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南方桂樱Laurocerasus australis Yü et Lu

南方桂樱Laurocerasus australis Yü et Lu

别名:

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:桂樱属 Laurocerasus

《中国植物志》第38卷121页
  11. 南方桂樱 图版20:3-5
  Laurocerasus australis Yu et Lu in Bull. Bot. Research 4(4): 51. 1984.
  常绿灌木至小乔木,高3-4米;小枝灰褐色至紫褐色,具细小皮孔,无毛。叶片革质,椭圆形,长4.5-9厘米,宽2-3.5厘米,先端急尖至短渐尖,基部楔形,叶边具较密小钝锯齿,齿端有紫黑色小腺体,两面无毛,侧脉稍明显,约5-7对;叶柄细,长5-7毫米,无毛,常无腺体,稀于中部以上具1对小腺体;托叶早落。总状花序常单生于叶腋,长4-5厘米,具花10余朵,被短柔毛;花梗长4-6毫米;苞片早落;花直径5-6毫米;花萼外面微被柔毛;萼筒钟形;萼片卵状三角形;花瓣倒卵形或近圆形,长于萼片,白色;雄蕊约15-20,比花瓣长;子房无毛;花柱几与雄蕊等长或稍长。果实椭圆形或卵状椭圆形,长约10毫米,顶端急尖,黑褐色,无毛;核壁较薄。花期夏秋,果期冬季至翌年春季。
  产贵州(望谟)、广西(德宝)。生于山坡阳处疏林中或山顶密林中,海拔750米。模式标本采自望谟。
  此种和大叶桂樱 L. zippeliana(Miq.)Yu et Lu比较,后者为高大乔木,高10-25米,叶片宽卵形至椭圆状长圆形或宽长圆形,长10-19厘米,侧脉7-11对;叶柄长1-2厘米;花梗较短,长1-3毫米;果实长圆形或卵状长圆形,长18-24毫米。又本种和冬青叶桂樱L. aquifolioides(Chun)Yu et Lu比较,后者叶边具稀疏锐锯齿或几全缘;叶柄较短,长1-4毫米;总状花序短小,长1-3厘米,具花数朵;果实近球形。三者可以区别。
形态特征:常绿灌木至小乔木,高3—4米;小枝灰褐色至紫褐色,具细小皮孔,无毛。叶片革质,椭圆形,长4.5—9厘米,宽2--3.5厘米,先端急尖至短渐尖,基部楔形,叶边具较密小钝锯齿,齿端有紫黑色小腺体,两面无毛,侧脉稍明显,约5-7对;叶柄细,长5—7毫米,无毛,常无腺体,稀于中部以上具1对小腺体;托叶早落。总状花序常单生于叶腋,长4—5厘米,具花10余朵,被短柔毛;花梗长4—6毫米;苞片早落;花直径5—6毫米;花萼外面微被柔毛;萼筒钟形;萼片卵状三角形;花瓣倒卵形或近圆形,长于萼片,白色;雄蕊约15—20,比花瓣长;子房无毛;花柱几与雄蕊等长或稍长。果实椭圆形或卵状椭圆形,长约10毫米,顶端急尖,黑褐色,无毛;核壁较薄。 花期夏秋,果期冬季至翌年春季。
产地分布:产贵州(望谟)、广西(德宝)。生于山坡阳处疏林中或山顶密林中,海拔750米。模式标本采自望谟。
本种提示:此种和大叶桂樱L zippeliana(Miq.)Yu et Lu比较,后者为高大乔木,高10—25米,叶片宽卵形至椭圆状长圆形或宽长圆形,长10—19厘米,侧脉7-11对;叶柄长1—2厘米;花梗较短,长1—3毫米;果实长圆形或卵状长圆形,长18—2牛毫米。又本种和冬青叶桂樱L. aquifolioides(Chun)Yu et Lu比较,后者叶边具稀疏锐锯齿或几全缘;叶柄较短,长1—4毫米;总状花序短小,长1—3厘米,具花数朵;果实近球形。三者可以区别。
参考文献:Laurocerasus australis Yu et Lu in Bull. Bot. Research 4(4): 51. 1984.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Laurocerasus australis  T. T. Yu & L. T. Lu
南方桂樱   nan fang gui ying
Shrubs or trees, 3–4 m tall. Branchlets grayish brown to purplish brown, glabrous, with small lenticels. Petiole slender, 5–7 mm, glabrous, usually without nectaries, rarely with a pair of minute nectaries apical from middle; leaf blade elliptic, 4.5–9 × 2–3.5 cm, leathery, both surfaces glabrous, base cuneate, margin densely and minutely obtusely serrate and teeth with a small purplish black apical gland, apex acute to shortly acuminate; secondary veins 5–7 on either side of midvein, slightly prominent. Racemes axillary, solitary, 4–5 cm, 10-flowered or more; rachis pubescent; bracts small, soon caducous. Flowers 5–6 mm in diam. Pedicel 4–6 mm, pubescent. Hypanthium campanulate, outside puberulous. Sepals ovate-triangular, outside puberulous. Petals white, obovate to suborbicular, longer than sepals. Stamens 15–20, longer than petals. Ovary glabrous. Style nearly as long to slightly longer than stamens. Drupe blackish brown, ellipsoid to ovoid-ellipsoid, ca. 1 cm, glabrous, apex acute; endocarp very thin. Fl. summer to autumn, fr. winter to spring.
Slope sparse forests, mountain top dense forests; ca. 800 m. W Guangxi (Debao Xian), SW Guizhou (Wangmo Bouyeizu Miaozu Zizhixian).

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