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毛背桂樱Laurocerasus hypotricha (Rehd.) Yü et Lu

毛背桂樱Laurocerasus hypotricha (Rehd.) Yü et Lu

别名:毛背樱;

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:桂樱属 Laurocerasus

《中国植物志》第38卷113页
  3. 毛背桂樱 毛背樱(拉汉种子植物名称)
  Laurocerasus hypotricha (Rehd.) Yu et Lu in Bull. Bot. Research 4 (4): 44. 1984. ——Prunus macrophylla Sieb. et Zucc. var. puberifolia Koehne in Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 52: 304. 1915.——Prunus hypotricha Rehd. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 3:425. 1917.
  常绿乔木,高约5-15米;小枝棕褐色至灰褐色,具不明显小皮孔,被黄灰色柔毛。叶片革质,椭圆形或椭圆状长圆形,长10-18厘米,宽(4)5-7厘米,先端短渐尖,基部圆形或宽楔形,叶边有较密粗锯齿,齿顶有暗褐色腺体,上面无毛,光亮,下面密被灰白色柔毛,侧脉明显,约10-12对,在下面明显突起;叶柄长6-10毫米,中部以上沿边缘具1对大形扁平腺体,被柔毛,老时脱落;托叶早落。总状花序常单生,有时2-3个簇生,长2-5厘米,被柔毛;花梗长4-10毫米;苞片卵状披针形,长约5-6毫米,具柔毛,早落;花直径5-6毫米;花萼外面被柔毛;萼筒钟形或杯形;萼片卵状三角形,先端圆钝;花瓣近圆形或宽倒卵形,直径4-5毫米;雄蕊约20-30,长于花瓣;子房具柔毛,花柱稍长于雄蕊。果实卵状长圆形,长20-25毫米,宽10-12毫米,顶端急尖,暗褐色,无毛;核壁较薄。花期9-10月,果期11-12月。
  产江西、福建、广东、广西、四川、贵州、云南。生于山坡、山谷或溪边疏林内,海拔200-2600米。模式标本采自四川灌县。
  本种和大叶桂樱L. zippeliana(Miq.)Yu et Lu相近,区别在于后者枝、叶柄、叶片下面和子房均无毛;叶柄较长,长1-2厘米;花梗较短,长1-3毫米。
形态特征:常绿乔木,高约5—15米;小枝棕褐色至灰褐色,具不明显小皮孔,被黄灰色柔毛.叶片革质,椭圆形或椭圆状长圆形,长10—18厘米,宽(4)5-7厘米,先端短渐尖,基部圆形或宽楔形,叶边有较密粗锯齿,齿顶有暗褐色腺体,上面无毛,光亮,下面密被灰白色柔毛,侧脉明显,约10-12对,在下面明显突起;叶柄长6—10毫米,中部以上沿边缘具1对大形扁平腺体,被柔毛,老时脱落;托叶早落。总状花序常单生,有时2—3个簇生,长2—5厘米,被柔毛;花梗长4—10毫米;苞片卵状披针形,长约5—6毫米,具柔毛,早落;花直径5—6毫米;花萼外面被柔毛;萼筒钟形或杯形;萼片卵状三角形,先端圆钝;花瓣近圆形或宽倒卵形,直径4—5毫米;雄蕊约20—30,长于花瓣;子房具柔毛,花柱稍长于雄蕊。果实卵状长圆形,长20—25毫米,宽10—12毫米,顶端急尖,暗褐色,无毛;核壁较薄。花期9—10月,果期11一11月。
产地分布:产江西、福建、广东、广西、四川、贵州、云南。 生于山坡、山谷或溪边疏林内,海拔200-—2600米。模式标本采自四川灌县。
本种提示:本种和大叶桂樱L.zippeliana(Miq.)Yu et Lu相近,区别在于后者枝、叶柄、叶片下面和子房均无毛;叶柄较长,长1—2厘米;花梗较短,长1—3毫米。
参考文献:Laurocerasus hypotricha(Rehd.)Yu et Lu in Bull. Bot. Research 4(4): 44.1984.——Prunus macrophylla Sieb.et Zucc.var.puberifolia Koehne in Engler,Bot.Jahrb.52:304.1915.——Prunus hypotricha Rehd.in Sarg.pl.Wils.3:425.1917.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Laurocerasus hypotricha  (Rehder) T. T. Yu & L. T. Lu
毛背桂樱   mao bei gui ying
Prunus hypotricha Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 3: 425. 1917; P. macrophylla Siebold & Zuccarini var. puberifolia Koehne.
Trees 5–15 m tall. Branchlets brownish to grayish brown, yellowish gray pubescent, with inconspicuous small lenticels. Petiole 6–10 mm, pubescent, glabrescent, with a pair of large flat nectaries apically from middle; leaf blade elliptic to elliptic-oblong, 10–18 × (4–)5–7 cm, leathery, abaxially densely gray pubescent, adaxially lustrous and glabrous, base rounded to broadly cuneate, margin ± densely coarsely serrate and teeth with a dark brown apical gland, apex shortly acuminate; secondary veins 10–12 on either side of midvein, prominent, abaxially raised. Racemes usually solitary, sometimes 2 or 3 in a fascicle, 2–5 cm; rachis pubescent; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 5–6 mm, soon caducous, pubescent. Flowers 5–6 mm in diam. Pedicel 4–10 mm, pubescent. Hypanthium campanulate to cup-shaped, outside pubescent. Sepals ovate-triangular, outside pubescent, apex obtuse. Petals suborbicular to broadly obovate, 4–5 mm in diam. Stamens 20–30, longer than petals. Ovary pubescent. Style slightly longer than stamens. Drupe dark brown, ovoid-oblong, 2–2.5 × 1–1.2 cm, glabrous, apex acute; endocarp slightly compressed, ± thin, fragile. Fl. Sep–Oct, fr. Nov–Dec.
Sparse forests, slopes, mountain valleys, stream sides; 200--2600 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan.

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