栏目

旋果蚊子草Filipendula ulmaria (Linn.) Maxim.

旋果蚊子草Filipendula ulmaria (Linn.) Maxim.

别名:queen of the meadow;蚊子草;榆叶合叶子;榆叶蚊子草;榆合叶;

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:蚊子草属 Filipendula

《中国植物志》第37卷010页
  7.旋果蚊子草 图版1: 7-8
  Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 6: 251. 1879: Juzep. in Fl. URSS 10: 284. 1941. ——Spiraea ulmaria L. sp. Pl. 490. 1753
  多年生草本,高80-120厘米。茎有稜,光滑无毛。叶为羽状复叶,有小叶2-5对,叶柄无毛;顶生小叶3-5裂,裂片披针形到长圆披针形,顶端渐尖,边缘有重锯齿或不明显裂片,上面无毛,下面被白色绒毛,有时少数基部叶绒毛脱落近于无毛;侧生小叶比顶生小叶稍小或几等长,长圆状卵形或椭圆披针形,顶端渐尖,基部圆形,边缘有重锯齿或不明显裂片;托叶草质,绿色,半心形或卵披针形,边缘有锐齿。顶生圆锥花序,花梗疏被短柔毛;花直径约5毫米;萼片卵形,顶端急尖或圆钝,外面密被短柔毛;花瓣白色,倒卵形。瘦果弯曲如螺旋状着生于果托上,几无柄。花果期6-9月。
  产新疆。生山谷阴处、沼泽、林缘及水边,海拔1200-2400米。广布于欧亚北极地区及寒温带、南可达土耳其、苏联中亚地区及蒙古。
形态特征:多年生草本,高80一120厘米。茎有绫,光滑无毛。叶为羽状复叶,有小叶2—5片 叶柄无毛;顶生小叶3—5裂,裂片披针形到长圆披针形,顶端渐尖,边缘有重锯齿或不 显裂片,上面无毛,下面被白色绒毛,有时少数基部叶绒毛脱落近于无毛;侧生小叶比顶 小叶稍小或几等长,长圆状卵形或椭圆披针形,顶端渐尖,基部圆形,边缘有重锯齿或不 显裂片;托叶草质,绿色,半心形或卵拉针形,边缘有锐齿。顶生圆锥花序,花梗疏被短 毛;花直径约5毫米;萼片卵形,顶端急尖或圆钝,外面密被短柔毛;花瓣白色,倒卵形。 果弯曲如螺旋状着生于果托上,几无柄。花果期6—9月。
产地分布:产新疆。生山谷阴处、沼泽、林缘及水边,海拔1200—2400米。广布于欧亚北极地 及寒温带、南可达土耳其、苏联中亚地区及蒙古。
参考文献:Filipendula ulmaria(l.)Maxim.M Acta Hort.Petrop·6:251.1879;Juzep·F1.URSS 10:284.1941.--Spitraea ulmaria L.sP.P1.490.1753

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Filipendula ulmaria  (Linnaeus) Maximowicz
旋果蚊子草   xuan guo wen zi cao
Spiraea ulmaria Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 490. 1753.
Plants 80–100 cm tall. Stems sulcate, glabrous. Stipules green, semicordate or ovate-lanceolate, herbaceous, margin sharply serrate; petiole glabrous; leaf blade pinnate, with 2–5 pairs of leaflets, abaxially white tomentose, sometimes a few basal leaflets glabrescent, adaxially glabrous; terminal leaflet 3–5-lobed, slightly smaller to slightly larger than lateral ones, lobes lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, margin doubly serrate or slightly lobed, apex acuminate; lateral leaflets oblong-ovate or elliptic-lanceolate, base rounded, margin doubly serrate, apex acuminate. Inflorescence terminal, paniculate. Flowers bisexual, ca. 5 mm in diam.; pedicel sparsely pubescent. Sepals ovate, densely pubescent abaxially, apex obtuse or acute. Petals white, obovate. Achenes attached to receptacle adaxially near base, subsessile, spirally contorted and appearing united. Fl. and fr. Jun–Sep. 2n = 14.
Mountain thickets, meadows, river banks. Xinjiang [Mongolia, Russia; C and SW Asia, Europe].

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