米,宽7—9毫米,暗褐色至黑褐色,无毛;核壁较薄,成熟时表面具细网纹。 花期春夏,果期秋冬季。
产地分布:产广东(清远、乳源、蕉岭)。生于山坡阳处或山顶疏密林内或于路边及沟旁,海拔500—700米。
本种提示:C.Kalkman在Blumea 13(1):39.1965中把此种归作为刺叶桂樱L spinulosa(Sieb.ct zucc.)schneid.的异名。据标本观察,刺叶桂樱的叶片较薄,网脉明显,叶边常呈波状,中部以上或近顶端常具少数针状锐锯齿;叶柄长5—10(15)毫米;花序长5—10厘米;果实椭圆形,核表面光滑。而全缘桂樱的叶片厚革质,网脉不明显或看不见,边缘不呈波状,全缘;叶柄长1—5毫米;花序长2—3厘米;果实卵球形,核表面具细网纹。两种可以识别,不应合并。
参考文献:Lauroeerasus marglnata (Dunn) Yu et Lu in Bull. Bot. Research 4 (4):52.1984.-- Prunus marginata Dunn in Journ. Bot. 45: 402. 1907; Koehne in Engler, Bot.Jahrb. 52:300. 1915.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Laurocerasus marginata  (Dunn) T. T. Yu & L. T. Lu
全缘桂樱   quan yuan gui ying
Prunus marginata Dunn, J. Bot. 45: 402. 1907.
Trees or shrubs, 4–6 m tall. Branchlets grayish brown to blackish brown, densely yellowish brown pubescent when young, glabrescent or hairs persistent, sparsely covered with inconspicuous suborbicular lenticels. Winter buds dark brown, ovoid, 2–4 mm, apex obtuse to acute; scale margins ciliate. Petiole 1–5 mm, glabrous; leaf blade oblong to obovate-oblong, 5–7(–9) × 1.5–3(–4) cm, thickly leathery, both surfaces glabrous, abaxially greenish and with or without 2 basal nectaries, adaxially lustrous green, base narrowly cuneate and asymmetric, margin flat, entire, and hard, apex acuminate and obtusely mucronate; secondary veins indistinct. Racemes axillary, solitary, 2–3(–4) cm, several-flowered; rachis densely pubescent; bracts small, soon caducous. Flowers 2–3 mm in diam. Pedicel 1–3 mm, densely pubescent. Hypanthium campanulate to cup-shaped, ca. 2 mm, outside glabrous or puberulous. Sepals ovate to ovate-lanceolate, slightly shorter than hypanthium, outside glabrous or puberulous, apex obtuse to acute. Petals white, suborbicular to obovate, 2–3 mm. Stamens 25–30, longer than petals. Ovary glabrous. Style nearly as long as stamens. Drupe dark brown blackish brown, ovoid-globose, 10–12 × 7–9 mm, glabrous; endocarp very thin, thinly reticulately rugose when mature. Fl. spring, fr. autumn to winter.
Mountain top forests, thickets, sunny slopes, along trails, ravines; 500--700 m. Guangdong.

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